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The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 386 - 390, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1099432

Abstract

Objective: Early diagnosis is important for severe diseases in COVID-19. Monocyte/high dansity lipoprotein ratio (MHR) is a new prognostic marker indicating inflammation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and diseases severity in COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: Patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19, were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory data on the first day of hospitalization were obtained from medical records of hospital. The clinical data of 301 patients were included in study. Cases were diagnosed on the basis of interim guidance of World Health Organization (WHO). Patients were classified into two groups as non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19. MHR were calculated with laboratory data on the first day of hospitalization. The relationship between MHR level and COVID-19 severity was evaluated. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using SPSS 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) package program. Statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05.
Results: One hundred ninety-six patients (65.1 %) had non-severe COVID-19,105 patients (34.9 %) had severe COVID-19. In our study, it was found that the mean age was higher in severe patients and comorbid diseases were more common. Although monocyte count values were not statistically significantly different, MHR was significantly higher in severe COVID-19 than non-severe COVID-19.
Conclusions: Monocytes are very important to cytokine storm in COVID-19. Dyslipidemia can occur in viral infection because of inflammation. MHR can be used as an inflammatory marker in COVID-19.

References

  • 1. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-74.
  • 2. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
  • 3. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
  • 4. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 2020;323(11):1061-9.
  • 5. Arabi YM, Murthy S, Webb S. COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care. Intensive care medicine. 2020:1-4.
  • 6. Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Netea MG, Rovina N, Akinosoglou K, Antoniadou A, Antonakos N, et al. Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020.
  • 7. Funderburg NT, Mehta NN. Lipid abnormalities and inflammation in HIV inflection. Current HIV/AIDS Reports. 2016;13(4):218-25.
  • 8. Dreux M, Thi VLD, Fresquet J, Guérin M, Julia Z, Verney G, et al. Receptor complementation and mutagenesis reveal SR-BI as an essential HCV entry factor and functionally imply its intra-and extra-cellular domains. PLoS pathogens. 2009;5(2).
  • 9. Hu X, Chen D, Wu L, He G, Ye W. Low serum cholesterol level among patients with COVID-19 infection in Wenzhou, China. China (February 21, 2020). 2020.
  • 10. Yılmaz M, Kayançiçek H. A new inflammatory marker: elevated monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio associated with smoking. Journal of clinical medicine. 2018;7(4):76.
  • 11. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine. 2020.
  • 12. Canpolat U, Çetin EH, Cetin S, Aydin S, Akboga MK, Yayla C, et al. Association of monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio with slow coronary flow is linked to systemic inflammation. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 2016;22(5):476-82.
  • 13. Organization WH. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected: interim guidance, 13 March 2020. World Health Organization; 2020.
  • 14. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. 2020;323(13):1239-42.
  • 15. Novel CPERE. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi. 2020;41(2):145.
  • 16. Lian J, Jin X, Hao S, Cai H, Zhang S, Zheng L, et al. Analysis of epidemiological and clinical features in older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outside Wuhan. Clinical infectious diseases. 2020;71(15):740-7.
  • 17. Yang M, Zhao J, Zhang Z. More than pneumonia, the potential occurrence of multiple organ failure in 2019 novel coronavirus infection. The Potential Occurrence of Multiple Organ Failure in. 2019.
  • 18. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis. 2020;18(4):844-7.
  • 19. Sun S, Cai X, Wang H, He G, Lin Y, Lu B, et al. Abnormalities of peripheral blood system in patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2020.
  • 20. Liu Y, Du X, Chen J, Jin Y, Peng L, Wang HH, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Journal of Infection. 2020.
  • 21. Pence BD. Severe COVID-19 and aging: are monocytes the key? GeroScience. 2020;42(4):1051-61.
  • 22. Zhou Z, Ren L, Zhang L, Zhong J, Xiao Y, Jia Z, et al. Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020.
  • 23. Sorokin AV, Karathanasis SK, Yang ZH, Freeman L, Kotani K, Remaley AT. COVID‐19—Associated dyslipidemia: Implications for mechanism of impaired resolution and novel therapeutic approaches. The FASEB Journal. 2020;34(8):9843-53.
  • 24. Zeng W, Liu G, Ma H, Zhao D, Yang Y, Liu M, et al. Biochemical characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2020.
  • 25. Vincenzo Roccaforte1, Massimo Daves3, GL, MS, CB. Altered lipid profile in patients with COVID-19 infection. Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine. 25 October
  • 26. Fan J, Wang H, Ye G, Cao X, Xu X, Tan W, et al. Low-density lipoprotein is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Metabolism. 2020:154243.
  • 27. Kočar E, Režen T, Rozman D. Cholesterol, lipoproteins, and COVID-19: basic concepts and clinical applications. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 2020:158849.
  • 28. Wei X, Zeng W, Su J, Wan H, Yu X, Cao X, et al. Hypolipidemia is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 2020.

Monosit/ Yüksek Dansiteli Lipoprotein (MHR) ve COVID-19 Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 386 - 390, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1099432

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19’da şiddetli hastalığı erken tanımak önemlidir. Monosit / yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein oranı (MHR), inflamasyon seyrini belirlemede kullanılan yeni bir belirteçtir. Bu çalışmada MHR ile COVID-19 seyri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Laboratuvar ile konfirme edilmiş COVID-19 hastaları retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Hastanemize başvuran hastanın ilk günki klinik semptomları, bulguları, ve laboratuvar sonuçları hastane bilgi işlem sisteminden taranarak kayıt altına alındı. Çalışmamıza toplam 301 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) klavuzu dikkate alınarak sınıflandırıldı. MHR hastaların hastaneye kabul edildiği ilk gün bakılan laboratuvar verileri kullanılarak hesaplandı. MHR ile COVID-19 şiddeti arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildi. Hasta verileri SPSS 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) kullanılarak analiz edildi. İstatistiksel olarak P<0.05 olan farklılıklar anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların 196 (%65,1)’sı hafif ve orta semptomlu COVID-19 iken, 105 (%34,9)’i şiddetli COVID-19 idi. Çalışmamızda şiddetli COVID-19 hastalarında yaş ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu ve komorbid hastalıkların daha sık görüldüğü bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda grublar arasında monosit sayısında anlamlı fark izlenmez iken, şiddetli COVID-19 hasta grubunda MHR anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: COVID-19’da gerçekleşen sitokin fırtınasında monositler önemli rol üstlenir. Gelişen inflamasyon nedeni ile hastalarda dislipidemi izlenir. MHR COVID-19’da inflamatuar biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilir.

References

  • 1. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-74.
  • 2. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
  • 3. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
  • 4. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 2020;323(11):1061-9.
  • 5. Arabi YM, Murthy S, Webb S. COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care. Intensive care medicine. 2020:1-4.
  • 6. Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Netea MG, Rovina N, Akinosoglou K, Antoniadou A, Antonakos N, et al. Complex immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020.
  • 7. Funderburg NT, Mehta NN. Lipid abnormalities and inflammation in HIV inflection. Current HIV/AIDS Reports. 2016;13(4):218-25.
  • 8. Dreux M, Thi VLD, Fresquet J, Guérin M, Julia Z, Verney G, et al. Receptor complementation and mutagenesis reveal SR-BI as an essential HCV entry factor and functionally imply its intra-and extra-cellular domains. PLoS pathogens. 2009;5(2).
  • 9. Hu X, Chen D, Wu L, He G, Ye W. Low serum cholesterol level among patients with COVID-19 infection in Wenzhou, China. China (February 21, 2020). 2020.
  • 10. Yılmaz M, Kayançiçek H. A new inflammatory marker: elevated monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio associated with smoking. Journal of clinical medicine. 2018;7(4):76.
  • 11. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine. 2020.
  • 12. Canpolat U, Çetin EH, Cetin S, Aydin S, Akboga MK, Yayla C, et al. Association of monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio with slow coronary flow is linked to systemic inflammation. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 2016;22(5):476-82.
  • 13. Organization WH. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected: interim guidance, 13 March 2020. World Health Organization; 2020.
  • 14. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. 2020;323(13):1239-42.
  • 15. Novel CPERE. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi. 2020;41(2):145.
  • 16. Lian J, Jin X, Hao S, Cai H, Zhang S, Zheng L, et al. Analysis of epidemiological and clinical features in older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outside Wuhan. Clinical infectious diseases. 2020;71(15):740-7.
  • 17. Yang M, Zhao J, Zhang Z. More than pneumonia, the potential occurrence of multiple organ failure in 2019 novel coronavirus infection. The Potential Occurrence of Multiple Organ Failure in. 2019.
  • 18. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis. 2020;18(4):844-7.
  • 19. Sun S, Cai X, Wang H, He G, Lin Y, Lu B, et al. Abnormalities of peripheral blood system in patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2020.
  • 20. Liu Y, Du X, Chen J, Jin Y, Peng L, Wang HH, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Journal of Infection. 2020.
  • 21. Pence BD. Severe COVID-19 and aging: are monocytes the key? GeroScience. 2020;42(4):1051-61.
  • 22. Zhou Z, Ren L, Zhang L, Zhong J, Xiao Y, Jia Z, et al. Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020.
  • 23. Sorokin AV, Karathanasis SK, Yang ZH, Freeman L, Kotani K, Remaley AT. COVID‐19—Associated dyslipidemia: Implications for mechanism of impaired resolution and novel therapeutic approaches. The FASEB Journal. 2020;34(8):9843-53.
  • 24. Zeng W, Liu G, Ma H, Zhao D, Yang Y, Liu M, et al. Biochemical characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2020.
  • 25. Vincenzo Roccaforte1, Massimo Daves3, GL, MS, CB. Altered lipid profile in patients with COVID-19 infection. Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine. 25 October
  • 26. Fan J, Wang H, Ye G, Cao X, Xu X, Tan W, et al. Low-density lipoprotein is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Metabolism. 2020:154243.
  • 27. Kočar E, Režen T, Rozman D. Cholesterol, lipoproteins, and COVID-19: basic concepts and clinical applications. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 2020:158849.
  • 28. Wei X, Zeng W, Su J, Wan H, Yu X, Cao X, et al. Hypolipidemia is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 2020.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Belgin Coşkun 0000-0002-9884-9859

Müge Ayhan 0000-0002-4821-5559

Elif Mukime Sarıcaoğlu 0000-0002-7613-2398

Rahmet Güner 0000-0002-1029-1185

Esragül Akıncı 0000-0003-3412-8929

Turan Buzgan 0000-0001-7897-3660

Bircan Kayaaslan 0000-0001-5225-8319

Adalet Aypak 0000-0001-8850-2475

Ayşe Yasemin Tezer Tekçe 0000-0002-7054-6186

İmran Hasanoğlu 0000-0001-6692-3893

Ayşe Kaya Kalem 0000-0002-4759-0066

Fatma Eser 0000-0002-0282-6346

Yeşim Aybar Bilir 0000-0001-8900-5139

Burcu Özdemir 0000-0002-1851-3539

Publication Date June 29, 2022
Acceptance Date June 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Coşkun, B., Ayhan, M., Sarıcaoğlu, E. M., Güner, R., et al. (2022). The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19. Konuralp Medical Journal, 14(2), 386-390. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1099432
AMA Coşkun B, Ayhan M, Sarıcaoğlu EM, Güner R, Akıncı E, Buzgan T, Kayaaslan B, Aypak A, Tezer Tekçe AY, Hasanoğlu İ, Kaya Kalem A, Eser F, Aybar Bilir Y, Özdemir B. The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19. Konuralp Medical Journal. June 2022;14(2):386-390. doi:10.18521/ktd.1099432
Chicago Coşkun, Belgin, Müge Ayhan, Elif Mukime Sarıcaoğlu, Rahmet Güner, Esragül Akıncı, Turan Buzgan, Bircan Kayaaslan, Adalet Aypak, Ayşe Yasemin Tezer Tekçe, İmran Hasanoğlu, Ayşe Kaya Kalem, Fatma Eser, Yeşim Aybar Bilir, and Burcu Özdemir. “The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14, no. 2 (June 2022): 386-90. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1099432.
EndNote Coşkun B, Ayhan M, Sarıcaoğlu EM, Güner R, Akıncı E, Buzgan T, Kayaaslan B, Aypak A, Tezer Tekçe AY, Hasanoğlu İ, Kaya Kalem A, Eser F, Aybar Bilir Y, Özdemir B (June 1, 2022) The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19. Konuralp Medical Journal 14 2 386–390.
IEEE B. Coşkun, “The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 386–390, 2022, doi: 10.18521/ktd.1099432.
ISNAD Coşkun, Belgin et al. “The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14/2 (June 2022), 386-390. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1099432.
JAMA Coşkun B, Ayhan M, Sarıcaoğlu EM, Güner R, Akıncı E, Buzgan T, Kayaaslan B, Aypak A, Tezer Tekçe AY, Hasanoğlu İ, Kaya Kalem A, Eser F, Aybar Bilir Y, Özdemir B. The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14:386–390.
MLA Coşkun, Belgin et al. “The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 2022, pp. 386-90, doi:10.18521/ktd.1099432.
Vancouver Coşkun B, Ayhan M, Sarıcaoğlu EM, Güner R, Akıncı E, Buzgan T, Kayaaslan B, Aypak A, Tezer Tekçe AY, Hasanoğlu İ, Kaya Kalem A, Eser F, Aybar Bilir Y, Özdemir B. The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14(2):386-90.