Review
Year 2019,
Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 63 - 70, 29.03.2019
Abstract
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex disease which is increasing worldwide prevalence and affected by genetic and environmental factors. Obesity, inadequateand unbalanced diet, physical inactivity is important in the development of type 2 DM.Recent studies examine the relationship between changes in intestinal microbiota andobesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other diseases. Supplementation orconsumption of dietary probiotics products (such as fermented milk products) that affecting microbiota shows a positive effect on blood glucose regulation and insulin resistance. The results of studies that are examined the effect of probiotics and prebioticson blood glucose regulation, insulin resistance and diabetes may vary in the literature.This subject is expected to clarify with long term human studies. The relationship between DM and probiotics, prebiotics is examines in this review.
Keywords
References
- Kaynaklar 1.Butel MJ. Probiotics, gut microbiota and health. Med Mal In-fect 2014; 44 (1): 1-8. 2.FAO/WHO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN andWorld Health Organization Working Group. Guidelines for theevaluation of probiotics in food. Rome/Geneva 2002. 3.Whelan K. Probiotics and prebiotics in the management of ir-ritable bowel syndrome: a review of recent clinical trials andsystematic reviews. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011;14 (6): 581-87. 4.WilliamsNT. Probiotics. Am JHealth Syst Pharm2010; 67 (6):449-58. 5.Türk gıda kodeksi gıda maddelerinin genel etiketleme ve bes-lenme yönünden etiketleme kuralları tebliğinde değişiklik ya-pılması hakkında tebliğ Tebliğ No (2006/34) 2006. 6.Cannon JP, Lee TA, Bolanos JT, Danziger LH. Pathogenic re-levance of Lactobacillus: a retrospective review of over 200cases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24: 31-40. 7.Franz CM, Huch M, Abriouel H, Holzapfel W, Galvez A. En-terococci as probiotics and their implications in food safety.Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 151: 125-40. 8.Salminen MK, Tynkkynen S, Rautelin H, et al. Lactobacillusbacteremia during a rapid increase in probiotic use of Lac-tobacillus rhamnosus GG in Finland. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35: 1155-60. 9.Connolly E, Abrahamsson T, Bjorksten B. Safety of D (-)-lac-tic acid producing bacteria in the human infant. J Pediatr Gas-troenterol Nutr 2005; 41: 489-92. 10.Roberfroid M, Gibson GR, Hoyles L, et al. Prebiotic effects: me-tabolic and health benefits. Br J Nutr 2010; 104 (Suppl 2): S1–S63. 11.Cani PD, Neyrinck AM, Fava F, et al. Selective increases ofbifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-indu-ced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with en-dotoxaemia. Diabetologia 2007; 50 (11): 2374-83. 12.Delzenne NM, Neyrinck AM, Backhed F, Cani PD. Targetinggut microbiota in obesity: effects of prebiotics and probiotics.Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011; 7: 639-46. 13.Kellow NJ, Coughlan MT, Reid CM. Metabolic benefits of die-tary prebiotics in human subjects: a systematic review of ran-domised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2014; 111 (7): 1147-61. 14.Everard A, Cani PD. Diabetes, obesity and gut microbiota. BestPract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 27 (1): 73-83. 15.Round JL, Mazmanian SK. The gut microbiota shapes intes-tinal immune responses during health and disease. Nat RevImmunol 2009; 9 (5): 313-23. 16.Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, et al. Regulation of inflam-matory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant re-ceptor GPR43. Nature 2009; 461 (7268): 1282-86. 17.Qin J, Li R, Raes J, et al. A human gut microbial gene cata-logue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature 2010;464 (7285): 59-65. 18.Wu X, Ma C, Han L, et al. Molecular characterisation of thefaecal microbiota in patients with type II diabetes. Curr Mic-robiol 2010; 61 (1): 69-78. 19.Bäckhed F, Ding H, Wang T, Hooper LV, Koh GY, Nagy, A Thegut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fatstorage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 15718-23. 20.WHO. Diabetes fact sheet N 312. (2013).http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/. Access:04 May 2014 21.TURDEP II Sonuçlarının Öz. http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/itf/at-tachments/021_turdep.2.sonuclarinin.aciklamasi.pdf. Erişim:04 Mayıs 2014. 22.McLaughlin T, Abbasi F, Carantoni M, Schaaf P, Reaven G.Differences in insulin resistance do not predict weight loss inresponse to hypocaloric diets in healthy obese women. J ClinEndocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 578-81. 23.McLaughlin TL, Reaven GM. Beyond type 2 diabetes: the needfor a clinically useful way to identify insulin resistance. AmJ Med 2003; 114: 501-502. 24.Naydenov K, Anastasov A, Avramova M, et al. Probiotics anddiabetes mellitus. Trakia Journal of Sciences 2012; 10: 300-306. 25.Diamant M, Blaak EE, de Vos WM. Do nutrient-gut-microbio-ta interactions play a role in human obesity, insulin resistan-ce and type 2 diabetes? Obes Rev 2011; 12 (4): 272-81. 26.Bäckhed F, Manchester JK, Semenkovich CF, Gordon JI. Mecha-nisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104 (3): 979-84. 27.Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER,Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increa-sed capacity for energy harvest. Nature 2006; 444: 1027-31. 28.Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, et al. A metagenome-wide association studyof gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 2012; 490: 55-60. 29.Shen, J, Obin MS, Zhao, L. The gut microbiota, obesity andinsulin resistance. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34: 39-58. 30.Sanz, Y, Rastmanesh, R, Agostoni, C. Understanding the roleof gut microbes and probiotics in obesity: how far are we?Pharmacol Res 2013; 69: 144-55. 31.Furet J-P, KongL-C, Tap J,etal. Differential adaptation of hu-man gut microbiota to bariatric surgery–induced weight losslinks with metabolic and low-grade inflammation markers. Dia-betes 2010; 59 (12): 3049-57. 32.Kalliomäki M, Collado MC, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Early dif-ferences in fecal microbiota composition in children may pre-dict overweight. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87 (3): 534-38. 33.Bäckhed F. Changes in intestinal microflora in obesity: cau-se or consequence? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 48:S56-S57. 34.Kootte RS, Vrieze A, Holleman F, et al. The therapeutic po-tential of manipulating gut microbiota in obesity and type 2diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14 (2): 112-20. 35.Andersson U, Branning C, Ahrne S, et al. Probiotics lower plas-ma glucose in the high-fat fed C57BL/6J mouse. Benef Mic-robes 2010; 1 (2): 189-96. 36.Yin YN, Yu QF, Fu N, Liu Xu, Lu FG. Effects of four Bifido-bacteria on obesity in high-fat diet induced rats. World J Gas-troenterol 2010; 16: 3394-401. 37.Larsen N, Vogensen FK, Gobel RJ, et al. Effect of Lactoba-cillus salivarius Ls-33 on fecal microbiota in obese adoles-cents. Clin Nutr 2013; 32 (6): 935-40. 38.Vrieze A, Holleman F, Zoetendal EG, de Vos WM, HoekstraJB, Nieuwdorp M. The environment within: how gut micro-biota may influence metabolism and body composition. . Dia-betologia 2010; 53: 606-13. 39.Burcelin R, Serino M, Chabo C, Blasco-Baque V, Amar J. Gutmicrobiota and diabetes: from pathogenesis to therapeutic pers-pective. Acta diabetologica 2011; 48 (4): 257-73. 40.Walker WA. Mechanisms of action of probiotics. Clin InfectDis 2008; 46 (Suppl.2): S87-S91. 41.Nadal I, Santacruz A, Marcos A, et al. Shifts in clostridia, bac-teroides and immunoglobulin-coating fecal bacteria associa-ted with weight loss in obese adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond)2009; 33 (7): 758-67. 42.Santacruz A, Marcos A, Wärnberg J, et al. Interplay betwe-en weight loss and gut microbiota composition in overweightadolescents. Obesity 2009; 17 (10): 1906-15. 43.Cani PD, Possemiers S,Van de Wiele T, et al. Changes in gutmicrobiota controlinflammation in obesemice through a mec-hanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permea-bility. Gut 2009;58 (8): 1091-103. 44.Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, et al. A core gut mic-robiome in obese and lean twins. Nature 2009; 457 (7228):480-84. 45.Allcock G, Allegra M, Flower R, Perretti M. Neutrophil ac-cumulation induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide: effectsof dexamethasone and annexin 1. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123(1): 62-67. 46.Yun S, Park H, Kang J. Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 onblood glucose levels and body weight in a mouse model of type2 diabetes. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107 (5): 1681-86. 47.Yadav H, Jain S, Sinha P. Effect of skim milk and dahi (yogurt)on blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile in rats fed with highfructose diet. J Med Food 2006; 9 (3): 328-35. 48.So J-S, Kwon H-K, Lee C-G, et al. Lactobacillus caseii supp-resses experimental arthritis by down-regulating T helper 1effector functions. Mol Immunol 2008; 45 (9): 2690-99. 49.Matsuzaki T, Yamazaki R, Hashimoto S, Yokokura T. Antidia-betic effects of an oral administration of Lactobacillus caseiin a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) mo-del using KK-Ay mice. Endocr J 1997; 44 (3): 35765. 50.Andreasen AS, LarsenN, Pedersen-SkovsgaardT, Effects of Lac-tobacillus acidophilus NCFM on insulin sensitivity and thesystemic inflammatory response in human subjects. Br J Nutr2010; 104 (12): 1831-38. 51.Zarfeshani A, Khaza’ai H, Ali RM, Hambali Z, Wahle K, Mu-talib M. Effect of Lactobacillus casei on the production of pro-inflammatory markers in streptozotocin-induced diabeticrats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2011; 3 (3-4): 168-74. 52.Tabuchi M, Ozaki M, Tamura A, et al. Antidiabetic effect ofLactobacillus GG in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Bi-osci Biotechnol Biochem 2003; 67 (6): 1421-24. 53.Anderson PD, Mehta NN, Wolfe ML, et al. Innate immunitymodulates adipokines in humans. J Clin Endocrinol 2007; 92(6): 2272-79. 54.Ceriello A, Motz E. Is oxidative stress the pathogenic mecha-nism underlying insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovas-cular disease? The common soil hypothesis revisited. Arteri-oscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24 (5): 816-23. 55.Sarkhail P, Abdollahi M, Fadayevatan S, et al. Effect of Phlo-mis persica on glucose levels and hepatic enzymatic antioxi-dants in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacogn Mag2010; 6 (23): 219. 56.Maritim A, Sanders R, Watkins rJ. Diabetes, oxidative stress,and antioxidants: a review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17(1): 24-38. 57.Ejtahed HS, Mohtadi-Nia J, Homayouni-Rad A, Niafar M, Asg-hari-Jafarabadi M, Mofid V. Probiotic yogurt improves antio-xidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutrition 2012; 28(5): 539-43. 58.Mallappa RH, Rokana N, Duary RK, Panwar H, Batish VK,Grover S. Management of metabolic syndrome through pro-biotic and prebiotic interventions. Indian J Endocrinol Me-tab 2012; 16 (1). 59.Ejtahed HS, Mohtadi-Nia J, Homayouni-Rad A, et al. Effectof probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilusand Bifidobacterium lactis on lipid profile in individuals withtype 2 diabetes mellitus. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94 (7): 3288-94. 60.Kootte RS, Vrieze A, Holleman F, et al. The therapeutic po-tential of manipulating gut microbiota in obesity and type 2diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14 (2): 112-20. 61.Cani PD, Lecourt E, Dewulf EM, et al. Gut microbiota fer-mentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gutpeptide production with consequences for appetite sensationand glucose response after a meal. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90(5): 1236-43. 62.Dehghan P, Pourghassem Gargari B, Asghari Jafar-Abadi M.Oligofructose-enriched inulin improves some inflammatorymarkers and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 dia-betes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutri-tion 2014; 30 (4): 418-23. 63.Lecerf J-M, Dépeint F, Clerc E, et al. Xylo-oligosaccharide(XOS) in combination with inulin modulates both the intesti-nal environment and immune status in healthy subjects, whi-le XOS alone only shows prebiotic properties. Br J Nutr 2012;108 (10): 1847-58. 64.Anderson A, McNaught C, Jain P, MacFie J. Randomised cli-nical trial of synbiotic therapy in elective surgical patients. Gut2004; 53 (2): 241-45. 65.Fallucca F, Porrata C, Fallucca S, Pianesi M. Influence of dieton gut microbiota, inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus.First experience with macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet. Diabetes Me-tab Res Rev 2014; 30 (Suppl 1): 48-54. 66.Pourghassem Gargari B, Dehghan P, Aliasgharzadeh A, Asgha-ri Jafar-Abadi M. Effects of high performance inulin supplemen-tation on glycemic control and antioxidant status in women withtype 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2013; 37 (2): 140-48. 67.Dehghan P, Gargari BP, Jafar-Abadi MA, Aliasgharzadeh A.Inulin controls inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia inwomen with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized-control-led clinical trial. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65 (1): 117-23. 68.Tulk HMF, Blonski DC, Murch LA, Duncan AM, Wright AJ. Da-ily consumption of a synbiotic yogurt decreases energy intake butdoes not improve gastrointestinal transit time: a double-blind, ran-domized, crossover study in healthy adults. Nutr J 2013; 12: 87.
Year 2019,
Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 63 - 70, 29.03.2019
Abstract
Öz
Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dünya genelinde prevalansı artan, genetik ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilenen kompleks bir hastalıktır. Obezite, yetersiz ve dengesiz beslenme, fiziksel inaktivite Tip 2 DM gelişiminde önemli yer tutmaktadır. Son yıllarda intestinal mikrobiyotadaki değişimin obezite, diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH) gibibirçok hastalıkla ilişkisini incelenmektedir. Mikrobiyotayı etkileyen probiyotiklerin suplemantasyonu veya diyet ürünleriyle (fermente süt ürünleri gibi) alımı insülin direnci vekan glikoz regülasyonu üzerinde olumlu etki göstermektedir. Probiyotiklerin ve prebiyotiklerin kan glikozu regülasyonu, insülin direnci ve diyabet üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen çalışmaların sonuçları literatürde farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Uzun dönemde yapılacak olan insan çalışmalarının bu konuyu aydınlatacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemede probiyotikler, prebiyotikler ve DM arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Kaynaklar 1.Butel MJ. Probiotics, gut microbiota and health. Med Mal In-fect 2014; 44 (1): 1-8. 2.FAO/WHO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN andWorld Health Organization Working Group. Guidelines for theevaluation of probiotics in food. Rome/Geneva 2002. 3.Whelan K. Probiotics and prebiotics in the management of ir-ritable bowel syndrome: a review of recent clinical trials andsystematic reviews. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011;14 (6): 581-87. 4.WilliamsNT. Probiotics. Am JHealth Syst Pharm2010; 67 (6):449-58. 5.Türk gıda kodeksi gıda maddelerinin genel etiketleme ve bes-lenme yönünden etiketleme kuralları tebliğinde değişiklik ya-pılması hakkında tebliğ Tebliğ No (2006/34) 2006. 6.Cannon JP, Lee TA, Bolanos JT, Danziger LH. Pathogenic re-levance of Lactobacillus: a retrospective review of over 200cases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24: 31-40. 7.Franz CM, Huch M, Abriouel H, Holzapfel W, Galvez A. En-terococci as probiotics and their implications in food safety.Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 151: 125-40. 8.Salminen MK, Tynkkynen S, Rautelin H, et al. Lactobacillusbacteremia during a rapid increase in probiotic use of Lac-tobacillus rhamnosus GG in Finland. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35: 1155-60. 9.Connolly E, Abrahamsson T, Bjorksten B. Safety of D (-)-lac-tic acid producing bacteria in the human infant. J Pediatr Gas-troenterol Nutr 2005; 41: 489-92. 10.Roberfroid M, Gibson GR, Hoyles L, et al. Prebiotic effects: me-tabolic and health benefits. Br J Nutr 2010; 104 (Suppl 2): S1–S63. 11.Cani PD, Neyrinck AM, Fava F, et al. Selective increases ofbifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-indu-ced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with en-dotoxaemia. Diabetologia 2007; 50 (11): 2374-83. 12.Delzenne NM, Neyrinck AM, Backhed F, Cani PD. Targetinggut microbiota in obesity: effects of prebiotics and probiotics.Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011; 7: 639-46. 13.Kellow NJ, Coughlan MT, Reid CM. Metabolic benefits of die-tary prebiotics in human subjects: a systematic review of ran-domised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2014; 111 (7): 1147-61. 14.Everard A, Cani PD. Diabetes, obesity and gut microbiota. BestPract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 27 (1): 73-83. 15.Round JL, Mazmanian SK. The gut microbiota shapes intes-tinal immune responses during health and disease. Nat RevImmunol 2009; 9 (5): 313-23. 16.Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, et al. Regulation of inflam-matory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant re-ceptor GPR43. Nature 2009; 461 (7268): 1282-86. 17.Qin J, Li R, Raes J, et al. A human gut microbial gene cata-logue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature 2010;464 (7285): 59-65. 18.Wu X, Ma C, Han L, et al. Molecular characterisation of thefaecal microbiota in patients with type II diabetes. Curr Mic-robiol 2010; 61 (1): 69-78. 19.Bäckhed F, Ding H, Wang T, Hooper LV, Koh GY, Nagy, A Thegut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fatstorage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 15718-23. 20.WHO. Diabetes fact sheet N 312. (2013).http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/. Access:04 May 2014 21.TURDEP II Sonuçlarının Öz. http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/itf/at-tachments/021_turdep.2.sonuclarinin.aciklamasi.pdf. Erişim:04 Mayıs 2014. 22.McLaughlin T, Abbasi F, Carantoni M, Schaaf P, Reaven G.Differences in insulin resistance do not predict weight loss inresponse to hypocaloric diets in healthy obese women. J ClinEndocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 578-81. 23.McLaughlin TL, Reaven GM. Beyond type 2 diabetes: the needfor a clinically useful way to identify insulin resistance. AmJ Med 2003; 114: 501-502. 24.Naydenov K, Anastasov A, Avramova M, et al. Probiotics anddiabetes mellitus. Trakia Journal of Sciences 2012; 10: 300-306. 25.Diamant M, Blaak EE, de Vos WM. Do nutrient-gut-microbio-ta interactions play a role in human obesity, insulin resistan-ce and type 2 diabetes? Obes Rev 2011; 12 (4): 272-81. 26.Bäckhed F, Manchester JK, Semenkovich CF, Gordon JI. Mecha-nisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104 (3): 979-84. 27.Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER,Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increa-sed capacity for energy harvest. Nature 2006; 444: 1027-31. 28.Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, et al. A metagenome-wide association studyof gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 2012; 490: 55-60. 29.Shen, J, Obin MS, Zhao, L. The gut microbiota, obesity andinsulin resistance. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34: 39-58. 30.Sanz, Y, Rastmanesh, R, Agostoni, C. Understanding the roleof gut microbes and probiotics in obesity: how far are we?Pharmacol Res 2013; 69: 144-55. 31.Furet J-P, KongL-C, Tap J,etal. Differential adaptation of hu-man gut microbiota to bariatric surgery–induced weight losslinks with metabolic and low-grade inflammation markers. Dia-betes 2010; 59 (12): 3049-57. 32.Kalliomäki M, Collado MC, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Early dif-ferences in fecal microbiota composition in children may pre-dict overweight. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87 (3): 534-38. 33.Bäckhed F. Changes in intestinal microflora in obesity: cau-se or consequence? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 48:S56-S57. 34.Kootte RS, Vrieze A, Holleman F, et al. The therapeutic po-tential of manipulating gut microbiota in obesity and type 2diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14 (2): 112-20. 35.Andersson U, Branning C, Ahrne S, et al. Probiotics lower plas-ma glucose in the high-fat fed C57BL/6J mouse. Benef Mic-robes 2010; 1 (2): 189-96. 36.Yin YN, Yu QF, Fu N, Liu Xu, Lu FG. Effects of four Bifido-bacteria on obesity in high-fat diet induced rats. World J Gas-troenterol 2010; 16: 3394-401. 37.Larsen N, Vogensen FK, Gobel RJ, et al. Effect of Lactoba-cillus salivarius Ls-33 on fecal microbiota in obese adoles-cents. Clin Nutr 2013; 32 (6): 935-40. 38.Vrieze A, Holleman F, Zoetendal EG, de Vos WM, HoekstraJB, Nieuwdorp M. The environment within: how gut micro-biota may influence metabolism and body composition. . Dia-betologia 2010; 53: 606-13. 39.Burcelin R, Serino M, Chabo C, Blasco-Baque V, Amar J. Gutmicrobiota and diabetes: from pathogenesis to therapeutic pers-pective. Acta diabetologica 2011; 48 (4): 257-73. 40.Walker WA. Mechanisms of action of probiotics. Clin InfectDis 2008; 46 (Suppl.2): S87-S91. 41.Nadal I, Santacruz A, Marcos A, et al. Shifts in clostridia, bac-teroides and immunoglobulin-coating fecal bacteria associa-ted with weight loss in obese adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond)2009; 33 (7): 758-67. 42.Santacruz A, Marcos A, Wärnberg J, et al. Interplay betwe-en weight loss and gut microbiota composition in overweightadolescents. Obesity 2009; 17 (10): 1906-15. 43.Cani PD, Possemiers S,Van de Wiele T, et al. Changes in gutmicrobiota controlinflammation in obesemice through a mec-hanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permea-bility. Gut 2009;58 (8): 1091-103. 44.Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, et al. A core gut mic-robiome in obese and lean twins. Nature 2009; 457 (7228):480-84. 45.Allcock G, Allegra M, Flower R, Perretti M. Neutrophil ac-cumulation induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide: effectsof dexamethasone and annexin 1. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123(1): 62-67. 46.Yun S, Park H, Kang J. Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 onblood glucose levels and body weight in a mouse model of type2 diabetes. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107 (5): 1681-86. 47.Yadav H, Jain S, Sinha P. Effect of skim milk and dahi (yogurt)on blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile in rats fed with highfructose diet. J Med Food 2006; 9 (3): 328-35. 48.So J-S, Kwon H-K, Lee C-G, et al. Lactobacillus caseii supp-resses experimental arthritis by down-regulating T helper 1effector functions. Mol Immunol 2008; 45 (9): 2690-99. 49.Matsuzaki T, Yamazaki R, Hashimoto S, Yokokura T. Antidia-betic effects of an oral administration of Lactobacillus caseiin a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) mo-del using KK-Ay mice. Endocr J 1997; 44 (3): 35765. 50.Andreasen AS, LarsenN, Pedersen-SkovsgaardT, Effects of Lac-tobacillus acidophilus NCFM on insulin sensitivity and thesystemic inflammatory response in human subjects. Br J Nutr2010; 104 (12): 1831-38. 51.Zarfeshani A, Khaza’ai H, Ali RM, Hambali Z, Wahle K, Mu-talib M. Effect of Lactobacillus casei on the production of pro-inflammatory markers in streptozotocin-induced diabeticrats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2011; 3 (3-4): 168-74. 52.Tabuchi M, Ozaki M, Tamura A, et al. Antidiabetic effect ofLactobacillus GG in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Bi-osci Biotechnol Biochem 2003; 67 (6): 1421-24. 53.Anderson PD, Mehta NN, Wolfe ML, et al. Innate immunitymodulates adipokines in humans. J Clin Endocrinol 2007; 92(6): 2272-79. 54.Ceriello A, Motz E. Is oxidative stress the pathogenic mecha-nism underlying insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovas-cular disease? The common soil hypothesis revisited. Arteri-oscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24 (5): 816-23. 55.Sarkhail P, Abdollahi M, Fadayevatan S, et al. Effect of Phlo-mis persica on glucose levels and hepatic enzymatic antioxi-dants in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacogn Mag2010; 6 (23): 219. 56.Maritim A, Sanders R, Watkins rJ. Diabetes, oxidative stress,and antioxidants: a review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17(1): 24-38. 57.Ejtahed HS, Mohtadi-Nia J, Homayouni-Rad A, Niafar M, Asg-hari-Jafarabadi M, Mofid V. Probiotic yogurt improves antio-xidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutrition 2012; 28(5): 539-43. 58.Mallappa RH, Rokana N, Duary RK, Panwar H, Batish VK,Grover S. Management of metabolic syndrome through pro-biotic and prebiotic interventions. Indian J Endocrinol Me-tab 2012; 16 (1). 59.Ejtahed HS, Mohtadi-Nia J, Homayouni-Rad A, et al. Effectof probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilusand Bifidobacterium lactis on lipid profile in individuals withtype 2 diabetes mellitus. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94 (7): 3288-94. 60.Kootte RS, Vrieze A, Holleman F, et al. The therapeutic po-tential of manipulating gut microbiota in obesity and type 2diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14 (2): 112-20. 61.Cani PD, Lecourt E, Dewulf EM, et al. Gut microbiota fer-mentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gutpeptide production with consequences for appetite sensationand glucose response after a meal. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90(5): 1236-43. 62.Dehghan P, Pourghassem Gargari B, Asghari Jafar-Abadi M.Oligofructose-enriched inulin improves some inflammatorymarkers and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 dia-betes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutri-tion 2014; 30 (4): 418-23. 63.Lecerf J-M, Dépeint F, Clerc E, et al. Xylo-oligosaccharide(XOS) in combination with inulin modulates both the intesti-nal environment and immune status in healthy subjects, whi-le XOS alone only shows prebiotic properties. Br J Nutr 2012;108 (10): 1847-58. 64.Anderson A, McNaught C, Jain P, MacFie J. Randomised cli-nical trial of synbiotic therapy in elective surgical patients. Gut2004; 53 (2): 241-45. 65.Fallucca F, Porrata C, Fallucca S, Pianesi M. Influence of dieton gut microbiota, inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus.First experience with macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet. 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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 29, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 |
