Abstract
Bu çalışmada, betonarme çerçeveler için pratik bir sismik güçlendirme yöntemi önerilmiştir. Bu amaçla, sonlu elemanlar analiz yazılımında (Abaqus) 8 farklı tip betonarme çerçeveye yarı statik yükleme uygulanmış ve çerçeveler yanal olarak 45mm itilmiştir. Betonarme çerçevelerin içindeki dolgu duvarları güçlendirmek için yüksek mukavemetli, fiber takviyeli, hafif beton paneller kullanılmıştır. Duvarlara panelleri uygulamak için epoksi bağlayıcı ve poliüretan bağlayıcı kullanılmış ve davranışları karşılaştırılmıştır. Abaqus ile yapılan sayısal analize göre panel kullanımı tüm çerçevenin yanal yük kapasitesini artırmıştır. En kötü durumda, güçlendirilmiş çerçeve, geleneksel tuğla dolgulu çerçevenin kapasitesinin yaklaşık 2 katını taşımıştır. En iyi durumda, betonarme çerçeve, geleneksel tuğla dolgulu çerçevenin taşıdığı yanal yükün 4,29 katını taşımıştır. Poliüretan bağlayıcı, panellerin duvarlardan ayrılmasını engellemiş ve büyük kaymalarda bile çerçevelere sünek bir davranış sağlamıştır.
Keywords
Betonarme Çerçeve Nümerik Analiz Abaqus Poliüretan bağlayıcı Epoksi Beton Panel Güçlendirme
References
- 1. Özkaynak, H., Sürmeli, M., & Yüksel, E. (2016). A capacity curve model for confined clay brick infills. Bull Earthquake Engineering 14(3), 889–918. [CrossRef ]
- 2. Baran, M., Canbay, E., & Tankut, T. (2010). Beton panellerle güçlendirme - kuramsal yaklaşım. Teknik Dergi, 21(101), 4959-4978.
- 3. Kwiecien, A. (2013). Highly deformable polymers for repair and strengthening of cracked masonry structures. International Journal of Engineering Technology, 2(1), 182-196. [CrossRef]
- 4. Koman, H. (2021). Harçsız bloklar kullanılarak yapıların deprem davranışının iyileştirilmesi. [Doc- toral dissertation].
- 5. Demir, C. (2012). Seismic behaviour of historical stone masonry. (Publication No. 501032106) [Doc- toral dissertation, Istanbul Technical University].
- 6. Santos, C. F. R., Alvarenga, R. C. S. S., Riberio, J. C. L., Castro, L. O., Silva, R. M., Santos, A. A. R., & Nalon, G. H. (2017). Numerical and experimen- tal evaluation of masonry prisms by finite element method. Ibracon Structure and Materials Journal, 10(2), 477-508. [CrossRef]
- 7. Obaidat, Y. T. (2011) Structural retrofitting of concrete beams using FRP. [Doctoral dissertation, Lund University].
- 8. Mosallam, AS, Ghabban, N, Mirnateghi, E, & Agwa, AAK. (2022). Nonlinear numerical simulation and experimental verification of bondline strength of CFRP strips embedded in concrete for NSM strengthening applications. Structural Concrete, 23, 1794–1815. [CrossRef ]
- 9. Gao, J., Sun, W., & Morino, K. (1997). Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced, high-strength, lightweight concrete. Cement and Concrete Compos- ites, 19(4), 307-313. [CrossRef]
- 10. Kwiecien, A. (2014). Shear bond of composites to brick applied highly deformable in relation to resin epoxy interface materials. Materials and Structures, 47, 2005-2020. [CrossRef]
- 11. Ksiel, P. (2018). Model approach for polymer flexible joints in precast elements joints for concrete pavements. [Doctoral dissertation, Cracow University of Technology].
- 12. Nekliudova, E.A., Semenov, A.S., Melnikov, B.E., & Semenov, S.G. (2014). Experimental research and finite element analysis of elastic and strength properties of fiberglass composite material. Magazine of Civil Engineering, 47(3), 25–39. [CrossRef]
- 13. Dassault Systems. Simula ABAQUS, Modelling frac- ture and Failure, Lecture 6. https://www.3ds.com/ products-services/simulia/training/course-descrip- tions/modeling-fracture-and-failure-with-abaqus/.
- 14. Abdulla, K. F., Cunningham, L. S., & Gillie, M. (2017). Simulating masonry behaviour using a simplified micro model approach. Engineering Structures, 151, 349-365. [CrossRef]
- 15. Viskovic, A., Zuccarino, L., Kwiecien, A., Zajac, B., Gams, M. (2017). Quick seismic protection of weak masonry infilling in filled frame structures using flexible joints. Key Engineering Materials, 747, 628- 637. [CrossRef]
- 16. Yuksel, E., Ozkaynak, H., Buyukozturk, O., Yalcin, C., Dindar, A.A., Surmeli, M., & Tastan, D. (2010). Performance of alternative CFRP retrofitting schemes used in infilled RC frames. Construction and Building Materials, 24(4), 596-609. [CrossRef]
Abstract
This study proposed a practical seismic retrofit method for RC frames. For this purpose, a quasi-static loading was applied to 8 RC frames in finite element analysis software, Abaqus, and frames were pushed 45 mm laterally. High-strength fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete panels strengthened infill walls inside the RC frames. To apply them to the walls, epoxy binder and polyurethane binder were used, and their behavior was compared. Using panels increased the lateral load capacity of the whole frame according to the numerical analysis performed with Abaqus. In the worst case, the retrofitted frame carried approximately two times the traditionally infilled frame's capacity. In the best case, the RC frame carried 4.29 times the lateral load traditionally infilled frame. Polyurethane binder prevented the separation of panels from walls and provided a ductile behavior to frames even in large drifts.
References
- 1. Özkaynak, H., Sürmeli, M., & Yüksel, E. (2016). A capacity curve model for confined clay brick infills. Bull Earthquake Engineering 14(3), 889–918. [CrossRef ]
- 2. Baran, M., Canbay, E., & Tankut, T. (2010). Beton panellerle güçlendirme - kuramsal yaklaşım. Teknik Dergi, 21(101), 4959-4978.
- 3. Kwiecien, A. (2013). Highly deformable polymers for repair and strengthening of cracked masonry structures. International Journal of Engineering Technology, 2(1), 182-196. [CrossRef]
- 4. Koman, H. (2021). Harçsız bloklar kullanılarak yapıların deprem davranışının iyileştirilmesi. [Doc- toral dissertation].
- 5. Demir, C. (2012). Seismic behaviour of historical stone masonry. (Publication No. 501032106) [Doc- toral dissertation, Istanbul Technical University].
- 6. Santos, C. F. R., Alvarenga, R. C. S. S., Riberio, J. C. L., Castro, L. O., Silva, R. M., Santos, A. A. R., & Nalon, G. H. (2017). Numerical and experimen- tal evaluation of masonry prisms by finite element method. Ibracon Structure and Materials Journal, 10(2), 477-508. [CrossRef]
- 7. Obaidat, Y. T. (2011) Structural retrofitting of concrete beams using FRP. [Doctoral dissertation, Lund University].
- 8. Mosallam, AS, Ghabban, N, Mirnateghi, E, & Agwa, AAK. (2022). Nonlinear numerical simulation and experimental verification of bondline strength of CFRP strips embedded in concrete for NSM strengthening applications. Structural Concrete, 23, 1794–1815. [CrossRef ]
- 9. Gao, J., Sun, W., & Morino, K. (1997). Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced, high-strength, lightweight concrete. Cement and Concrete Compos- ites, 19(4), 307-313. [CrossRef]
- 10. Kwiecien, A. (2014). Shear bond of composites to brick applied highly deformable in relation to resin epoxy interface materials. Materials and Structures, 47, 2005-2020. [CrossRef]
- 11. Ksiel, P. (2018). Model approach for polymer flexible joints in precast elements joints for concrete pavements. [Doctoral dissertation, Cracow University of Technology].
- 12. Nekliudova, E.A., Semenov, A.S., Melnikov, B.E., & Semenov, S.G. (2014). Experimental research and finite element analysis of elastic and strength properties of fiberglass composite material. Magazine of Civil Engineering, 47(3), 25–39. [CrossRef]
- 13. Dassault Systems. Simula ABAQUS, Modelling frac- ture and Failure, Lecture 6. https://www.3ds.com/ products-services/simulia/training/course-descrip- tions/modeling-fracture-and-failure-with-abaqus/.
- 14. Abdulla, K. F., Cunningham, L. S., & Gillie, M. (2017). Simulating masonry behaviour using a simplified micro model approach. Engineering Structures, 151, 349-365. [CrossRef]
- 15. Viskovic, A., Zuccarino, L., Kwiecien, A., Zajac, B., Gams, M. (2017). Quick seismic protection of weak masonry infilling in filled frame structures using flexible joints. Key Engineering Materials, 747, 628- 637. [CrossRef]
- 16. Yuksel, E., Ozkaynak, H., Buyukozturk, O., Yalcin, C., Dindar, A.A., Surmeli, M., & Tastan, D. (2010). Performance of alternative CFRP retrofitting schemes used in infilled RC frames. Construction and Building Materials, 24(4), 596-609. [CrossRef]
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Civil Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 8, 2023 |
| Submission Date | February 25, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | May 31, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |
Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies is open access journal under the CC BY-NC license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
Based on a work at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jscmt
E-mail: jscmt@yildiz.edu.tr