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Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?

Year 2022, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 496 - 507, 13.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.977523

Abstract

It was aimed to evaluate the relation between food safety knowledge, attitude, and behavior, with some socio-demographic factors and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted on 1647 volunteer university students (1243 females and 404 males) attending at various universities in Ankara, Turkey. The data was collected via a questionnaire applied face to face interview which consisted of totally 95 items on demographic information (15 items), food safety knowledge (40 items), food safety attitude (15 items), and food safety behavior (25 items). Weight and height of the students were measured by the researches, and BMI was calculated and evaluated using World Health Organization classification. Food safety knowledge scores (FSKS) (27.3±5.54 versus 25.1±5.64, p<0.001), food safety attitude scores (FSAS) (14.5±4.02 versus 12.6±4.36, p<0.001) and food safety behavior scores (FSBS) (14.5±4.02 versus 12.6±4.36, p<0.001) were found to be statistically higher in women than males. Total FSKS, FSAS, and FSBS were significantly higher in the students educated in the field of health compared to others. FSKS, FSAS, and FSBS of the obese group were significantly lower than normal weight and underweight groups. As BMI increased, FSKS, FSAS, and FSBS were significantly decreased (r=-0.106, p<0.001; r=-0.130, p<0.001; r=-0.095, p<0.001, respectively). The results of this study reveal the gender and BMI differences on food safety knowledge, food safety attitudes, and food safety practices, and also has shown positive impact of health education status. In order to increase food safety knowledge and to reflect this knowledge on attitudes and behaviors, it is thought that it will be beneficial to give priority to male students, students in the obese group, and students studying in the field of social and science in the trainings to be planned on the subject.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

The authors thank to all university students who agreed to participate in the present study.

References

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  • Al-Shabib, N. A., Husain, F. M., Khan, J. M. (2017). Study on food safety concerns, knowledge and practices among university students in Saudi Arabia. Food Control 73:202-208.
  • Azanaw, J., Dagne, H., Andualem, Z., Adane, T. (2021). Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of College Students, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International.
  • Bearth, A., Cousin, M. E., Siegrist, M. (2014). Poultry consumers’ behaviour, risk perception and knowledge related to campylobacteriosis and domestic food safety. Food Control 44:166-176.
  • Beaudry, K.M., Ludwa, I.A., Thomas, A.M., Ward, W.E., Falk, B., Josse, A.R. (2019). First-year university is associated with grater body weight, body composition and adverse dietary changes in males than females. PLoS ONE 14:e0218554.
  • Bernardo, G.L., Rodrigues, V.M., Bastos, B.S., Uggioni, P.L., Hauschild, D.B., Fernandes, A.C., et al. (2021). Association of personal characteristics and cooking skills with vegetable consumption frequency among university students. Appetite 166:105432
  • Burke, T., Young, I., Papadopoulos, A. (2016). Assessing food safety knowledge and preferred information sources among 19-29 year olds. Food Control 69:83-89.
  • Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Maurer, J., Wheatley, V., Cottone, E., Clancy, M. (2007). Food safety hazards lurk in the kitchens of young adults. Journal of Food Protection 70(4) 991-996.
  • Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Maurer, J., Wheatley, V., Schaffner, D., Bruhn, C., Blalock, L. (2007). Food safety self-reported behaviors and cognitions of young adults: results of a national study. Journal of Food Protection 70(8):1917-1926.
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  • Chuang, H., Thomas, M., Feng, Y. (2021). Young adult food safety knowledge gaps and perceptions of roommates’ food handling practices: A survey of university students in Indiana. Food Control 126:108055.
  • Courtney, S. M., Majowicz, S. E., Dubin, J. A. (2016). Food safety knowledge of undergraduate students at a Canadian university: results of an online survey. BMC Public Health 16:1147.
  • Endres, J., Welch, T., Perseli, T. (2001). Use of a computerized kiosk in an assessment of food safety knowledge of high school students and science teachers. Journal of Nutrition Education 33(1):37-42.
  • Farahat, M. F., El-Shafie, M. M., Waly, M. I. (2015). Food safety knowledge and practices among Saudi women. Food Control 47:427-435.
  • Ferk, C. C., Calder, B. L., Camire, M. E. (2016). Assessing the food safety knowledge of university of Maine students. Journal of Food Science Education 15(1):14-22.
  • Garayoa, R., Cordoba, M., García-Jalon, I., Sanchez-Villegas, A., and Vitas, A. I. (2005). Relationship between consumer food safety knowledge and reported behavior among students from health sciences in one region of Spain. Journal of Food Protection 68(12):2631-2636.
  • Hassan, H. F., Dimassi, H. (2014). Food safety and handling knowledge and practices of Lebanese university students. Food Control 40:127-133.
  • Havelaar, A. H., Kirk, M. D., Togerson, P. R., Gibb, H. J., Hald, T., Lake, R. J., Praet, N., Bellinger, D. C., de Silva, N. R., Gargouri, N., et al. (2015). World health organization global estimates and regional comparisons of the burden of foodborne disease in 2010. PLoS Medicine 12(12):e1001923.
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  • Kaynarca, G. B., Gümüş, T. (2020). Fermente Sucukların Fizikokimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Kalitesi Üzerine Gamma Işınlamanın Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 304-317.
  • Konyalı, S. (2019). The sugar consumption tendencies of university students: The case of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 163-172.
  • Kwol, V.S., Eluwole, K.K., Avci, T., Lasisi, T.T. (2020). Another look into the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) model for food control: An investigation of the mediating role of food handlers’ attitudes. Food Control 110:107025.
  • Lange, M., Göranzon, H., Marklinder, M. (2016). Self-reported food safety knowledge and behaviour among Home and Consumer Studies students. Food Control 67:265-272.
  • Lazou, T., Georgiadis, M., Pentieva, K., McKevitt, A., Iossifidou, E. (2012). Food safety knowledge and food-handling practices of Greek university students: a questionnaire-based survey. Food Control 28(2):400-411.
  • Lee, H. K., Halim, H. A., Thong, K., Chai, L. C. (2017). Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, Self-Reported Practices, and Microbiological Hand Hygiene of Food Handlers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14(1):55.
  • Lim, T. P., Chyea, F. Y., Sulaimana, M. R., Sukib, N. M., Lee, J. S. (2016). A structural modeling on food safety knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among Bum Bum Island community of Semporna, Sabah. Food Control 60:241-246.
  • Lin, C.-T.J., Jensen, K. L., Yen, S. T. (2005). Awareness of foodborne pathogens among US consumers. Food Quality and Preference 16:401-412.
  • Moreb, N. A., Priyadarshini, A., Aiswal, A. K. (2017). Knowledge of food safety and food handling practices amongst food handlers in the republic of Ireland. Food Control 80:341-349.
  • Marklinder, I., Ahlgren, R., Blücherc, A., Ehn Börjessond S.M., Hellkvista, F., Moazzamie, M., et al. (2020). Food safety knowledge, sources thereof and self-reported behaviour among university students in Sweden. Food Control 113:107130,
  • Martínez-González, L., Fernández, T., Molina de la Torre, A.J., Ayán, C., Bueno, A., Capelo, R., et al. (2014). Prevalence of eating disorders in Spanish university students and associated factors: Unihcos project. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 30:927-934.
  • McCarthy, M., Brennan, M., Kelly, A., Ritson, C., De Boer, M., Thompson, N. (2007). Who is at risk and what do they know? Segmenting a population on their food safety knowledge. Food Quality and Preference 18:205-217.
  • Mihalache, O.A.,, Dumitraşcu, L., Nicolau, A.I., Borda, D. (2021). Food safety knowledge, food shopping attitude and safety kitchen practices among Romanian consumers: A structural modelling approach. Food Control 120:107545.
  • Morrone, M., Rathburn, A. (2003). Health education and food safety behavior in the university setting. Journal of Environmental Health 65(7):9-15, 28.
  • Mullan, B., Wong, C., Todd, J., Davis, E., Kothe, E. J. (2015). Food hygiene knowledge in adolescents and young adults. British Food Journal 117(1):50-61.
  • Obande, D., Young, I. (2020). Safe food refrigeration knowledge, attitudes, and practices of university students. British Food Journal 122(4):1085-1098
  • Osaili, T. M., Obeidat, B. A., Abu Jamous, D. O. A., Bawadi, H. A. (2011). Food safety knowledge and practices among college female students in north of Jordan. Food Control 22:269-276.
  • Radulovic, A., Marklinder, I., Mirkovic, M., Miocinovic, J., Soja, S.J. (2021). Food safety at home: Serbian students. British Food Journal 123(11):3689-3703.
  • Rennie, D. M. (1995). Health education model and food hygiene education. Journal of Royal Social Health 115:75-79.
  • Rossi, M.D S. C., Stedefeldt, E., da Cunha, D. T., de Rosso, V.V. (2017). Food safety knowledge, optimistic bias and risk perception among food handlers in institutional food services. Food Control 73: 681-688.
  • Sanlier, N., Konaklioglu E. (2012). Food safety knowledge, attitude and food handling practices of students. British Food Journal 114(4):469-480.
  • Schwartz, N. E. (1975). Nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices of high school graduates. Journal of American Dietary Association 66:28-31.
  • Sharif, L., Al-Malki, T. (2010). Knowledge, attitude and practice of Taif University students on food poisoning. Food Control 21(1):55-60.
  • Smigic, N., Lazarov, T., Djekic, I. (2021). Does the university curriculum impact the level of students’ food safety knowledge? British Food Journal 123(2):563-576.
  • Stein, S. E., Dirks, B. P., Quinlan, J. J. (2010). Assessing and addressing safe food handling knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of college undergraduates. Journal of Food Science Education 9(2):47-52.
  • Subba Rao, G. M., Sudershan, R. V., Rao, P., Vishnu Vardhana Rao, M., Polasa, K. (2009). Focus group studies on food safety knowledge, perceptions, and practices of school-going adolescent girls in south India. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41:340-346.
  • Trifiletti, E., Crovato, S., Capozza, D., Visintin, E. P., Ravarotto, L. (2012). Evaluating the effects of a message on attitude and intention to eat raw meat: salmonellosis prevention. Journal of Food Protection 75(2):394-399.
  • Unklesbay, N., Sneed, J., Toma, R. (1998). College students' attitudes, practices, and knowledge of food safety. Journal of Food Protection 61(9):1175-1180.
  • Unusan, N. (2007). Consumer food safety knowledge and practices in the home in Turkey. Food Control 18(1):45-51.
  • Vainioa, A., Kaskela, J., Finell, E., Ollila, S., Lunden, J. (2020). Consumer perceptions raised by the food safety inspection report: Does the smiley communicate a food safety risk? Food Control 110:106976.
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Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?

Year 2022, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 496 - 507, 13.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.977523

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin gıda güvenliği bilgi düzeyi, tutum ve davranışları ile bazı sosyodemografik faktörler ve beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Ankara’daki çeşitli üniversitelerde eğitim almakta olan 1243 kız ve 404 erkek olmak üzere toplam 1647 gönüllü öğrencinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma verileri yüzyüze görüşme yöntemi ile demografik bilgiler (15 madde), gıda güvenliği bilgileri (40 madde), gıda güvenliği tutumu (15 madde) ve gıda güvenliği davranışları (25 madde) ile ilgili bilgileri içeren toplam 95 maddeden oluşan bir anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu ölçümleri araştırmacılar tarafından alınarak BKİ hesaplanmış ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü sınıflaması kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kadınlarda gıda güvenliği bilgi puanı (GGBP) (27.3±5.54 karşın 25.1±5.64, p<0.001), gıda güvenliği tutum puanı (GGTP) (14.5±4.02 karşın 12.6±4.36, p<0.001) ve gıda güvenliği davranış puanı (GGDP) (14.5±4.02 karşın 12.6±4.36, p<0.001) erkeklerden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Toplam GGBP, GGTP ve GGDP’nın sağlık alanında eğitim alan öğrencilerde diğer alanlara kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Zayıf ve normal vücut ağırlığında olanlarla karşılaştırıldığında, obez grupta yer alan öğrencilerin gıda güvenliği bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının her üçünden de aldıkları puan ortalamalarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Beden kütle indeksi arttıkça gıda güvenliği bilgi, tutum ve davranış puanlarının tümünün istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde azaldığı belirlenmiştir (sırasıyla, r=-0.106, p<0.001; r=-0.130, p<0.001; r=-0.095, p<0.001). Çalışmanın sonuçları gıda güvenliği bilgi, tutum ve davranışları üzerine cinsiyet ve BKİ farklılıklarını ortaya koyduğu gibi sağlık eğitiminin pozitif etkisini de göstermiştir. Gıda güvenliği bilgisinin arttırılması ve bu bilginin tutum ve davranışlara yansıtılması için konuyla ilgili planlanacak eğitimlerde özellikle erkekler, obez grupta olan öğrenciler ve sosyal/fen alanında eğitim alan öğrencilere öncelik verilmesinin yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Abbot, J. M., Policastro, P., Bruhn, C., Schaffner, D.W., Byrd-Bredbenner. C. (2012). Development and evaluation of a university campus-based food safety media campaign for young adults. Journal of Food Protection 75(6):1117-1124.
  • Al-Shabib, N. A., Husain, F. M., Khan, J. M. (2017). Study on food safety concerns, knowledge and practices among university students in Saudi Arabia. Food Control 73:202-208.
  • Azanaw, J., Dagne, H., Andualem, Z., Adane, T. (2021). Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of College Students, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International.
  • Bearth, A., Cousin, M. E., Siegrist, M. (2014). Poultry consumers’ behaviour, risk perception and knowledge related to campylobacteriosis and domestic food safety. Food Control 44:166-176.
  • Beaudry, K.M., Ludwa, I.A., Thomas, A.M., Ward, W.E., Falk, B., Josse, A.R. (2019). First-year university is associated with grater body weight, body composition and adverse dietary changes in males than females. PLoS ONE 14:e0218554.
  • Bernardo, G.L., Rodrigues, V.M., Bastos, B.S., Uggioni, P.L., Hauschild, D.B., Fernandes, A.C., et al. (2021). Association of personal characteristics and cooking skills with vegetable consumption frequency among university students. Appetite 166:105432
  • Burke, T., Young, I., Papadopoulos, A. (2016). Assessing food safety knowledge and preferred information sources among 19-29 year olds. Food Control 69:83-89.
  • Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Maurer, J., Wheatley, V., Cottone, E., Clancy, M. (2007). Food safety hazards lurk in the kitchens of young adults. Journal of Food Protection 70(4) 991-996.
  • Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Maurer, J., Wheatley, V., Schaffner, D., Bruhn, C., Blalock, L. (2007). Food safety self-reported behaviors and cognitions of young adults: results of a national study. Journal of Food Protection 70(8):1917-1926.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021). CDC and Food Safety, https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/cdc-and-food-safety.html, (accessed date: 23.02.2022).
  • Clayton, D. A., Griffth, C. J., Price, P., Peter, A. C. (2002). Food handler's beliefs and self-reported practices. International Journal of Environment Health Research 12:25-39.
  • Chuang, H., Thomas, M., Feng, Y. (2021). Young adult food safety knowledge gaps and perceptions of roommates’ food handling practices: A survey of university students in Indiana. Food Control 126:108055.
  • Courtney, S. M., Majowicz, S. E., Dubin, J. A. (2016). Food safety knowledge of undergraduate students at a Canadian university: results of an online survey. BMC Public Health 16:1147.
  • Endres, J., Welch, T., Perseli, T. (2001). Use of a computerized kiosk in an assessment of food safety knowledge of high school students and science teachers. Journal of Nutrition Education 33(1):37-42.
  • Farahat, M. F., El-Shafie, M. M., Waly, M. I. (2015). Food safety knowledge and practices among Saudi women. Food Control 47:427-435.
  • Ferk, C. C., Calder, B. L., Camire, M. E. (2016). Assessing the food safety knowledge of university of Maine students. Journal of Food Science Education 15(1):14-22.
  • Garayoa, R., Cordoba, M., García-Jalon, I., Sanchez-Villegas, A., and Vitas, A. I. (2005). Relationship between consumer food safety knowledge and reported behavior among students from health sciences in one region of Spain. Journal of Food Protection 68(12):2631-2636.
  • Hassan, H. F., Dimassi, H. (2014). Food safety and handling knowledge and practices of Lebanese university students. Food Control 40:127-133.
  • Havelaar, A. H., Kirk, M. D., Togerson, P. R., Gibb, H. J., Hald, T., Lake, R. J., Praet, N., Bellinger, D. C., de Silva, N. R., Gargouri, N., et al. (2015). World health organization global estimates and regional comparisons of the burden of foodborne disease in 2010. PLoS Medicine 12(12):e1001923.
  • Huang, S. Y. (1995). A study of F and B employees food sanitation knowledge, attitude and behaviour in Taiwan, Fu Jen. Journal of Human Ecology 1(1):53-71.
  • Kaynarca, G. B., Gümüş, T. (2020). Fermente Sucukların Fizikokimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Kalitesi Üzerine Gamma Işınlamanın Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 304-317.
  • Konyalı, S. (2019). The sugar consumption tendencies of university students: The case of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 163-172.
  • Kwol, V.S., Eluwole, K.K., Avci, T., Lasisi, T.T. (2020). Another look into the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) model for food control: An investigation of the mediating role of food handlers’ attitudes. Food Control 110:107025.
  • Lange, M., Göranzon, H., Marklinder, M. (2016). Self-reported food safety knowledge and behaviour among Home and Consumer Studies students. Food Control 67:265-272.
  • Lazou, T., Georgiadis, M., Pentieva, K., McKevitt, A., Iossifidou, E. (2012). Food safety knowledge and food-handling practices of Greek university students: a questionnaire-based survey. Food Control 28(2):400-411.
  • Lee, H. K., Halim, H. A., Thong, K., Chai, L. C. (2017). Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude, Self-Reported Practices, and Microbiological Hand Hygiene of Food Handlers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14(1):55.
  • Lim, T. P., Chyea, F. Y., Sulaimana, M. R., Sukib, N. M., Lee, J. S. (2016). A structural modeling on food safety knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among Bum Bum Island community of Semporna, Sabah. Food Control 60:241-246.
  • Lin, C.-T.J., Jensen, K. L., Yen, S. T. (2005). Awareness of foodborne pathogens among US consumers. Food Quality and Preference 16:401-412.
  • Moreb, N. A., Priyadarshini, A., Aiswal, A. K. (2017). Knowledge of food safety and food handling practices amongst food handlers in the republic of Ireland. Food Control 80:341-349.
  • Marklinder, I., Ahlgren, R., Blücherc, A., Ehn Börjessond S.M., Hellkvista, F., Moazzamie, M., et al. (2020). Food safety knowledge, sources thereof and self-reported behaviour among university students in Sweden. Food Control 113:107130,
  • Martínez-González, L., Fernández, T., Molina de la Torre, A.J., Ayán, C., Bueno, A., Capelo, R., et al. (2014). Prevalence of eating disorders in Spanish university students and associated factors: Unihcos project. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 30:927-934.
  • McCarthy, M., Brennan, M., Kelly, A., Ritson, C., De Boer, M., Thompson, N. (2007). Who is at risk and what do they know? Segmenting a population on their food safety knowledge. Food Quality and Preference 18:205-217.
  • Mihalache, O.A.,, Dumitraşcu, L., Nicolau, A.I., Borda, D. (2021). Food safety knowledge, food shopping attitude and safety kitchen practices among Romanian consumers: A structural modelling approach. Food Control 120:107545.
  • Morrone, M., Rathburn, A. (2003). Health education and food safety behavior in the university setting. Journal of Environmental Health 65(7):9-15, 28.
  • Mullan, B., Wong, C., Todd, J., Davis, E., Kothe, E. J. (2015). Food hygiene knowledge in adolescents and young adults. British Food Journal 117(1):50-61.
  • Obande, D., Young, I. (2020). Safe food refrigeration knowledge, attitudes, and practices of university students. British Food Journal 122(4):1085-1098
  • Osaili, T. M., Obeidat, B. A., Abu Jamous, D. O. A., Bawadi, H. A. (2011). Food safety knowledge and practices among college female students in north of Jordan. Food Control 22:269-276.
  • Radulovic, A., Marklinder, I., Mirkovic, M., Miocinovic, J., Soja, S.J. (2021). Food safety at home: Serbian students. British Food Journal 123(11):3689-3703.
  • Rennie, D. M. (1995). Health education model and food hygiene education. Journal of Royal Social Health 115:75-79.
  • Rossi, M.D S. C., Stedefeldt, E., da Cunha, D. T., de Rosso, V.V. (2017). Food safety knowledge, optimistic bias and risk perception among food handlers in institutional food services. Food Control 73: 681-688.
  • Sanlier, N., Konaklioglu E. (2012). Food safety knowledge, attitude and food handling practices of students. British Food Journal 114(4):469-480.
  • Schwartz, N. E. (1975). Nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices of high school graduates. Journal of American Dietary Association 66:28-31.
  • Sharif, L., Al-Malki, T. (2010). Knowledge, attitude and practice of Taif University students on food poisoning. Food Control 21(1):55-60.
  • Smigic, N., Lazarov, T., Djekic, I. (2021). Does the university curriculum impact the level of students’ food safety knowledge? British Food Journal 123(2):563-576.
  • Stein, S. E., Dirks, B. P., Quinlan, J. J. (2010). Assessing and addressing safe food handling knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of college undergraduates. Journal of Food Science Education 9(2):47-52.
  • Subba Rao, G. M., Sudershan, R. V., Rao, P., Vishnu Vardhana Rao, M., Polasa, K. (2009). Focus group studies on food safety knowledge, perceptions, and practices of school-going adolescent girls in south India. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41:340-346.
  • Trifiletti, E., Crovato, S., Capozza, D., Visintin, E. P., Ravarotto, L. (2012). Evaluating the effects of a message on attitude and intention to eat raw meat: salmonellosis prevention. Journal of Food Protection 75(2):394-399.
  • Unklesbay, N., Sneed, J., Toma, R. (1998). College students' attitudes, practices, and knowledge of food safety. Journal of Food Protection 61(9):1175-1180.
  • Unusan, N. (2007). Consumer food safety knowledge and practices in the home in Turkey. Food Control 18(1):45-51.
  • Vainioa, A., Kaskela, J., Finell, E., Ollila, S., Lunden, J. (2020). Consumer perceptions raised by the food safety inspection report: Does the smiley communicate a food safety risk? Food Control 110:106976.
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Semra Navruz Varlı 0000-0002-0698-6021

Saniye Bilici 0000-0002-1235-0329

Project Number Yok
Early Pub Date September 13, 2022
Publication Date September 13, 2022
Submission Date August 2, 2021
Acceptance Date March 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Navruz Varlı, S., & Bilici, S. (2022). Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(3), 496-507. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.977523
AMA Navruz Varlı S, Bilici S. Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?. JOTAF. September 2022;19(3):496-507. doi:10.33462/jotaf.977523
Chicago Navruz Varlı, Semra, and Saniye Bilici. “Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19, no. 3 (September 2022): 496-507. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.977523.
EndNote Navruz Varlı S, Bilici S (September 1, 2022) Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19 3 496–507.
IEEE S. Navruz Varlı and S. Bilici, “Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?”, JOTAF, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 496–507, 2022, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.977523.
ISNAD Navruz Varlı, Semra - Bilici, Saniye. “Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19/3 (September 2022), 496-507. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.977523.
JAMA Navruz Varlı S, Bilici S. Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?. JOTAF. 2022;19:496–507.
MLA Navruz Varlı, Semra and Saniye Bilici. “Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 3, 2022, pp. 496-07, doi:10.33462/jotaf.977523.
Vancouver Navruz Varlı S, Bilici S. Do the Sociodemographic Factors and Body Mass Index Have an Impact on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices?. JOTAF. 2022;19(3):496-507.