Investigation of Nutrition Behavior, Oral Health and Presence of Salivary P.gingivalis and Bifidobacterium Species of School Children in Istanbul
Abstract
Objectives: One of the most important environmental factors affecting oral-dental health is nutrition. This study aimed to investigate the relation of Body Mass Index (BMI) and dietary habits to the oral-dental health of children, and the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bifidobacterium species in saliva.
Methods: One-hundred-thirty children between the ages of 9-14 were included in the study. Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/Surfaces (DMFT, DMFS) of permanent, and decayed and filled teeth/surfaces (dft, dfs) of primary teeth were recorded, and plaque (PI) and gingival (GI) indexes were also assessed. Anthropometric measurements and food records were taken, and saliva samples were analyzed microbiologically.
Results: A negative correlation between BMI, dft, and dfs scores was found, a positive correlation between oral-dental health parameters (p<0.05). A positive correlation was also found between the visiting frequency of children to dentists and GI. Mutual interactions between PI and GI, DMFT and DMFS, a strong interaction between dft and dfs indexes was observed. Saliva Bifidobacterium sp. was significantly related to dft, dfs indexes. BMI, Bifidobacterium sp., DMFT, DMFS scores increased with age. None of the children had Porphyromonas gingivalis in saliva, while 3.1% had Bifidobacterium sp.. A positive correlation occurred with bread consumption, whereas a negative correlation occurred in grain consumption with a comparison of the DMFS index (p<0.05). Sugar intake was positively correlated; total dietary fiber intake was negatively correlated with PI (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Besides age-related results, oral-dental health parameters were also affected by daily diet content and nutritional habits of schoolchildren.
References
- Beighton D, Adamson A, Rugg-Gunn A. Associations between dietary intake, dental caries experience and salivary bacterial levels in 12-year-old English schoolchildren. Arch. Oral Biol. 1996;41(3):271-80, doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(96)84555-9.
- Bimstein E, Sapir S, Houri‐Haddad Y, Dibart S, Van Dyke TE, Shapira L. The relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis infection and local and systemic factors in children. J Periodontol. 2004;75(10), 1371-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.10.1371.
- Cinar AB, Murtomaa H. Interrelation between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among Turkish school children. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15(2),177-84, doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0368-z.
- Hayashi F, Okada M, Oda Y, Kojima T, Kozai K. Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA genotypes in Japanese children. J Oral Sci. 2012;54(1):77-83, doi: 10.2334/josnusd.54.77.
- Hooley M, Skouteris H, Millar L. The relationship between childhood weight, dental caries and eating practices in children aged 4–8 years in Australia, 2004–2008. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7(6):461-70, doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00072.x.
- Jamelli SR, Rodrigues CS, de Lira PIC. Nutritional status and prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old children at public schools: a case-control study. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2010;8(1).
- Jäsberg H, Söderling E, Endo A, Beighton D, Haukioja A. Bifidobacteria inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis but not of Streptococcus mutans in an in vitro biofilm model. Eur J Oral Sci. 2016;124(3):251-8, doi: 10.1111/eos.12266.
- Kesim S, Çiçek B, Aral CA, Öztürk A, Mazıcıoğlu MM, Kurtoğlu S. Oral health, obesity status and nutritional habits in Turkish children and adolescents: an epidemiological study. Balk Med J. 2016;33(2):164, doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.16699.
- Kimura S, Ooshima T, Takiguchi M, Sasaki Y, Amano A, Morisaki I, et al. Periodontopathic bacterial infection in childhood. J Periodontol. 2002;73(1):20-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.1.20.
- Köksal E, Karaçil M. Relationship between sugar consumption and body mass index among school aged children. Firat Med J. 2014;19(3),151-5.
- Köksal E, Tekçiçek M, Yalçin SS, TugruI B, Yalçin S, Pekcan G. Association between anthropometric measurements and dental caries in Turkish school children. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2011;19(3):147, doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3648,
- Laine M, Tolvanen M, Pienihäkkinen K, Söderling E, Niinikoski H, Simell O, et al. The effect of dietary intervention on paraffin-stimulated saliva and dental health of children participating in a randomized controlled trial. Arch Oral Biol. 2014;59(2):217-25, doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.013.
- Li LW, Wong HM, Sun L, Wen YF, McGrath CP. Anthropometric measurements and periodontal diseases in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(6):828-41, doi: 10.3945/an.115.010017
- Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Periodontol. 1967;38(6);610-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.1967.38.6.610.
- Markovic D, Ristic‐Medic D, Vucic V, Mitrovic G, Nikolic Ivosevic J, Peric T, et al. Association between being overweight and oral health in Serbian schoolchildren. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2015;25(6):409-17, doi: 10.1111/ipd.12147.
- Marro F, De Smedt S, Rajasekharan S, Martens L, Bottenberg P, Jacquet W. Associations between obesity, dental caries, erosive tooth wear and periodontal disease in adolescents: a case–control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020;1-10, doi: 10.1007/s40368-020-00534-w.
- Ministry of Health. Turkey Nutrition Guide. Ankara: Ministry of Health Publications; 2019.
- Modéer T, Blomberg C, Wondimu B, Lindberg TY, Marcus C. Association between obesity and periodontal risk indicators in adolescents. Int J Pediatr Obes. 6(sup3), 2011;264-70, doi: 10.3109/17477166.2010.495779.
- Moynihan PJ. The role of diet and nutrition in the etiology and prevention of oral diseases. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:694-9.
- Okada M, Hayashi F, Nagasaka N. Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in dental plaque samples from children 2 to 12 years of age. J Clin Periodontol. 2000;27(10):763-8, doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027010763.x
- Peker K, Bermek G. Diş Çürüklerinin Etyolojisinde ve Önlenmesinde Fermente Olabilen Karbonhidratların Önemi (The Importance of Fermentable Carbohydrates in the Etiology and Prevention of Dental Caries). J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2008;42(3-4):1-9.
- Peng S, McGrath C, Wong H, King N. The relationship between oral hygiene status and obesity among preschool children in Hong Kong. Int J Dent Hyg. 2014;12(1):62-6, doi: 10.1111/idh.12029.
- Polat GG, Cehreli SB, Taşçılar ME, Akgün ÖM, Altun C, Özgen İT. The oral health status of healthy and obese children in a Turkish population: a cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2012;42(6):970-6, doi:10.3906/sag-1202-82.
- Valdez RMA, Dos Santos VR, Caiaffa KS, Danelon M, Arthur RA, de Cássia Negrini T, et al. Comparative in vitro investigation of the cariogenic potential of bifidobacteria. Arch Oral Biol. 2016;71:97-103, doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.005.
ISTANBUL’DA OKUL ÇAĞINDAKI ÇOCUKLARIN BESLENME DAVRANIŞI, AĞIZ SAĞLIĞI ILE TÜKÜRÜKTE P. GINGIVALIS VE BIFIDOBACTERIUM TÜRLERI VARLIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Abstract
Amaç: Ağız ve diş sağlığını etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden bir tanesi beslenmedir. Bu çalışmada çocuklarda vücüt kitle endeksi ve beslenme davranışının ağız-diş sağlığı ile tükürütkte Porphyromonas gingivalis ve Bifidobacterium varlığı üzerine etkilerini araştırma amaçlanmıştır
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 9-14 yaş arası 130 çocuk ile yapılmıştır. Kalıcı dişlerde çürük, kayıp ve dolgulu diş/yüzey (DMFT, DMFS) parametreleri, geçici dişlerde çürük ve dolgulu diş/yüzey (dft, dfs) parametreleri kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca plak endeksi (PI) ve gingival endeks (GI) ölçülmüştür. Antropoetik ölçümler ve gıda tüketimi kaydedilmiş ve mikrobiyolojik analiz için tükürük örnekleri alınmıştır.
Bulgular: BMI, dft ve dfs parametreleri arasında negatif bir korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Ağız-diş sağlığı parametreleri arasında pozitif korelasyon vardır (p<0.05). Aynı zamanda dişhekimmini ziyaret sıklığı ile GI arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. PI, GI, DMFT ve arasında karşılıklı etkileşim varken, dft ve dfs endeksleri arasında güçlü bir etkileşim görülmüştür. Bifidobacterium sp. Sonuçları anlamlı şekilde dft ve dfs ile bağlıntılıdır. BMI, Bifidobacterium sp., DMFT ve DMFS endeksleri yaş ile artmıştır. Porphyromonas gingivalis ise tükrük örneklerinde tespit edilmemiştir. Bifidobacterium sp.. %3.1 oranında tespit edilmiştir. DMFS endeksi ekmek tüketimi ile pozitif, tahıl tükeimi ile arasında anlamlı negatif korrelasyon görülmüştür (p<0.05). PI endeksi şeker tüketimi ile pozitif, lif tüketimi ile negatif korrele olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Yaşa bağlı sonuçların yanında, ağız-diş sağlığı parametreleri okul çağındaki çocukların günlük diyet içeriğinden ve beslenme alışkanlıklarından da etkilendiği görülmüştür.
References
- Beighton D, Adamson A, Rugg-Gunn A. Associations between dietary intake, dental caries experience and salivary bacterial levels in 12-year-old English schoolchildren. Arch. Oral Biol. 1996;41(3):271-80, doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(96)84555-9.
- Bimstein E, Sapir S, Houri‐Haddad Y, Dibart S, Van Dyke TE, Shapira L. The relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis infection and local and systemic factors in children. J Periodontol. 2004;75(10), 1371-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.10.1371.
- Cinar AB, Murtomaa H. Interrelation between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among Turkish school children. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15(2),177-84, doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0368-z.
- Hayashi F, Okada M, Oda Y, Kojima T, Kozai K. Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA genotypes in Japanese children. J Oral Sci. 2012;54(1):77-83, doi: 10.2334/josnusd.54.77.
- Hooley M, Skouteris H, Millar L. The relationship between childhood weight, dental caries and eating practices in children aged 4–8 years in Australia, 2004–2008. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7(6):461-70, doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00072.x.
- Jamelli SR, Rodrigues CS, de Lira PIC. Nutritional status and prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old children at public schools: a case-control study. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2010;8(1).
- Jäsberg H, Söderling E, Endo A, Beighton D, Haukioja A. Bifidobacteria inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis but not of Streptococcus mutans in an in vitro biofilm model. Eur J Oral Sci. 2016;124(3):251-8, doi: 10.1111/eos.12266.
- Kesim S, Çiçek B, Aral CA, Öztürk A, Mazıcıoğlu MM, Kurtoğlu S. Oral health, obesity status and nutritional habits in Turkish children and adolescents: an epidemiological study. Balk Med J. 2016;33(2):164, doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.16699.
- Kimura S, Ooshima T, Takiguchi M, Sasaki Y, Amano A, Morisaki I, et al. Periodontopathic bacterial infection in childhood. J Periodontol. 2002;73(1):20-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.1.20.
- Köksal E, Karaçil M. Relationship between sugar consumption and body mass index among school aged children. Firat Med J. 2014;19(3),151-5.
- Köksal E, Tekçiçek M, Yalçin SS, TugruI B, Yalçin S, Pekcan G. Association between anthropometric measurements and dental caries in Turkish school children. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2011;19(3):147, doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3648,
- Laine M, Tolvanen M, Pienihäkkinen K, Söderling E, Niinikoski H, Simell O, et al. The effect of dietary intervention on paraffin-stimulated saliva and dental health of children participating in a randomized controlled trial. Arch Oral Biol. 2014;59(2):217-25, doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.013.
- Li LW, Wong HM, Sun L, Wen YF, McGrath CP. Anthropometric measurements and periodontal diseases in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(6):828-41, doi: 10.3945/an.115.010017
- Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Periodontol. 1967;38(6);610-6, doi: 10.1902/jop.1967.38.6.610.
- Markovic D, Ristic‐Medic D, Vucic V, Mitrovic G, Nikolic Ivosevic J, Peric T, et al. Association between being overweight and oral health in Serbian schoolchildren. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2015;25(6):409-17, doi: 10.1111/ipd.12147.
- Marro F, De Smedt S, Rajasekharan S, Martens L, Bottenberg P, Jacquet W. Associations between obesity, dental caries, erosive tooth wear and periodontal disease in adolescents: a case–control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020;1-10, doi: 10.1007/s40368-020-00534-w.
- Ministry of Health. Turkey Nutrition Guide. Ankara: Ministry of Health Publications; 2019.
- Modéer T, Blomberg C, Wondimu B, Lindberg TY, Marcus C. Association between obesity and periodontal risk indicators in adolescents. Int J Pediatr Obes. 6(sup3), 2011;264-70, doi: 10.3109/17477166.2010.495779.
- Moynihan PJ. The role of diet and nutrition in the etiology and prevention of oral diseases. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:694-9.
- Okada M, Hayashi F, Nagasaka N. Detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in dental plaque samples from children 2 to 12 years of age. J Clin Periodontol. 2000;27(10):763-8, doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027010763.x
- Peker K, Bermek G. Diş Çürüklerinin Etyolojisinde ve Önlenmesinde Fermente Olabilen Karbonhidratların Önemi (The Importance of Fermentable Carbohydrates in the Etiology and Prevention of Dental Caries). J Istanb Univ Fac Dent. 2008;42(3-4):1-9.
- Peng S, McGrath C, Wong H, King N. The relationship between oral hygiene status and obesity among preschool children in Hong Kong. Int J Dent Hyg. 2014;12(1):62-6, doi: 10.1111/idh.12029.
- Polat GG, Cehreli SB, Taşçılar ME, Akgün ÖM, Altun C, Özgen İT. The oral health status of healthy and obese children in a Turkish population: a cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2012;42(6):970-6, doi:10.3906/sag-1202-82.
- Valdez RMA, Dos Santos VR, Caiaffa KS, Danelon M, Arthur RA, de Cássia Negrini T, et al. Comparative in vitro investigation of the cariogenic potential of bifidobacteria. Arch Oral Biol. 2016;71:97-103, doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.005.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2022 |
| Submission Date | May 18, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 2 Issue: 3 |
