Abstract
Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelikte distres ie prenatal bağlanma arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma ilişki arayıcı tasarımda, Erzurum ilinde bulunan kadın doğum hastenesinin Non-stress Test biriminde Mayıs-Eylül 2014 tarihleri arasında başvuran gebeler üzerinde yapıldı. Çalışmaya dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan toplam 310 gebe katıldı. Veriler, Tilburg Gebelikte Distres Ölçeği ve Prenatal Bağlanma Envanteri kullanılarak toplandı. Veriler sayı, ortalama ve yüzde olarak sunuldu. Ayrıca Pearson korelasyon analizi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi yapıldı.
Bulgular: TPDS ortalama puanı 17,48±6,98 iken PAI puanı 53,63±12,75 idi. Gebelerin %8,1'inin distres (TPDS skoru ≥28) tanısı aldığı görüldü. Prenatal bağlanma puanı sıkıntılı tanılı gebelerde 45,40±13,54, sıkıntısız tanılı gebelerde 54,35±12,45 olarak belirlendi (p=0,001).
Sonuç: Gebelerin distres düzeyleri ile prenatal bağlanma puan ortalamaları arasında ters bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Gebelerin distres puanları arttıkça doğum öncesi bağlanma puan ortalamaları azalmaktadır. Gebelik takiplerinde psikolojik değerlendirme yapılması önemlidir.
Keywords
References
- Akarsu, R.H., Tuncay, B., Alsaç, S.Y. (2017). Anne-bebek bağlanmasında kanıta dayalı uygulamalar. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(4), 275-279. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/390210
- Bödecs, T., Horváth, B., Kovács, L., Diffellné Németh, M., & Sándor, J. (2009). Prevalence of depression and anxiety in early pregnancy on a population based Hungarian sample. Orvosi Hetilap, 150(41), 1888-1893. https://doi.org/10.1556/oh.2009.28712
- Capik, A., & Pasinlioglu, T. (2015). Validity and reliability study of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale into Turkish. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 22(4), 260-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/Jpm.12211
- Chen, C. J., Chen, Y. C., Sung, H. C., Kuo, P. C., & Wang, C. H. (2011). Perinatal attachment in naturally pregnant and infertility-treated pregnant women in Taiwan. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(10), 2200-2208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05665.x
- Dereli Yılmaz , S., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2010). Gebelerin stresle başa çıkma, depresyon ve prenatal bağlanma düzeyleri ve bunları etkileyen faktörler. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 20(3), 99-108. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/132172/
- Dereli Yılmaz, S., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2013). Prenatal Bağlanma Envanteri’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 16(2), 103-109. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/29648
- Dündar, T., Özsoy, S., Aksu, H., Toptaş, B. (2019). Obstetrik özelliklerin gebelikte distres üzerine etkisi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1), 17-24. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/687754
- Falah-Hassani, K., Shiri, R., & Dennis, C. L. (2017). The prevalence of antenatal and postnatal co-morbid anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 47(12), 2041-2053. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000617
- Kwon, M. K., & Bang, K. S. (2011). Relationship of prenatal stress and depression to maternal-fetal attachment and fetal growth. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 41(2), 276-283. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.2.276
- Lindgren, K. (2001). Relationships among maternal–fetal attachment, prenatal depression, and health practices in pregnancy. Research in Nursing & Health, 24(3), 203-217. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.1023 McFarland, J., Salisbury, A. L., Battle, C. L., Hawes, K., Halloran, K., & Lester, B. M. (2011). Major depressive disorder during pregnancy and emotional attachment to the fetus. Arch Womens Ment Health, 14(5), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-011-0237-z
- Öztürk, N., Aydın, N. (2017). Anne ruh sağlığının önemi. Marmara Üniversitesi Kadın ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2, 29-36. https://doi.org/10.26695/mukatcad.2018.9
- Pop, V. J., Pommer, A. M., Pop-Purceleanu, M., Wijnen, H. A., Bergink, V., & Pouwer, F. (2011). Development of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale: The TPDS. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 11, 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-11-80
- Prost, A., Lakshminarayana, R., Nair, N., Tripathy, P., Copas, A., Mahapatra, R., . . . Costello, A. (2012). Predictors of maternal psychological distress in rural India: a cross-sectional community-based study. J Affect Disord., 138(3), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.029
- Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Sydsjö G, Haines HM, & Hildingsson I. (2015). Maternal depressive symptoms have a negative impact on prenatal attachment – findings from a Swedish community sample. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 33(2), 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2014.992009
- Topaç Tunçel, N., & Kahyaoğlu Süt, H. (2019). Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete, depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmaya etkisi. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 16(1), 9-17. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/931888
- Ustunsoz, A., Guvenc, G., Akyuz, A., & Oflaz, F. (2010). Comparison of maternal-and paternal-fetal attachment in Turkish couples. Midwifery, 26(2), e1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2009.12.006
- Walsh, J., Hepper, E. G., Bagge, S. R., Wadephul, F., & Jomeen, J. (2013). Maternal–fetal relationships and psychological health: emerging research directions. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 31(5), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2013.834311
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the distress levels of pregnant women and prenatal
attachment.
Method: It was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on pregnant women applying to Maternity Hospital Non-Stress
Test unit in Anatolia between May and September 2014. A total of 310 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria
participated in the study. Data were collected using the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS) and Prenatal Attachment
Inventory (PAI) questionnaires. The data were presented with numbers, mean, and percentages. Moreover, Pearson’s
correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were performed to analyze the data.
Statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05.
Results: While the TPDS mean score was 17.48±6.98, the mean PAI score was 53.63±12.75. It was observed that 8.1%
of pregnant women were diagnosed with distress (TPDS score ≥28). The prenatal attachment score was determined as
45.40±13.54 in pregnant women diagnosed with distress and 54.35±12.45 in women diagnosed without distress (p=0.001).
A significant correlation was found between the prenatal attachment and the distress mean scores (r= -0.245, p=0.001).
Conclusion and Suggestions: A negative and weak relationship was found between the distress levels of pregnant women
and their prenatal attachment mean score. As the distress scores increased in pregnant women, the prenatal attachment
mean scores decreased. So, it is important to determine the level of mother-infant attachment. In this context, it may be
suggestable to carry out studies involving more centers and other variables that can be affected.
Keywords
References
- Akarsu, R.H., Tuncay, B., Alsaç, S.Y. (2017). Anne-bebek bağlanmasında kanıta dayalı uygulamalar. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(4), 275-279. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/390210
- Bödecs, T., Horváth, B., Kovács, L., Diffellné Németh, M., & Sándor, J. (2009). Prevalence of depression and anxiety in early pregnancy on a population based Hungarian sample. Orvosi Hetilap, 150(41), 1888-1893. https://doi.org/10.1556/oh.2009.28712
- Capik, A., & Pasinlioglu, T. (2015). Validity and reliability study of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale into Turkish. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 22(4), 260-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/Jpm.12211
- Chen, C. J., Chen, Y. C., Sung, H. C., Kuo, P. C., & Wang, C. H. (2011). Perinatal attachment in naturally pregnant and infertility-treated pregnant women in Taiwan. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(10), 2200-2208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05665.x
- Dereli Yılmaz , S., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2010). Gebelerin stresle başa çıkma, depresyon ve prenatal bağlanma düzeyleri ve bunları etkileyen faktörler. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 20(3), 99-108. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/132172/
- Dereli Yılmaz, S., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2013). Prenatal Bağlanma Envanteri’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 16(2), 103-109. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/29648
- Dündar, T., Özsoy, S., Aksu, H., Toptaş, B. (2019). Obstetrik özelliklerin gebelikte distres üzerine etkisi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1), 17-24. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/687754
- Falah-Hassani, K., Shiri, R., & Dennis, C. L. (2017). The prevalence of antenatal and postnatal co-morbid anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 47(12), 2041-2053. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000617
- Kwon, M. K., & Bang, K. S. (2011). Relationship of prenatal stress and depression to maternal-fetal attachment and fetal growth. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 41(2), 276-283. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.2.276
- Lindgren, K. (2001). Relationships among maternal–fetal attachment, prenatal depression, and health practices in pregnancy. Research in Nursing & Health, 24(3), 203-217. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.1023 McFarland, J., Salisbury, A. L., Battle, C. L., Hawes, K., Halloran, K., & Lester, B. M. (2011). Major depressive disorder during pregnancy and emotional attachment to the fetus. Arch Womens Ment Health, 14(5), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-011-0237-z
- Öztürk, N., Aydın, N. (2017). Anne ruh sağlığının önemi. Marmara Üniversitesi Kadın ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2, 29-36. https://doi.org/10.26695/mukatcad.2018.9
- Pop, V. J., Pommer, A. M., Pop-Purceleanu, M., Wijnen, H. A., Bergink, V., & Pouwer, F. (2011). Development of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale: The TPDS. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 11, 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-11-80
- Prost, A., Lakshminarayana, R., Nair, N., Tripathy, P., Copas, A., Mahapatra, R., . . . Costello, A. (2012). Predictors of maternal psychological distress in rural India: a cross-sectional community-based study. J Affect Disord., 138(3), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.029
- Rubertsson C, Pallant JF, Sydsjö G, Haines HM, & Hildingsson I. (2015). Maternal depressive symptoms have a negative impact on prenatal attachment – findings from a Swedish community sample. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 33(2), 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2014.992009
- Topaç Tunçel, N., & Kahyaoğlu Süt, H. (2019). Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete, depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmaya etkisi. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 16(1), 9-17. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/931888
- Ustunsoz, A., Guvenc, G., Akyuz, A., & Oflaz, F. (2010). Comparison of maternal-and paternal-fetal attachment in Turkish couples. Midwifery, 26(2), e1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2009.12.006
- Walsh, J., Hepper, E. G., Bagge, S. R., Wadephul, F., & Jomeen, J. (2013). Maternal–fetal relationships and psychological health: emerging research directions. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 31(5), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2013.834311
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | August 26, 2023 |
| Publication Date | August 26, 2023 |
| Submission Date | May 16, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | July 1, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 |
Journal of General Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).