Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN SAĞLIK TURİZMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 115 - 124, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Sağlık turizmi kişilerin sağlık nedenleriyle ikamet ettikleri yerden başka bir yere seyahat etmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu turizm sayesinde, insanlar sağlık düzeylerini korumak ve yükseltmek için profesyonel hizmet sunumu olan bir otelde fiziksel bakım, diyet, sağlıklı beslenme, gevşeme ve zihinsel eğitim almaktadır. Sağlık turizmi son yıllarda daha popüler hale gelmiş ve insanların beklentilerini karşılamada önemli bir araç olarak ifade edilmeye başlamıştır. Çin'in Wuhan kentinde başlayan ve 11 Mart 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından bir pandemi olarak ilan edilen Coronavirüs (Covid-19) hastalığı, küresel etkilere ve ekonomik krizlere neden olmuştur. Sağlık turizmi de pandemi sürecinden etkilenmiştir. Enfeksiyonun yayılma riskini azaltmak için uygulanan seyahat kısıtlamaları ve seyahat yasakları seyahat, konaklama ve turizm sektöründe dünya çapında etkilere olmuştur. Bu durum uluslararası turizmi ve dünya çapında yaşanan ekonomik krizi şiddetlendirmektedir. Bu derlemede güncel bir pandemi olan Covid-19’un sağlık turizmi üzerindeki olası etkilerinin neler olacağının belirlenmesi, ülke idarecileri, sektör temsilcileri ve yöneticilerine birtakım önerilerde bulunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Yok.

Project Number

Yok.

Thanks

Yok.

References

  • Abbas, J., Wang, D., Su, Z., & Ziapour, A. (2021). The role of social media in the advent of Covid-19 pandemic: Crisis management, mental health challenges and implications. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 1917–1932. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S284313.
  • Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Zumla, A., & Memish, Z. A. (2014). Travel ımplications of emerging coronaviruses: SARS and MERS-CoV. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 12(5), 422–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.06.007.
  • Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D., & Hollingsworth, T. D. (2020). How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the Covid-19 epidemic? The Lancet, 395(10228), 931–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5.
  • Blake, A., Sinclair, M. T., & Sugiyarto, G. (2003). Quantifying the impact of foot and mouth disease on tourism and the UK economy. Tourism Economics, 9(4), 449–465. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000003322663221.
  • Collins-Kreiner, N., & Ram, Y. (2020). National tourism strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 103076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103076.
  • Dolnicar, S., & Zare, S. (2020). Covid19 and airbnb-disrupting the disruptor. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102961.
  • García-Altés, A. (2005). The development of health tourism services. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(1), 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.05.007.
  • Guan, W., Ni, Z., Hu, Y., Liang, W., Ou, C., He, J., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C., Hui, D. S. C., Du, B., Li, L., Zeng, G., Yuen, K.-Y., Chen, R., Tang, C., Wang, T., Chen, P., Xiang, J., …, & Zhong, N. (2020). Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), 382(18): 1708–1720. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Hall, C. M., Scott, D., & Gössling, S. (2020). Pandemics, transformations and tourism: Be careful what you wish for. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 577–598. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131.
  • Handszuh, H., & Waters, S. (1997). Travel and tourism patterns. In; H. Dupont & R. Steffen (Ed.). Textbook of travel medicine and health (pp. 20–26). BC Decker: Hamilton.
  • Ioannides, D., & Gyimóthy, S. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 624–632. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1763445.
  • Kördeve, M. K. (2016). Sağlık turizmine genel bir bakış ve Türkiye’nin sağlık turizmindeki yeri. Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 2(1), 51–61.
  • Kuo, H.-I., Chen, C.-C., Tseng, W.-C., Ju, L.-F., & Huang, B.-W. (2008). Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia. Tourism Management, 29(5), 917–928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.10.006.
  • Mamirkulova, G., Mi, J., Abbas, J., Mahmood, S., Mubeen, R., & Ziapour, A. (2020). New silk road infrastructure opportunities in developing tourism environment for residents better quality of life. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24, e01194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01194.
  • McLaughlin, T. (19 Şubat 2020). Coronavirus is Devastating Chinese Tourism. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/02/economy-coronavirus-myanmar-china-tourism/606715, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • Mueller, H., & Kaufmann, E. L. (2001). Wellness tourism: Market analysis of a special health tourism segment and implications for the hotel industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700101.
  • Nkengasong, J. (2020). Author correction: China’s response to a novel Coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response. Nature Medicine, 26, 310–311. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0816-5.
  • Özer, Ö., & Sonğur, C. (2012). Türkiye’nin dünya sağlık turizmindeki yeri ve ekonomik boyutu. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(7), 69–81.
  • Özsarı, S. H., & Karatana, Ö. (2013). Sağlık turizmi açısından Türkiye’nin durumu. Kartal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi, 24(2), 136–144. https://doi.org/10.5505/jkartaltr.2013.69335.
  • Rather, R. A. (2021). Demystifying the effects of perceived risk and fear on customer engagement, co-creation and revisit intention during Covid-19: A protection motivation theory approach. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 20, 100564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100564.
  • Ritchie, B. W., & Jiang, Y. (2019). A review of research on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management: Launching the annals of tourism research curated collection on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, 102812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102812.
  • Rosselló, J., Santana-Gallego, M., & Awan, W. (2017). Infectious disease risk and international tourism demand. Health Policy and Planning, 32(4), 538–548. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw177.
  • Thinakorn, N., Hanefeld, J., & Smith, R. (2016). Medical tourism in Thailand: A coss-sectional study. Bull World Health Organ, 94, 30–36. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.152165.
  • World Health Organization. (19 Ağustos 2021). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int/, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • World Tourism Organization. (2020). Impact Assessment of the Covid-19 Outbreak on International Tourism. https://www.unwto.org/impact-assessment-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-international-tourism, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • Wut, T. M., Xu, J. B., & Wong, S.-M. (2021). Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism Management, 85, 104307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104307.
  • Yang, Y., Zhang, H., & Chen, X. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102913.
  • Zeng, B., Carter, R. W., & De Lacy, T. (2005). Short-term perturbations and tourism effects: The case of SARS in China. Current Issues in Tourism, 8(4): 306–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500508668220.

THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON HEALTH TOURISM

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 115 - 124, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Health tourism is defined as people traveling from their place of residence to another place for health reasons. Through this tourism, people receive physical care, diet, healthy nutrition, relaxation and mental training in a hotel with professional service to maintain and improve their health levels. Health tourism has become more popular in recent years and has begun to be expressed as an important tool in meeting people's expectations. The Coronavirus (Covid-19) disease, which started in Wuhan, China and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, has caused global effects and economic crises. Health tourism has also been affected by the pandemic process. Travel restrictions and travel bans implemented to reduce the risk of spreading the infection have had worldwide impacts on the travel, accommodation and tourism industry. This situation exacerbates international tourism and the worldwide economic crisis. In this review, it is aimed to determine the possible effects of Covid-19, which is a current pandemic, on health tourism, and to make some suggestions to country administrators, sector representatives and managers.

Project Number

Yok.

References

  • Abbas, J., Wang, D., Su, Z., & Ziapour, A. (2021). The role of social media in the advent of Covid-19 pandemic: Crisis management, mental health challenges and implications. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 1917–1932. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S284313.
  • Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Zumla, A., & Memish, Z. A. (2014). Travel ımplications of emerging coronaviruses: SARS and MERS-CoV. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 12(5), 422–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.06.007.
  • Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D., & Hollingsworth, T. D. (2020). How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the Covid-19 epidemic? The Lancet, 395(10228), 931–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5.
  • Blake, A., Sinclair, M. T., & Sugiyarto, G. (2003). Quantifying the impact of foot and mouth disease on tourism and the UK economy. Tourism Economics, 9(4), 449–465. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000003322663221.
  • Collins-Kreiner, N., & Ram, Y. (2020). National tourism strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 103076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103076.
  • Dolnicar, S., & Zare, S. (2020). Covid19 and airbnb-disrupting the disruptor. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102961.
  • García-Altés, A. (2005). The development of health tourism services. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(1), 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.05.007.
  • Guan, W., Ni, Z., Hu, Y., Liang, W., Ou, C., He, J., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C., Hui, D. S. C., Du, B., Li, L., Zeng, G., Yuen, K.-Y., Chen, R., Tang, C., Wang, T., Chen, P., Xiang, J., …, & Zhong, N. (2020). Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), 382(18): 1708–1720. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
  • Hall, C. M., Scott, D., & Gössling, S. (2020). Pandemics, transformations and tourism: Be careful what you wish for. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 577–598. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131.
  • Handszuh, H., & Waters, S. (1997). Travel and tourism patterns. In; H. Dupont & R. Steffen (Ed.). Textbook of travel medicine and health (pp. 20–26). BC Decker: Hamilton.
  • Ioannides, D., & Gyimóthy, S. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 624–632. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1763445.
  • Kördeve, M. K. (2016). Sağlık turizmine genel bir bakış ve Türkiye’nin sağlık turizmindeki yeri. Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 2(1), 51–61.
  • Kuo, H.-I., Chen, C.-C., Tseng, W.-C., Ju, L.-F., & Huang, B.-W. (2008). Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia. Tourism Management, 29(5), 917–928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.10.006.
  • Mamirkulova, G., Mi, J., Abbas, J., Mahmood, S., Mubeen, R., & Ziapour, A. (2020). New silk road infrastructure opportunities in developing tourism environment for residents better quality of life. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24, e01194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01194.
  • McLaughlin, T. (19 Şubat 2020). Coronavirus is Devastating Chinese Tourism. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/02/economy-coronavirus-myanmar-china-tourism/606715, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • Mueller, H., & Kaufmann, E. L. (2001). Wellness tourism: Market analysis of a special health tourism segment and implications for the hotel industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700101.
  • Nkengasong, J. (2020). Author correction: China’s response to a novel Coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response. Nature Medicine, 26, 310–311. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0816-5.
  • Özer, Ö., & Sonğur, C. (2012). Türkiye’nin dünya sağlık turizmindeki yeri ve ekonomik boyutu. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(7), 69–81.
  • Özsarı, S. H., & Karatana, Ö. (2013). Sağlık turizmi açısından Türkiye’nin durumu. Kartal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi, 24(2), 136–144. https://doi.org/10.5505/jkartaltr.2013.69335.
  • Rather, R. A. (2021). Demystifying the effects of perceived risk and fear on customer engagement, co-creation and revisit intention during Covid-19: A protection motivation theory approach. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 20, 100564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100564.
  • Ritchie, B. W., & Jiang, Y. (2019). A review of research on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management: Launching the annals of tourism research curated collection on tourism risk, crisis and disaster management. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, 102812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102812.
  • Rosselló, J., Santana-Gallego, M., & Awan, W. (2017). Infectious disease risk and international tourism demand. Health Policy and Planning, 32(4), 538–548. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw177.
  • Thinakorn, N., Hanefeld, J., & Smith, R. (2016). Medical tourism in Thailand: A coss-sectional study. Bull World Health Organ, 94, 30–36. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.152165.
  • World Health Organization. (19 Ağustos 2021). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int/, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • World Tourism Organization. (2020). Impact Assessment of the Covid-19 Outbreak on International Tourism. https://www.unwto.org/impact-assessment-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-international-tourism, Erişim tarihi: 19 Ağustos 2021.
  • Wut, T. M., Xu, J. B., & Wong, S.-M. (2021). Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism Management, 85, 104307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104307.
  • Yang, Y., Zhang, H., & Chen, X. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102913.
  • Zeng, B., Carter, R. W., & De Lacy, T. (2005). Short-term perturbations and tourism effects: The case of SARS in China. Current Issues in Tourism, 8(4): 306–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500508668220.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Abdullah Sarman 0000-0002-5081-4593

Emine Sarman 0000-0002-4671-9315

Project Number Yok.
Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date September 2, 2021
Acceptance Date December 9, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Sarman, A., & Sarman, E. (2021). COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN SAĞLIK TURİZMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ. Journal of Applied Tourism Research, 2(2), 115-124.


20229

20220     20222         20223   20224     20225    20227        20228       24647     24720