Research Article
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Investigation of Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of Orientin and Vitexin on the Six Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains

Year 2023, Volume: 82 Issue: 2, 124 - 131, 21.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/EurJBiol.2023.1239827

Abstract

Objective: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes disease in all organs, 80% of which are in the lungs, and can sometimes spread to other organs. It can lead to death in untreated or inadequately treated patients. Treatment of tuberculosis is very difficult due to the resistance of mycobacteria to many chemicals and disinfectants, antibiotics, and chemotherapeutics, especially in immunocompromised patients (HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus); this disease is very common. Therefore, in recent years, the search for new drugs to be used to treat tuberculosis has increased worldwide. We aim to determine the effect of orientin and vitexin on M. tuberculosis strains.

Materials and Methods: In this study, the effects of orientin and vitexin against M. tuberculosis standard strains (M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. tuberculosis H37Rv) and six-clinical M. tuberculosis strains. The inoculum was prepared using a positive BACTEC“Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube” containing 7H9 Broth. Microplate Presto Blue Method and rifampicin were used as standard antibiotics in the anti-mycobacterial assay.

Results: Orientin and vitexin showed a mycobactericidal effect on tuberculosis strains depending on the concentration. Orientin and vitexin have not been tested on current clinical strains of M. tuberculosis before. In this respect, it is the first report describing the anti-mycobacterial activity of both orientin and vitexin.

Conclusion: These results indicate that orientin and vitexin may be helpful for further investigations into their role in inhibitingM. tuberculosis. They have a possibility of new anti- mycobacterial drug candidates in the near future.

Supporting Institution

Balikesir University, Scientific Research Projects Unit, Turkey.

Project Number

Grant no. 2018/173

Thanks

This study was financed by the (Grant no. 2018/173) by Balikesir University, Scientific Research Projects Unit, Turkey.

References

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  • Pang Y, Wu S, He Y, et al. Plant-derived compounds as promising therapeutics for vitiligo. Front Pharmacol. 2021; 12:685116. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.685116 google scholar
  • Sandoo A, van Zanten JJ, Metsios GS, Carroll D, Kitas GD. The endothelium and its role in regulating vascular tone. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2010; 4:302-312. google scholar
  • Li F, Zong J, Zhang H, et al. Orientin reduces myocardial infarction size via eNOS/NO signaling and thus mitigates adverse cardiac remodeling. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:926. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00926 google scholar
  • Guo D, Hu X, Zhang H, Lu C, Cui G, Luo X. Orientin and neuropathic pain in rats with spinal nerve ligation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2018;58:72-79. google scholar
  • Tian T, Zeng J, Zhao G, Zhao W, Gao S, Liu L. Neuroprotective effects of orientin on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusioninduced cell injury in primary culture of rat cortical neurons. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2018;243(1):78-86. doi:10.1177/1535370217737983 google scholar
  • Fu XC, Wang MW, Li SP, Wang HL. Anti-apoptotic effect and the mechanism of orientin on ischaemic/reperfused myocardium. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2006;8(3):265-272. google scholar
  • Lu N, Sun Y, Zheng X. Orientin-induced cardioprotection against reperfusion is associated with attenuation of mitochondrial permeability transition. Planta Med. 2011;77(10):984-991. google scholar
  • Liu L,Wu Y, Huang X. Orientin protects myocardial cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through induction of autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016;776:90-98. google scholar
  • Kim SJ, Pham TH, BakY, RyuHW, Oh SR,YoonDY. Orientin inhibits invasion by suppressingMMP-9 and IL-8 expression via the PKCα/ ERK/AP-1/STAT3-mediated signaling pathways in TPAtreated MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2018;50:35- 42. google scholar
  • Thangaraj K, Vaiyapuri M. Orientin, a C-glycosyl dietary flavone, suppresses colonic cell proliferation and mitigates NF-𝜅B mediated inflammatory response in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;96:1253- 1266. google scholar
  • Mohr-Holland E, Daniels J, Reuter A, et al. Early mortality during rifampicin-resistant TB treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2022;26(2):150-157. google scholar
  • Yoo H, Ku SK, Lee T, Bae JS. Orientin inhibits HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in HUVECs and in murine polymicrobial sepsis. Inflammation. 2014;37(5):1705-1717. google scholar
  • Wang R, Wu X, Liu L, An Y. Activity directed investigation on anti-inflammatory fractions and compounds from flowers of Trollius chinensis. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2014;27(2):285-288. google scholar
  • Xiao Q, Qu Z, Zhao Y, Yang L, Gao P. Orientin ameliorates LPSinduced inflammatory responses through the inhibitory of the NF- 𝜅B pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:2495496. doi:10.1155/2017/2495496 google scholar
  • Chen F, Zhang Q, Liu J, Gu H, Yang L. An efficient approach for the extraction of orientin and vitexin from Trollius chinensis flowers using ultrasonic circulating technique. Ultrason Sonochem. 2017;37:267-278. google scholar
  • Chen F, Zhang Q, Mo K, Fei S, Gu H, Yang L. Optimization of ionic liquid-based homogenate extraction of orientin and vitexin from the flowers of Trollius chinensis and its application on a pilot scale. Sep Purif Technol. 2017;175:147-157. google scholar
  • Taviano MF, Melchini A, Filocamo A, et al. Contribution of the glucosinolate fraction to the overall antioxidant potential, cytoprotection against oxidative insult and antimicrobial activity of Eruca sativa Mill. leaves extract. Pharmacogn Mag. 2017;13(52):738- 743. google scholar
  • Taşkın D, Taşkın T, Rayaman E. Phenolic composition and biological properties of Achillea nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek. Ind Crops Prod. 2018; 111:555-562. google scholar
  • He M, Min JW, Kong WL, He XH, Li JX, Peng BW. A review on the pharmacological effects of vitexin and isovitexin. Fitoterapia. 2016;115:74-85. google scholar
  • Han F, Guo Y, Gu H, Li F, Hu B, Yang L. Application of alkyl polyglycoside surfactant in ultrasonic-assisted extraction followed by macroporous resin enrichment for the separation of vitexin- 2-O-rhamnoside and vitexin from Crataegus pinnatifida leaves. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2016;1012- 1013:69-78. google scholar
  • Fu Y, Zu Y, Liu W, et al. Preparative separation of vitexin and isovitexin from pigeonpea extracts with macroporous resins. J Chromatogr A. 2007;1139(2):206-213. google scholar
  • Yang H, Huang J, Mao Y,Wang L, Li R, Ha C. Vitexin alleviates interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients: Involvement of HIF-1α pathway. Scand J Immunol. 2019;90(2):e12773. doi:10.1111/sji.12773 google scholar
  • Ling T, Lang W, Feng X, et al. Novel vitexin-inspired scaffold against leukemia. Eur J Med Chem. 2018; 146:501-510. google scholar
  • Chen L, Zhang B, Shan S, Zhao X. Neuroprotective effects of vitexin against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity by targeting the TRPV1 and NR2B signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep. 2016;14(6):5607-5613. google scholar
  • Wang Q, Zhang J, Ye J, Guo J. Vitexin exerts antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects on cervical cancer through VEGFA/VEGFR2 pathway. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2022;43(4):86-91. google scholar
  • Bhat A, Yadav J, Thakur K, et al. Exosomes from cervical cancer cells facilitate pro-angiogenic endothelial reconditioning through transfer of Hedgehog-GLI signaling components. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):319. doi:10.1186/s12935-021-02026-3 google scholar
  • Kim J, Lee I, Seo J, et al. Vitexin, orientin and other flavonoids from Spirodela polyrhiza inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Phytother Res. 2010;24(10):1543-1548. google scholar
  • BD, Becton, Dickinson and Company Newsletter BD (2002). Bactec MGIT 960 SIRE kit now FDA-cleared for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiology News & Ideas 13, 4-4. google scholar
  • Palaci M, Ueki SY, Sato DN, Da Silva Telles MA, Cur-cio M, Silva EA. Evaluation of mycobacteria growth indicator tube for recovery and drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from respiratory specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(3):762-764. google scholar
  • Reisner BS, Gatson AM,Woods GL. Evaluation of mycobacteria growth indicator tubes for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid and rifampin. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995;22(4):325-329. doi:10.1016/0732-8893(95)00147-7 google scholar
  • Walters SB, Hanna BA. Testing of susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid and rifampin by textit Mycobacterium growth indicator tube method. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(6):1565-1567. google scholar
  • CLSI. Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacteria, Nocardiae, and Other Aerobic Actinomycetes; Approved Standard—Second Edition. CLSI document M24-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2011. google scholar
  • Howard P, Twycross R, Grove G, Charlesworth S, Mihalyo M, Wilcock A. Rifampin (INN Rifampicin). J Pain Symptom Manage. 2015;50(6):891-895. google scholar
  • Sensi P, Margalith P, Timbal MT. Rifomycin, a new antibiotic; preliminary report. Farmaco Sci. 1959;14(2):146-147. google scholar
  • Maggi N, Pasqualucci CR, Ballotta R, Sensi P. Rifampicin: A new orally active rifamycin. Chemotherapy. 1966;11(5):285-292. google scholar
  • Wehrli W. Rifampin: Mechanisms of action and resistance. Rev Infect Dis. 1983;5(3):S407-S411 google scholar
  • Horgen L, Legrand E, RastogiN. Postantibiotic effect of amikacin, rifampin, sparfloxacin, clofazimine and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium. Res Microbiol. 1997;148(8):673-681. google scholar
  • Jesus CCM, Araújo MH, Simão TLBV, et al. Natural products from Vitex polygama and their antimycobacterial and antiinflammatory activity. Nat Prod Res. 2022;36(5):1337-1341. google scholar
  • Adamczak A, Ożarowski M, Karpiński TM. Antibacterial activity of some flavonoids and organic acids widely distributed in plants. J Clin Med. 2019;9(1):109. doi:10.3390/jcm9010109 google scholar
  • Song Z,Wang H, Ren B, Zhang B, Hashi Y, Chen S. On-line study of flavonoids of Trollius chinensis Bunge binding to DNA with ethidium bromide using a novel combination of chromatographic, mass spectrometric and fluorescence techniques. J Chromatogr A. 2013;1282:102-112. google scholar
  • Xu Y, Hu ZB, Feng SC, Fan GJ. Studies on the anti-tuberculosis principles from Lysionotus pauciflora Maxim. I. Isolation and identification of nevadensin. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1979;14(7):447- 448. google scholar
Year 2023, Volume: 82 Issue: 2, 124 - 131, 21.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/EurJBiol.2023.1239827

Abstract

Project Number

Grant no. 2018/173

References

  • World Health Organisation. WHO-2022 [Internet]. Vol. 4, Global tuberculosis report. 2557. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tbreports accessed 24 January 2023. google scholar
  • Chakaya J, Khan M, Ntoumi F, et al. Global Tuberculosis Report 2020-Reflections on the Global TB burden, treatment and prevention efforts. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;113(Suppl 1): S7-S12. google scholar
  • Mohr-Holland E, Daniels J, Reuter A, et al. Early mortality during rifampicin-resistant TB treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2022;26(2):150-157. google scholar
  • Chakaya J, Petersen E, Nantanda R, et al. The WHO Global Tuberculosis 2021 Report-not so good news and turning the tide back to End TB. Int J Infect Dis. 2022;124(1):26-29. google scholar
  • Motta I, Centis R, D’Ambrosio L, et al. Tuberculosis, COVID- 19 and migrants: Preliminary analysis of deaths occurring in 69 patients from two cohorts. Pulmonology. 2020;26(4):233-240. google scholar
  • National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2023. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5281675, Orientin. accessed 2 January 2023 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Orientin. google scholar
  • National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2023. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5280441, Vitexin. Retrieved January 12, 2023, from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vitexin. google scholar
  • Prakash V, Jaiswal N, Srivastava M. A review on medicinal properties of Centella asiatica. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2017;10(10):69. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20760 google scholar
  • Pang Y, Wu S, He Y, et al. Plant-derived compounds as promising therapeutics for vitiligo. Front Pharmacol. 2021; 12:685116. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.685116 google scholar
  • Sandoo A, van Zanten JJ, Metsios GS, Carroll D, Kitas GD. The endothelium and its role in regulating vascular tone. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2010; 4:302-312. google scholar
  • Li F, Zong J, Zhang H, et al. Orientin reduces myocardial infarction size via eNOS/NO signaling and thus mitigates adverse cardiac remodeling. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:926. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00926 google scholar
  • Guo D, Hu X, Zhang H, Lu C, Cui G, Luo X. Orientin and neuropathic pain in rats with spinal nerve ligation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2018;58:72-79. google scholar
  • Tian T, Zeng J, Zhao G, Zhao W, Gao S, Liu L. Neuroprotective effects of orientin on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusioninduced cell injury in primary culture of rat cortical neurons. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2018;243(1):78-86. doi:10.1177/1535370217737983 google scholar
  • Fu XC, Wang MW, Li SP, Wang HL. Anti-apoptotic effect and the mechanism of orientin on ischaemic/reperfused myocardium. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2006;8(3):265-272. google scholar
  • Lu N, Sun Y, Zheng X. Orientin-induced cardioprotection against reperfusion is associated with attenuation of mitochondrial permeability transition. Planta Med. 2011;77(10):984-991. google scholar
  • Liu L,Wu Y, Huang X. Orientin protects myocardial cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through induction of autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016;776:90-98. google scholar
  • Kim SJ, Pham TH, BakY, RyuHW, Oh SR,YoonDY. Orientin inhibits invasion by suppressingMMP-9 and IL-8 expression via the PKCα/ ERK/AP-1/STAT3-mediated signaling pathways in TPAtreated MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2018;50:35- 42. google scholar
  • Thangaraj K, Vaiyapuri M. Orientin, a C-glycosyl dietary flavone, suppresses colonic cell proliferation and mitigates NF-𝜅B mediated inflammatory response in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;96:1253- 1266. google scholar
  • Mohr-Holland E, Daniels J, Reuter A, et al. Early mortality during rifampicin-resistant TB treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2022;26(2):150-157. google scholar
  • Yoo H, Ku SK, Lee T, Bae JS. Orientin inhibits HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in HUVECs and in murine polymicrobial sepsis. Inflammation. 2014;37(5):1705-1717. google scholar
  • Wang R, Wu X, Liu L, An Y. Activity directed investigation on anti-inflammatory fractions and compounds from flowers of Trollius chinensis. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2014;27(2):285-288. google scholar
  • Xiao Q, Qu Z, Zhao Y, Yang L, Gao P. Orientin ameliorates LPSinduced inflammatory responses through the inhibitory of the NF- 𝜅B pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:2495496. doi:10.1155/2017/2495496 google scholar
  • Chen F, Zhang Q, Liu J, Gu H, Yang L. An efficient approach for the extraction of orientin and vitexin from Trollius chinensis flowers using ultrasonic circulating technique. Ultrason Sonochem. 2017;37:267-278. google scholar
  • Chen F, Zhang Q, Mo K, Fei S, Gu H, Yang L. Optimization of ionic liquid-based homogenate extraction of orientin and vitexin from the flowers of Trollius chinensis and its application on a pilot scale. Sep Purif Technol. 2017;175:147-157. google scholar
  • Taviano MF, Melchini A, Filocamo A, et al. Contribution of the glucosinolate fraction to the overall antioxidant potential, cytoprotection against oxidative insult and antimicrobial activity of Eruca sativa Mill. leaves extract. Pharmacogn Mag. 2017;13(52):738- 743. google scholar
  • Taşkın D, Taşkın T, Rayaman E. Phenolic composition and biological properties of Achillea nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek. Ind Crops Prod. 2018; 111:555-562. google scholar
  • He M, Min JW, Kong WL, He XH, Li JX, Peng BW. A review on the pharmacological effects of vitexin and isovitexin. Fitoterapia. 2016;115:74-85. google scholar
  • Han F, Guo Y, Gu H, Li F, Hu B, Yang L. Application of alkyl polyglycoside surfactant in ultrasonic-assisted extraction followed by macroporous resin enrichment for the separation of vitexin- 2-O-rhamnoside and vitexin from Crataegus pinnatifida leaves. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2016;1012- 1013:69-78. google scholar
  • Fu Y, Zu Y, Liu W, et al. Preparative separation of vitexin and isovitexin from pigeonpea extracts with macroporous resins. J Chromatogr A. 2007;1139(2):206-213. google scholar
  • Yang H, Huang J, Mao Y,Wang L, Li R, Ha C. Vitexin alleviates interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients: Involvement of HIF-1α pathway. Scand J Immunol. 2019;90(2):e12773. doi:10.1111/sji.12773 google scholar
  • Ling T, Lang W, Feng X, et al. Novel vitexin-inspired scaffold against leukemia. Eur J Med Chem. 2018; 146:501-510. google scholar
  • Chen L, Zhang B, Shan S, Zhao X. Neuroprotective effects of vitexin against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity by targeting the TRPV1 and NR2B signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep. 2016;14(6):5607-5613. google scholar
  • Wang Q, Zhang J, Ye J, Guo J. Vitexin exerts antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects on cervical cancer through VEGFA/VEGFR2 pathway. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2022;43(4):86-91. google scholar
  • Bhat A, Yadav J, Thakur K, et al. Exosomes from cervical cancer cells facilitate pro-angiogenic endothelial reconditioning through transfer of Hedgehog-GLI signaling components. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):319. doi:10.1186/s12935-021-02026-3 google scholar
  • Kim J, Lee I, Seo J, et al. Vitexin, orientin and other flavonoids from Spirodela polyrhiza inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Phytother Res. 2010;24(10):1543-1548. google scholar
  • BD, Becton, Dickinson and Company Newsletter BD (2002). Bactec MGIT 960 SIRE kit now FDA-cleared for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiology News & Ideas 13, 4-4. google scholar
  • Palaci M, Ueki SY, Sato DN, Da Silva Telles MA, Cur-cio M, Silva EA. Evaluation of mycobacteria growth indicator tube for recovery and drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from respiratory specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(3):762-764. google scholar
  • Reisner BS, Gatson AM,Woods GL. Evaluation of mycobacteria growth indicator tubes for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid and rifampin. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995;22(4):325-329. doi:10.1016/0732-8893(95)00147-7 google scholar
  • Walters SB, Hanna BA. Testing of susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid and rifampin by textit Mycobacterium growth indicator tube method. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(6):1565-1567. google scholar
  • CLSI. Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacteria, Nocardiae, and Other Aerobic Actinomycetes; Approved Standard—Second Edition. CLSI document M24-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2011. google scholar
  • Howard P, Twycross R, Grove G, Charlesworth S, Mihalyo M, Wilcock A. Rifampin (INN Rifampicin). J Pain Symptom Manage. 2015;50(6):891-895. google scholar
  • Sensi P, Margalith P, Timbal MT. Rifomycin, a new antibiotic; preliminary report. Farmaco Sci. 1959;14(2):146-147. google scholar
  • Maggi N, Pasqualucci CR, Ballotta R, Sensi P. Rifampicin: A new orally active rifamycin. Chemotherapy. 1966;11(5):285-292. google scholar
  • Wehrli W. Rifampin: Mechanisms of action and resistance. Rev Infect Dis. 1983;5(3):S407-S411 google scholar
  • Horgen L, Legrand E, RastogiN. Postantibiotic effect of amikacin, rifampin, sparfloxacin, clofazimine and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium. Res Microbiol. 1997;148(8):673-681. google scholar
  • Jesus CCM, Araújo MH, Simão TLBV, et al. Natural products from Vitex polygama and their antimycobacterial and antiinflammatory activity. Nat Prod Res. 2022;36(5):1337-1341. google scholar
  • Adamczak A, Ożarowski M, Karpiński TM. Antibacterial activity of some flavonoids and organic acids widely distributed in plants. J Clin Med. 2019;9(1):109. doi:10.3390/jcm9010109 google scholar
  • Song Z,Wang H, Ren B, Zhang B, Hashi Y, Chen S. On-line study of flavonoids of Trollius chinensis Bunge binding to DNA with ethidium bromide using a novel combination of chromatographic, mass spectrometric and fluorescence techniques. J Chromatogr A. 2013;1282:102-112. google scholar
  • Xu Y, Hu ZB, Feng SC, Fan GJ. Studies on the anti-tuberculosis principles from Lysionotus pauciflora Maxim. I. Isolation and identification of nevadensin. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1979;14(7):447- 448. google scholar
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tülin Aşkun 0000-0002-2700-1965

Project Number Grant no. 2018/173
Publication Date December 21, 2023
Submission Date January 20, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 82 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Aşkun T. Investigation of Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of Orientin and Vitexin on the Six Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains. Eur J Biol. December 2023;82(2):124-131. doi:10.26650/EurJBiol.2023.1239827