Theoretical Article
BibTex RIS Cite

KÜRESEL ISINMA VE İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ: BİLİMSEL UZLAŞMADAN POLİTİK AYRIŞMAYA

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 39, 1453 - 1484, 27.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.759056

Abstract

İklim bilimi literatüründe, önde gelen iklim bilimciler arasında iklim değişikliği üzerindeki bilimsel uzlaşmayı gözlemlemek mümkündür. Bilimsel alandaki uzlaşmaya ek olarak insan kaynaklı iklim değişikliğinin diğer bir tanımlayıcı niteliği, politik alandaki ayrışmadır. Politik alanda yalnızca iklim değişikliğinin negatif sonuçlarının değil, azaltım politikalarının maliyetlerinin de toplumdaki farklı kesimler tarafından yüklenileceği ve paylaşılacağı aynı derecede açıktır. İklim değişikliği, iki önemli değer arasında kalan modern dünya için büyük bir zorluk teşkil etmektedir. Bir yanda, insan kaynaklı iklim değişikliğinin yaşanmakta olduğunu ve gerekli tedbirlerin ivedilikle alınması gerektiğini işaret eden bilim bulunmaktadır. Diğer yanda ise, demokratik ilkeleri idealize eden ve varlığı ekonomik refahın sürekli olarak yükselmesine dayalı olan modern politik sistem bulunmaktadır.

References

  • Allan, Bentley B. (2017). Second Only to Nuclear War: Science and the Making of Exitential Threat in Global Climate Governance. International Studies Quarterly, 17, 809-820.
  • American Assocaiton for The Advancement of Science (AAAS) (2001). The Science of Climate Change. Science, 292(5520), 1261.
  • AAAS (2009). AAAS Reaffirms Statements on Climate Change and Integrity. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-reaffirms-statements-climate-change-and-integrity, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Archer, David (2010). The Global Carbon Cycle. Scribd Edition, Princeton&Oxford. Princeton University Press.
  • Archer, David, Stefan Rahmstorf (2010). The Climate Crisis: An Introductory Guide to Climate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Attenborough, David (2018). David Attenborough: The Collapse of the Civiliztion on the Horizon. The Guardian, 03 Aralık 2018.
  • Bodansky, Daniel (2001). The History of the Global Climate Change Regime. International Relations and Global Climate Change. Ed. By Urs Luterbacher and Detlef F. Sprinz. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Bolin, Bert (2007). A History of the Science and Policits of Climate Change: The Role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cook, John vd. (2013). Quantifying the Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming in the Scientific Literature. Environmental Research Letters, 8, 1-7.
  • Cook, John vd. (2016). Consensus on Consensus: A Synthesis of Consensus Estimates on Human-Caused Global Warming. Environmental Research Letters, 11, 1-7.
  • Daly, Herman E. (1991). Steady-State Economics. 2. Edition. Washington&California. Island Press.
  • Daly, Herman E. (2007). Ecological Economics and Sustainable Development Selected Essays of Herman Daly. Cheltenham&Northampton. Edward Elgar.
  • Doran, Peter T., Maggie Kendall Zimmerman (2009). Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change. EOS Trans American Geophysical Union, 90(3), 22-23.
  • Edwards, Paul N. (2010). A Vast Macchine: Computer Models Climate Data and The Politics of Global Warming. Cambridge&London. The MIT Press.
  • Farmer, Thomas G., John Cook (2013). Climate Change Science: A Modern Synthesis: Volume 1-The Physical Climate. Dordrecth&Heidelberg&New York&London. Springer.
  • Freeman, Sarah J., Kim S. Cameron (1993). Organızational Downsizing: A Convergence and Reorientation Framework. Organization Science, 4(1), 10-29.
  • Giddens, Anthony (2011). The Politics of Climate Change. 2. Edition Cambridge. Polity Press.
  • Gramelsberger, Gabriele, Johann Feichter (2011). Modelling the Climate System: An Overview. Climate Change and Policy. Ed by. Gabriele Gramelsberger ve Johann Feichter. Berlin, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Guha, Ramachandra (2000). Environmentalism: A Global History. New York. Longman.
  • Haas, Peter M. (1992). Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination. International Organization, 46(1), 1-35.
  • Haas, Peter M. (2000). International Institutions and Social Learning in the Management of Global Environmental Risks. Policy Studies Journal, 28(3), 558-575.
  • Hardin, Garrett (1968). Tragedy of the Commons. Science, 162, 1243-1248.
  • Haunschild, Robin, vd. (2016). Climate Change Research in View of Bibliometrics. PLoS One, 11(7), 1-19.
  • Helm, Dieter (2015). The Carbon Crunch. New Haven&London. Yale University Press.
  • Houghton, John T. (2009). Global Warming: The Complete Briefing. 4. Edition. Cambridge&New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Howe, Joshua P. (2014). Behind the Curve: Science and Politics of Global Warming. Seattle&London. University of Washington Press.
  • Hulme, Mike (2009). Why We Disagree About Climate Change: Understanding Controversy Inaction and Opportunity. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Hulme, Mike (2010). Problems with Making and Governing Global Kinds of Knowledge. Global Environmental Change, 20(4), 558-564.
  • Incropera, Frank P. (2016). Climate Change: A Wicked Problem Compexity and Uncertainty at the Intersection of Science, Economics, Politics, and Human Behaviour. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Inhofe, James (2015). Republican Senate Environment Chief Uses Snowball as Prop in Climate Rant. The Guardian, 26 Şubat 2015. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2015). CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion: Highlights. Paris. OECD/IEA.
  • IEA (2018). CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion: Highlights. Paris,. OECD/IEA.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1990), Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Sciende of Cimate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2001). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2007). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2013). Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2014).Working Group I Fact Sheet. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets /uploads/2018/03/WG1AR5_FactSheet.pdf, 08 Mart 2019.
  • IPCC (2018). Global Warming of 1.5 oC. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/ site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2018/07/SR15_SPM_version_stand_alone_LR.pdf, 03 Mart 2019.
  • IPCC (2019). IPCC About. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/about/, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Kellogg, William W. (1987). Mankind’s Impact on Climate: The Evolution of Awareness. Climatic Change, 10, 113-136.
  • Kiehl, J.T., Kevin E. Trenberth (1997). Earth’s Annual Global Mean Energy Budget. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 78(2), 197-208.
  • Klein, Naomi (2014). This Changes Everything. New York. Simon&Schuster.
  • Leiserowitz, Anthony (2006) Climate Change Risk Perception and Policy Preferences: The Role of Affect Imagery and Values. Climatic Change, 77, 45-72.
  • Meadows, Donella H. vd. (1972). The Limits to Growth: A Report for The Club of Rome’s Project on The Predicament of Mankind. New York. Universee Books.
  • Meadows, Donella H. vd. (2004). Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update. Vermont. Chelsea Green Publishing Company. Mishra, Karen E., Gretchen M. Spreitzer, Aneil K. Mishra (1998), Preserving Employee Morale During Downsizing. Sloan Management Review, 39(2), 83-95.
  • National Academy of Sciences (NAS) (1979). Report on an Ad Hoc Study Group on Carbon Dioxide and Climate. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.nap.edu/download/12181#, 11 Mart 2019.
  • Nordhaus, William (2013). The Climate Casino: Risk Uncertainty and Economics for a Warming World. New Haven&London. Yale University Press.
  • Oreskes, Naomi (2004). The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change. Science, 306,1686.
  • Oreskes, Naomi, Erik M. Conway (2010). Merchants of Doubt: How A Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming. Scribd Edition. London&Berlin&New York&Sydney. Bloomsbury.
  • Revkin, Andrew (2018). Climate Change First Became News 30 Years Ago. Why Haven’t We Fixed It? (Çevrimiçi) https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/07/embark-essay-climate-change-pollution-revkin/, 02 Mart 2019.
  • Roegen, Nicholas Georgescu (1999). The Entropy Law and The Economic Process. Cambridge&London. Harvard University Press.
  • Smil, Vaclav (1999). Energies: An Illustrated Guide to the Biosphere and Civilization. London. The MIT Press.
  • Speth, James Gustave, Peter M. Haas (2006). Global Environmental Governance. Scribd Edition. The US. Island Press.
  • Stern, Nicholas (2007). The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Study of Critical Environmental Problems (SCEP) (1970). Man’s Impact on the Global Environment. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Study of Man’s Impact on Climate (SMIC) (1971). Inadvertent Climate Modification. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Tans, Peter, Ralph Keeling (2019). Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/data.html, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK) (1983). Türkçe Sözlük. 7. Baskı. Ankara. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (1992). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. (Çevrimiçi) https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf, 03 Mart 2019.
  • UNFCCC (2019). UNFCCC eHandbook. https://unfccc.int/resource/bigpicture/dbook. (Çevrimiçi) https://unfccc.int/resource/bigpicture/, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Webster’s New World (2007). Webster’s New World College Dictionary 4. Edition. Cleveland&Ohio. Wiley Publishing Inc.
  • White, Robert M. (1979). Climate at the Millennium: Keynote Speech to the World Climate Conference. (Çevrimiçi) https://library.wmo.int/pmb_ged/wmo_537_en.pdf, 10 Mart 2019.
  • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (1979). Proceedings of the World Climate Conference: A Conference of Experts on Climate and Mankind. (Çevrimiçi) https://library.wmo.int/pmb_ged/wmo_537_en.pdf, 10 Mart 2019.
  • WMO (2018), WMO Confirms 2017 among the Three Warmest Years on Record. (Çevrimiçi) https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-confirms-2017-among-three-warmest-years-record, 13 Ağustos 2018.
Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 39, 1453 - 1484, 27.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.759056

Abstract

References

  • Allan, Bentley B. (2017). Second Only to Nuclear War: Science and the Making of Exitential Threat in Global Climate Governance. International Studies Quarterly, 17, 809-820.
  • American Assocaiton for The Advancement of Science (AAAS) (2001). The Science of Climate Change. Science, 292(5520), 1261.
  • AAAS (2009). AAAS Reaffirms Statements on Climate Change and Integrity. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-reaffirms-statements-climate-change-and-integrity, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Archer, David (2010). The Global Carbon Cycle. Scribd Edition, Princeton&Oxford. Princeton University Press.
  • Archer, David, Stefan Rahmstorf (2010). The Climate Crisis: An Introductory Guide to Climate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Attenborough, David (2018). David Attenborough: The Collapse of the Civiliztion on the Horizon. The Guardian, 03 Aralık 2018.
  • Bodansky, Daniel (2001). The History of the Global Climate Change Regime. International Relations and Global Climate Change. Ed. By Urs Luterbacher and Detlef F. Sprinz. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Bolin, Bert (2007). A History of the Science and Policits of Climate Change: The Role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cook, John vd. (2013). Quantifying the Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming in the Scientific Literature. Environmental Research Letters, 8, 1-7.
  • Cook, John vd. (2016). Consensus on Consensus: A Synthesis of Consensus Estimates on Human-Caused Global Warming. Environmental Research Letters, 11, 1-7.
  • Daly, Herman E. (1991). Steady-State Economics. 2. Edition. Washington&California. Island Press.
  • Daly, Herman E. (2007). Ecological Economics and Sustainable Development Selected Essays of Herman Daly. Cheltenham&Northampton. Edward Elgar.
  • Doran, Peter T., Maggie Kendall Zimmerman (2009). Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change. EOS Trans American Geophysical Union, 90(3), 22-23.
  • Edwards, Paul N. (2010). A Vast Macchine: Computer Models Climate Data and The Politics of Global Warming. Cambridge&London. The MIT Press.
  • Farmer, Thomas G., John Cook (2013). Climate Change Science: A Modern Synthesis: Volume 1-The Physical Climate. Dordrecth&Heidelberg&New York&London. Springer.
  • Freeman, Sarah J., Kim S. Cameron (1993). Organızational Downsizing: A Convergence and Reorientation Framework. Organization Science, 4(1), 10-29.
  • Giddens, Anthony (2011). The Politics of Climate Change. 2. Edition Cambridge. Polity Press.
  • Gramelsberger, Gabriele, Johann Feichter (2011). Modelling the Climate System: An Overview. Climate Change and Policy. Ed by. Gabriele Gramelsberger ve Johann Feichter. Berlin, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Guha, Ramachandra (2000). Environmentalism: A Global History. New York. Longman.
  • Haas, Peter M. (1992). Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination. International Organization, 46(1), 1-35.
  • Haas, Peter M. (2000). International Institutions and Social Learning in the Management of Global Environmental Risks. Policy Studies Journal, 28(3), 558-575.
  • Hardin, Garrett (1968). Tragedy of the Commons. Science, 162, 1243-1248.
  • Haunschild, Robin, vd. (2016). Climate Change Research in View of Bibliometrics. PLoS One, 11(7), 1-19.
  • Helm, Dieter (2015). The Carbon Crunch. New Haven&London. Yale University Press.
  • Houghton, John T. (2009). Global Warming: The Complete Briefing. 4. Edition. Cambridge&New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Howe, Joshua P. (2014). Behind the Curve: Science and Politics of Global Warming. Seattle&London. University of Washington Press.
  • Hulme, Mike (2009). Why We Disagree About Climate Change: Understanding Controversy Inaction and Opportunity. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Hulme, Mike (2010). Problems with Making and Governing Global Kinds of Knowledge. Global Environmental Change, 20(4), 558-564.
  • Incropera, Frank P. (2016). Climate Change: A Wicked Problem Compexity and Uncertainty at the Intersection of Science, Economics, Politics, and Human Behaviour. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • Inhofe, James (2015). Republican Senate Environment Chief Uses Snowball as Prop in Climate Rant. The Guardian, 26 Şubat 2015. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2015). CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion: Highlights. Paris. OECD/IEA.
  • IEA (2018). CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion: Highlights. Paris,. OECD/IEA.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1990), Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995: The Sciende of Cimate Change. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2001). Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2007). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2013). Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. New York. Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC (2014).Working Group I Fact Sheet. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets /uploads/2018/03/WG1AR5_FactSheet.pdf, 08 Mart 2019.
  • IPCC (2018). Global Warming of 1.5 oC. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/ site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2018/07/SR15_SPM_version_stand_alone_LR.pdf, 03 Mart 2019.
  • IPCC (2019). IPCC About. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.ipcc.ch/about/, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Kellogg, William W. (1987). Mankind’s Impact on Climate: The Evolution of Awareness. Climatic Change, 10, 113-136.
  • Kiehl, J.T., Kevin E. Trenberth (1997). Earth’s Annual Global Mean Energy Budget. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 78(2), 197-208.
  • Klein, Naomi (2014). This Changes Everything. New York. Simon&Schuster.
  • Leiserowitz, Anthony (2006) Climate Change Risk Perception and Policy Preferences: The Role of Affect Imagery and Values. Climatic Change, 77, 45-72.
  • Meadows, Donella H. vd. (1972). The Limits to Growth: A Report for The Club of Rome’s Project on The Predicament of Mankind. New York. Universee Books.
  • Meadows, Donella H. vd. (2004). Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update. Vermont. Chelsea Green Publishing Company. Mishra, Karen E., Gretchen M. Spreitzer, Aneil K. Mishra (1998), Preserving Employee Morale During Downsizing. Sloan Management Review, 39(2), 83-95.
  • National Academy of Sciences (NAS) (1979). Report on an Ad Hoc Study Group on Carbon Dioxide and Climate. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.nap.edu/download/12181#, 11 Mart 2019.
  • Nordhaus, William (2013). The Climate Casino: Risk Uncertainty and Economics for a Warming World. New Haven&London. Yale University Press.
  • Oreskes, Naomi (2004). The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change. Science, 306,1686.
  • Oreskes, Naomi, Erik M. Conway (2010). Merchants of Doubt: How A Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming. Scribd Edition. London&Berlin&New York&Sydney. Bloomsbury.
  • Revkin, Andrew (2018). Climate Change First Became News 30 Years Ago. Why Haven’t We Fixed It? (Çevrimiçi) https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/07/embark-essay-climate-change-pollution-revkin/, 02 Mart 2019.
  • Roegen, Nicholas Georgescu (1999). The Entropy Law and The Economic Process. Cambridge&London. Harvard University Press.
  • Smil, Vaclav (1999). Energies: An Illustrated Guide to the Biosphere and Civilization. London. The MIT Press.
  • Speth, James Gustave, Peter M. Haas (2006). Global Environmental Governance. Scribd Edition. The US. Island Press.
  • Stern, Nicholas (2007). The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  • Study of Critical Environmental Problems (SCEP) (1970). Man’s Impact on the Global Environment. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Study of Man’s Impact on Climate (SMIC) (1971). Inadvertent Climate Modification. Cambridge&Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
  • Tans, Peter, Ralph Keeling (2019). Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. (Çevrimiçi) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/data.html, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK) (1983). Türkçe Sözlük. 7. Baskı. Ankara. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (1992). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. (Çevrimiçi) https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf, 03 Mart 2019.
  • UNFCCC (2019). UNFCCC eHandbook. https://unfccc.int/resource/bigpicture/dbook. (Çevrimiçi) https://unfccc.int/resource/bigpicture/, 03 Mart 2019.
  • Webster’s New World (2007). Webster’s New World College Dictionary 4. Edition. Cleveland&Ohio. Wiley Publishing Inc.
  • White, Robert M. (1979). Climate at the Millennium: Keynote Speech to the World Climate Conference. (Çevrimiçi) https://library.wmo.int/pmb_ged/wmo_537_en.pdf, 10 Mart 2019.
  • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (1979). Proceedings of the World Climate Conference: A Conference of Experts on Climate and Mankind. (Çevrimiçi) https://library.wmo.int/pmb_ged/wmo_537_en.pdf, 10 Mart 2019.
  • WMO (2018), WMO Confirms 2017 among the Three Warmest Years on Record. (Çevrimiçi) https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/wmo-confirms-2017-among-three-warmest-years-record, 13 Ağustos 2018.
There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Teorik Makale
Authors

Seyhun Dogan 0000-0003-3450-0612

Ebru Doğan 0000-0003-0832-9030

Mutlu Tüzer 0000-0001-9125-2542

Publication Date December 27, 2020
Submission Date July 7, 2020
Acceptance Date November 6, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 19 Issue: 39

Cite

APA Dogan, S., Doğan, E., & Tüzer, M. (2020). KÜRESEL ISINMA VE İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ: BİLİMSEL UZLAŞMADAN POLİTİK AYRIŞMAYA. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(39), 1453-1484. https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.759056