DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS

Novruz Allahverdi

doi:10.18100/ijamec.59578

DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 22.01.2014

Novruz Allahverdi

https://doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.59578

Cited By: 14

Abstract

This paper is the survey of studies that include design processes of some fuzzy expert systems for applications in some medical area. Recent studies of us that include fuzzy expert systems that make use of fuzzy logic method were described. Some of fuzzy expert systems mentioned in this paper have been developed as first time. Followings were investigated; the risk of prostate cancer, risk of coronary heart disease, degree of child anemia, determination the level of iron deficiency anemia, diagnosis of periodontal dental disease, determination of drug dose and etc. All designed fuzzy expert systems can help in support decision process of physicians. It can be claimed that in many cases such systems can help the physicians in diagnostics, treatment of illness, patient pursuit, prediction of disease risk and etc. As can be seen from the paper accuracies ratios of the proposed FESs were find as high by doctors involved to studies. Robustness and reliabilities of the developed FESs were proved on patients by doctors. The numbers and other arguments that support our claim can be found in the paper.

Keywords

Fuzzy expert systems; Applications in medical areas; determination of illness risk

References

Allahverdi N. Some Applications of Fuzzy Logic in Medical Area, Proceedings on the 3rd International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT2009), Published by IEEE, 14-16 October 2009, Azerbaijan, Baku.
Ramesh A .N., Kambhampati C. J.R.T. Monson J.R.T. & Drew P.J. Artificial intelligence in medicine, Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, Vol. 86, Number 5, 2004, pp. 334-338.
Allahverdi N. Expert Systems. An Artificial Intelligence Application, Atlas Press, Istanbul, 2002.
Etik N., Allahverdi N., Sert I. U. and Saritas I. Fuzzy expert system design for operating room air-condition control systems, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 36, Iss. 6, 2009, pp. 9753-9758.
Tsoukalas L. H., & Uhrig R. E. Fuzzy and neural approaches in engineering, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1997.
Wakami N., Araki S. & Nomura H. Recent applications of fuzzy logic to home appliances. In Proceedings of the IECON’93.International conference on industrial electronics, Vol. 1, 1993, pp. 155–160.
Torres A. & Nieto J. J. Fuzzy Logic in Medicine and Bioinformatics, Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vol. 2006, pp. 1–7.
Abbod M. F. von Keyserlingk D. G Linkens & Mahfouf M. Survey of utilisation of fuzzy technology in Medicine and Healthcare, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 120(2), 2001, pp. 331–349.
Barro S. & Marin R. Fuzzy Logic in Medicine. Heidelberg, Germany: Physica, 2002.
Boegl K., Adlassnig K. P., Hayashi Y., Rothenfluh T. E. & Leitich H. Knowledge acquisition in the fuzzy knowledge representation framework of a medical consultation system, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. 30 (1), 2004, pp. 1–26.
Mahfouf M., Abbod M. F. & Linkens D. A. A survey of fuzzy logic monitoring and control utilisation in medicine, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 21(1–3), 2001, pp. 27–42.
Mordeson J. N., Malik D. S. & Cheng S-C. Fuzzy Mathematics in Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany, Physica, 2000.
Steimann F. On the use and usefulness of fuzzy sets in medical AI, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 21(1–3), 2001, pp.131–137.
Szczepaniak P. S., Lisoba P. J. G. & Kacprzyk J. Fuzzy Systems in Medicine. Heidelberg, Germany, Physica, 2000.
Naranjo C. A., Bremner K. E., Bazoon M. & Turksen I. B. Using fuzzy logic to predict response to citalopram in alcohol dependence, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 62(2), 1997, pp. 209–224.
Lascio L. D., Gisolfi A., Albunia A., Galardi G., & Meschi F. A fuzzy based methodology for the analysis of diabetic neuropathy, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 129(2), 2002, pp. 203–228.
Zahlmann G., Kochner B., Ugi I., et al. Hybrid fuzzy image processing for situation assessment, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 19(1), 2000, pp. 76–83.
Sproule B. A., Bazoon MShulman., K. I., Turksen I. B. & Naranjo C. A. Fuzzy logic pharmacokinetic modeling: application to lithium concentration prediction, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic, 62(1), 1997, pp. 29–40.
Stip E., Dufresne J., Boulerice B., & Elie R. Accuracy of the Pepin method to determine appropriate lithium dosages in healthy volunteers Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, 26(4), 2001, pp. 330–335.
Brandt M. E., Bohan T. P., Kramer L A. & Fletcher J. M. Estimation of CSF, white and gray matter volumes in hydrocephalic children using fuzzy clustering of MR images, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 18(1), 1994, pp. 25–34.
Lu Y., Jiang T., & Zang Y. Region growing method for the analysis of functional MRI data, NeuroImage, 20(1), 2003, pp.455–465.
Gawedal, A. E., Brier, M.E. and Zurada, J.M. Soft Computing Methods for Drug Dosing in Renal Anemia. Department of Medicine, University of Louisville; Available at page: http://www.bisc.cs.berkeley.edu/FLI
NT/FLINTCIBI/Papers/Soft Computing Methods for Drug Dosing Adam Copy1.doc, Last access: 17.03.2007.
Helgason C. .M. & Jobe T. .H. Causal interactions, fuzzy sets and cerebrovascular “accident”: the limits of evidence-based medicine and the advent of complexity-based medicine,Neuroepidemiology, 18(2), 1999, pp. 64–74.
Papageorgiou E .I., Stylios C. D., & Groumpos P. P. An integrated two-level hierarchical system for decision making in radiation therapy based on fuzzy cognitive maps, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 50(12), 2003, pp. 1326–1339.
Oshita S., Nakakimura K. & Sakabe T. Hypertension control during anesthesia. Fuzzy logic regulation of nicardipine infusion, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 13(5), 1994, pp. 667–670.
Johnson M., Firoozbakhsh K., Moniem M. & Jamshidi M. Determining flexor-tendon repair techniques via soft computing, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 20 (6), 2001, pp. 176–183.
Hassanien A. E. Intelligent data analysis of breast cancer based on rough set theory International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 12 (4), 2003, pp. 465–479.
Seker H., Odetayo M. O., Petrovic D. & Naguib R. N. A fuzzy logic based-method for prognostic decision making in breast and prostate cancers, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 7(2), 2003, pp. 114–122.
Schneider J., Peltri G. N., Bitterlich N., et al. Fuzzy logic-based tumor marker profiles including a new marker tumor M2-PK improved sensitivity to the detection of progression in lung cancer patients., Anticancer Research, 23(2A), 2003, pp. 899–906.
Belacel N. & Boulassel M. R. Multicriteria fuzzy classification procedure PROCFTN: methodology and medical application, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 141(2), 2004, pp. 203–217.
Stanley R. J., Moss R. H., Van Stoecker W. & Aggarwal C. A fuzzy based histogram analysis technique for skin lesion discrimination in dermatology clinical images, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphic,. 27(5), 2003, pp. 387–396.
Axer H., Jantzen J., Keyserlingk D.G. & Berks G. The application of fuzzy-based methods to central nerve fiber imaging, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 29(3), 2003, pp. 225–239.
Matt G. E., Turingan M. R., Dinh Q. T., Felsch J. A., Hovell M. F. & Gehrman C. Improving self-reports of drug-use: numeric estimates as fuzzy sets, Addiction, 98(9), 2003, pp. 1239–1247.
Zouridakis G., Boutros N. N. & Jansen B. H. A fuzzy clustering approach to study the auditory P50 component in schizophrenia, Psychiatry Research, 69(2-3), 1997, pp. 169–181.
Massad E., Ortega N. R., Struchiner C. J. & Burattini M.N. Fuzzy epidemics, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 29(3), 2003, pp. 241–259.
Im E. O. & Chee W. Fuzzy logic and nursing, Nursing Philosophy, 4(1), 2003, pp.53–60.
Zhu Q. M., Sun X. W. & Pipe A. G. A fuzzy controller to overcome EA accommodation, In Proceedings of IFAC conference on new technologies for computer control, Hong Kong, China. 2001, pp. 493–498.
Torres A. & Nieto J. J. Fuzzy logic and technology in medicine and psychiatry, preprint, 2004.
Rakus-Andersson E. Fuzzy and rough techniques in medical diagnosis and medication, Springer, 2007.
Seising R. Fuzzy Sets and Medicine – Historical and Epistemological Remarks, IEEE, 2007, pp.633-638.
Saritas I. Fuzzy Control in Medicine Field, Master thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2002.
Torun S. Design of a hierarchical fuzzy expert system for diagnosis and therapy of coronary heart disease risk, Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2007.
Allahverdi N., Sert I.U., Sarıtas I. and Etik N. Fuzzy expert system design for operating room’s air-condition control systems, Scientific Research Project No:06401025 supported by Selçuk University, Konya, 2007.
Kahramanli H. Developing a classification and rule extraction systems using hybrid fuzzy neural network Ph.D. Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2008.
Kahramanli H., & Allahverdi N. Rule extraction from trained adaptive neural networks using artificial immune systems, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 36, Iss. 7, 2009, pp. 1513-1522.
Allahverdi N., Altan G. A Fuzzy Expert System Design to Monitor Patient’s Condition During Hearth Surgery, International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, (CompSysTech'11) 16-17 June 2011, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
Allahverdi N., Tunali, A., Isik H., Kahramanli H. A Takagi–Sugeno Type Neuro-fuzzy Network for Determining Child Anemia, Expert System with Applications, 38, 7415-7418, 2011.
Tunali A., Simulation and Solutions of Systems with Neuro-Fuzzy and Fuzzy-Neuro Networks. Mr. Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya, 2007.
Allahverdi N and Akcan T. A Fuzzy Expert System Design for Diagnosis of Periodontal Dental Disease, Proceedings on the 5rd International (AICT2011), Published by IEEE, 12-14 October 2011, Azerbaijan, Baku, pp.175-179.
Aliev R.A., Aliev R.R. Soft Computing and its Applications, World Scientific, 2001.
Baykal, N. and Beyan. T. Fuzzy Logic. Expert Systems and Controllers, Bicaklar Kitabevi, Ankara, 2004.
Nguyen, H.T., Prasad, N.R., Walker. C.L. and Walker E.A. A First Course In Fuzzy and Neural Control, Chapman and Hall/CRC, USA, 2003.
Zadeh, L. A. Fuzzy Sets, Information and Control, 3, 1965, 338-353.
Wang L.-X. A course in fuzzy systems and control, Prentice-Hall, 1997.
Saritas I., Ozkan I. A., Allahverdi N. & Argindogan M. Determination of the drug dose by fuzzy expert system in treatment of chronic intestine inflammation, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 20, Issue 2, 2009, pp.169-176.
Allahverdi N., Torun S., I. Saritas, Design of a fuzzy expert system for determination of coronary heart disease risk, International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, (CompSysTech '07) 14-15 June 2007, Rousse University, Rousse, Bulgaria.
Yilmaz A. Design of a fuzzy expert system for determination diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia, Mr. Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya, 2012.

Original Research Paper

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 22.01.2014

Novruz Allahverdi

https://doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.59578

Cited By: 14

Abstract

References

Allahverdi N. Some Applications of Fuzzy Logic in Medical Area, Proceedings on the 3rd International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT2009), Published by IEEE, 14-16 October 2009, Azerbaijan, Baku.
Ramesh A .N., Kambhampati C. J.R.T. Monson J.R.T. & Drew P.J. Artificial intelligence in medicine, Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, Vol. 86, Number 5, 2004, pp. 334-338.
Allahverdi N. Expert Systems. An Artificial Intelligence Application, Atlas Press, Istanbul, 2002.
Etik N., Allahverdi N., Sert I. U. and Saritas I. Fuzzy expert system design for operating room air-condition control systems, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 36, Iss. 6, 2009, pp. 9753-9758.
Tsoukalas L. H., & Uhrig R. E. Fuzzy and neural approaches in engineering, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1997.
Wakami N., Araki S. & Nomura H. Recent applications of fuzzy logic to home appliances. In Proceedings of the IECON’93.International conference on industrial electronics, Vol. 1, 1993, pp. 155–160.
Torres A. & Nieto J. J. Fuzzy Logic in Medicine and Bioinformatics, Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vol. 2006, pp. 1–7.
Abbod M. F. von Keyserlingk D. G Linkens & Mahfouf M. Survey of utilisation of fuzzy technology in Medicine and Healthcare, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 120(2), 2001, pp. 331–349.
Barro S. & Marin R. Fuzzy Logic in Medicine. Heidelberg, Germany: Physica, 2002.
Boegl K., Adlassnig K. P., Hayashi Y., Rothenfluh T. E. & Leitich H. Knowledge acquisition in the fuzzy knowledge representation framework of a medical consultation system, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. 30 (1), 2004, pp. 1–26.
Mahfouf M., Abbod M. F. & Linkens D. A. A survey of fuzzy logic monitoring and control utilisation in medicine, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 21(1–3), 2001, pp. 27–42.
Mordeson J. N., Malik D. S. & Cheng S-C. Fuzzy Mathematics in Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany, Physica, 2000.
Steimann F. On the use and usefulness of fuzzy sets in medical AI, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 21(1–3), 2001, pp.131–137.
Szczepaniak P. S., Lisoba P. J. G. & Kacprzyk J. Fuzzy Systems in Medicine. Heidelberg, Germany, Physica, 2000.
Naranjo C. A., Bremner K. E., Bazoon M. & Turksen I. B. Using fuzzy logic to predict response to citalopram in alcohol dependence, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 62(2), 1997, pp. 209–224.
Lascio L. D., Gisolfi A., Albunia A., Galardi G., & Meschi F. A fuzzy based methodology for the analysis of diabetic neuropathy, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 129(2), 2002, pp. 203–228.
Zahlmann G., Kochner B., Ugi I., et al. Hybrid fuzzy image processing for situation assessment, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 19(1), 2000, pp. 76–83.
Sproule B. A., Bazoon MShulman., K. I., Turksen I. B. & Naranjo C. A. Fuzzy logic pharmacokinetic modeling: application to lithium concentration prediction, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic, 62(1), 1997, pp. 29–40.
Stip E., Dufresne J., Boulerice B., & Elie R. Accuracy of the Pepin method to determine appropriate lithium dosages in healthy volunteers Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, 26(4), 2001, pp. 330–335.
Brandt M. E., Bohan T. P., Kramer L A. & Fletcher J. M. Estimation of CSF, white and gray matter volumes in hydrocephalic children using fuzzy clustering of MR images, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 18(1), 1994, pp. 25–34.
Lu Y., Jiang T., & Zang Y. Region growing method for the analysis of functional MRI data, NeuroImage, 20(1), 2003, pp.455–465.
Gawedal, A. E., Brier, M.E. and Zurada, J.M. Soft Computing Methods for Drug Dosing in Renal Anemia. Department of Medicine, University of Louisville; Available at page: http://www.bisc.cs.berkeley.edu/FLI
NT/FLINTCIBI/Papers/Soft Computing Methods for Drug Dosing Adam Copy1.doc, Last access: 17.03.2007.
Helgason C. .M. & Jobe T. .H. Causal interactions, fuzzy sets and cerebrovascular “accident”: the limits of evidence-based medicine and the advent of complexity-based medicine,Neuroepidemiology, 18(2), 1999, pp. 64–74.
Papageorgiou E .I., Stylios C. D., & Groumpos P. P. An integrated two-level hierarchical system for decision making in radiation therapy based on fuzzy cognitive maps, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 50(12), 2003, pp. 1326–1339.
Oshita S., Nakakimura K. & Sakabe T. Hypertension control during anesthesia. Fuzzy logic regulation of nicardipine infusion, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 13(5), 1994, pp. 667–670.
Johnson M., Firoozbakhsh K., Moniem M. & Jamshidi M. Determining flexor-tendon repair techniques via soft computing, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 20 (6), 2001, pp. 176–183.
Hassanien A. E. Intelligent data analysis of breast cancer based on rough set theory International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 12 (4), 2003, pp. 465–479.
Seker H., Odetayo M. O., Petrovic D. & Naguib R. N. A fuzzy logic based-method for prognostic decision making in breast and prostate cancers, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 7(2), 2003, pp. 114–122.
Schneider J., Peltri G. N., Bitterlich N., et al. Fuzzy logic-based tumor marker profiles including a new marker tumor M2-PK improved sensitivity to the detection of progression in lung cancer patients., Anticancer Research, 23(2A), 2003, pp. 899–906.
Belacel N. & Boulassel M. R. Multicriteria fuzzy classification procedure PROCFTN: methodology and medical application, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 141(2), 2004, pp. 203–217.
Stanley R. J., Moss R. H., Van Stoecker W. & Aggarwal C. A fuzzy based histogram analysis technique for skin lesion discrimination in dermatology clinical images, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphic,. 27(5), 2003, pp. 387–396.
Axer H., Jantzen J., Keyserlingk D.G. & Berks G. The application of fuzzy-based methods to central nerve fiber imaging, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 29(3), 2003, pp. 225–239.
Matt G. E., Turingan M. R., Dinh Q. T., Felsch J. A., Hovell M. F. & Gehrman C. Improving self-reports of drug-use: numeric estimates as fuzzy sets, Addiction, 98(9), 2003, pp. 1239–1247.
Zouridakis G., Boutros N. N. & Jansen B. H. A fuzzy clustering approach to study the auditory P50 component in schizophrenia, Psychiatry Research, 69(2-3), 1997, pp. 169–181.
Massad E., Ortega N. R., Struchiner C. J. & Burattini M.N. Fuzzy epidemics, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 29(3), 2003, pp. 241–259.
Im E. O. & Chee W. Fuzzy logic and nursing, Nursing Philosophy, 4(1), 2003, pp.53–60.
Zhu Q. M., Sun X. W. & Pipe A. G. A fuzzy controller to overcome EA accommodation, In Proceedings of IFAC conference on new technologies for computer control, Hong Kong, China. 2001, pp. 493–498.
Torres A. & Nieto J. J. Fuzzy logic and technology in medicine and psychiatry, preprint, 2004.
Rakus-Andersson E. Fuzzy and rough techniques in medical diagnosis and medication, Springer, 2007.
Seising R. Fuzzy Sets and Medicine – Historical and Epistemological Remarks, IEEE, 2007, pp.633-638.
Saritas I. Fuzzy Control in Medicine Field, Master thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2002.
Torun S. Design of a hierarchical fuzzy expert system for diagnosis and therapy of coronary heart disease risk, Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2007.
Allahverdi N., Sert I.U., Sarıtas I. and Etik N. Fuzzy expert system design for operating room’s air-condition control systems, Scientific Research Project No:06401025 supported by Selçuk University, Konya, 2007.
Kahramanli H. Developing a classification and rule extraction systems using hybrid fuzzy neural network Ph.D. Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 2008.
Kahramanli H., & Allahverdi N. Rule extraction from trained adaptive neural networks using artificial immune systems, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 36, Iss. 7, 2009, pp. 1513-1522.
Allahverdi N., Altan G. A Fuzzy Expert System Design to Monitor Patient’s Condition During Hearth Surgery, International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, (CompSysTech'11) 16-17 June 2011, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
Allahverdi N., Tunali, A., Isik H., Kahramanli H. A Takagi–Sugeno Type Neuro-fuzzy Network for Determining Child Anemia, Expert System with Applications, 38, 7415-7418, 2011.
Tunali A., Simulation and Solutions of Systems with Neuro-Fuzzy and Fuzzy-Neuro Networks. Mr. Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya, 2007.
Allahverdi N and Akcan T. A Fuzzy Expert System Design for Diagnosis of Periodontal Dental Disease, Proceedings on the 5rd International (AICT2011), Published by IEEE, 12-14 October 2011, Azerbaijan, Baku, pp.175-179.
Aliev R.A., Aliev R.R. Soft Computing and its Applications, World Scientific, 2001.
Baykal, N. and Beyan. T. Fuzzy Logic. Expert Systems and Controllers, Bicaklar Kitabevi, Ankara, 2004.
Nguyen, H.T., Prasad, N.R., Walker. C.L. and Walker E.A. A First Course In Fuzzy and Neural Control, Chapman and Hall/CRC, USA, 2003.
Zadeh, L. A. Fuzzy Sets, Information and Control, 3, 1965, 338-353.
Wang L.-X. A course in fuzzy systems and control, Prentice-Hall, 1997.
Saritas I., Ozkan I. A., Allahverdi N. & Argindogan M. Determination of the drug dose by fuzzy expert system in treatment of chronic intestine inflammation, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 20, Issue 2, 2009, pp.169-176.
Allahverdi N., Torun S., I. Saritas, Design of a fuzzy expert system for determination of coronary heart disease risk, International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, (CompSysTech '07) 14-15 June 2007, Rousse University, Rousse, Bulgaria.
Yilmaz A. Design of a fuzzy expert system for determination diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia, Mr. Thesis, Selcuk University, Konya, 2012.

There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Journal Section	Review
Authors	Novruz Allahverdi
Publication Date	January 22, 2014
Published in Issue	Year 2014 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Allahverdi, N. (2014). DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers, 2(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.59578
AMA	Allahverdi N. DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers. July 2014;2(1):1-8. doi:10.18100/ijamec.59578
Chicago	Allahverdi, Novruz. “DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS”. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers 2, no. 1 (July 2014): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.59578.
EndNote	Allahverdi N (July 1, 2014) DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers 2 1 1–8.
IEEE	N. Allahverdi, “DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS”, International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2014, doi: 10.18100/ijamec.59578.
ISNAD	Allahverdi, Novruz. “DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS”. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers 2/1 (July 2014), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.59578.
JAMA	Allahverdi N. DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers. 2014;2:1–8.
MLA	Allahverdi, Novruz. “DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS”. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers, vol. 2, no. 1, 2014, pp. 1-8, doi:10.18100/ijamec.59578.
Vancouver	Allahverdi N. DESIGN OF FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SOME MEDICAL AREAS. International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers. 2014;2(1):1-8.