Yetişkin Bireylerde Yeme Davranışı ile Anksiyete, Uyku Kalitesi ve Akdeniz Diyetine Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişki
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı yetişkin bireylerde duygusal, kısıtlanmış ve dışsal yeme davranışları puanlarını tespit ederek, bireylerin anksiyete seviyeleri, uyku kaliteleri ve Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık skorları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 18-65 yaş arası bireyler araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların verileri araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan çevrimiçi anket ile uygulanan soru formu ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların genel bilgileri, Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Anketi (HYDA), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ), Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) ve Akdeniz Diyetine Bağlılık Ölçeği (MEDAS) değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %68'i (n=348) kadın, %32'si (n=164) erkek olup, yaş ortalaması 32,13±8,69 yıldır. Katılımcıların HYDA alt boyutları puan ortalamaları, duygusal yeme 30,7±15,66; kısıtlayıcı yeme 26,16±7,98; dışsal yeme 33,8±6,35 olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %46,5'inin anksiyeteli olduğu, %49,4'ünün uyku kalitesinin kötü olduğu, %77'sinin Akdeniz diyetine bağlı olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada duygusal yeme davranışı puanı arttıkça, katılımcıların anksiyete ve uyku kalitesi bozukluğu seviyesinin arttığı; kısıtlayıcı yeme davranışı puanı arttıkça, Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık seviyesinin arttığı; dışsal yeme davranışı puanı arttıkça anksiyete seviyesinin arttığı ve Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık seviyesinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Obezite ve yeme bozuklukları etiyolojisinin yeme davranışları ile ilişkilendirildiği bilinmektedir. Bireylerde yeme davranışları ve bunlarla ilişkili değiştirilebilir yaşam tarzı faktörleri değerlendirilerek yeme bozuklukları ve obezitenin önüne geçilebilir.
References
- Bozan N. Hollanda yeme davranışları anketinin Türk üniversite öğrencilerinde geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sınanması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Başkent Üniversitesi, Türkiye: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2009.
- Uğur M. Yeme bozuklukları tarihçesi. Türkiye Klinikleri. 2008;1(1):1-7.
- Erol A, Toprak G, Yazıcı F. Üniversite öğrencisi kadınlarda yeme bozukluğu ve genel psikolojik belirtileri yordayan etkenler. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2002;13(1):48-57.
- Konttinen H. Emotional eating and obesity in adults: the role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2020;79-3:283-289.
- Davis C, Bryan J, Hodgson J, Murphy K. Definition of the Mediterranean diet: A literature review. Nutrients. 2015;7:9139–9153.
- Sánchez-Villegas A, Ruíz-Canela M, Gea A, Lahortiga F, Martínez-González MA. The association between the Mediterranean lifestyle and depression. Clin. Psychol. Sci. 2016;4:1085–1093.
- Stefan L, Radman I, Podnar H, Vrgoč G. Sleep duration and sleep quality associated with dietary index in free-living very old adults. Nutrients. 2018;10:1748.
- Göncü B. 15-30 yaş aralığındaki kadınlarda emosyonel yeme, öfke ve yeme tutumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Üsküdar Üniversitesi, Türkiye: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2017.
- WHO, https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity , Erişim tarihi: 9 Haziran 2022.
- Van Strein T, Frijters J, Bergers G, Defares P. The Dutch eating behaviour questionnaire (DEBQ) for assesment of restrained, emotional and external eating behaviour. International Journal of Eating Disorder. 1986;5:295-315.
- Beck A, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer R. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–897.
- Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H, Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12:163–172.
- Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193-213.
- Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar O. Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi’nin geçerliği ve güvenirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1996;7:107-11.
- Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, et al. Cohort profile: design and methods of the PREDIMED study. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2012;41:377-85.
- Schröder H, Fito M, Estruch R, et al. A short screener is valid for assessing mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2011;141:1140-5.
- Pehlivanoglu OEF, Balcioglu H, Unluoglu I. Turkish validation and reliability of mediterranean diet adherence screener. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine. 2020;42(2):160-164.
- León-Muñoz LM, Guallar-Castillón P, Garciani A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern has declined in Spanish adults. The Journal of Nutrition. 2012;142:1843-50.
- George D, Mallery P. Using SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference (4th ed.), 2003.
- Heatherton TF, Baumeister RF. Binge eating as escape from self-awareness. Psych Bull. 1991;110:86–108
- Polivy J, Herman CP. Dieting and bingeing. A causal analysis. Am Psychol. 1985;40(2):193–201.
- Herman CP, Polivy J. Restrained eating. In: Stunkard, A.B. (Ed.), Obesity, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1980.
- Herman CP, Polivy J. External cues in the control of food intake in humans: The sensory-normative distinction. Physiol Behav. 2008;94(5):722-728.
- Van Strien T. Nederlandse Vragenlijst voor eetgedrag (NVE). Handleiding. Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, Manual, Amsterdam: Hogrefe; 2015.
- Van Strien T. Causes of emotional eating and matched treatment of obesity. Current Diabetes Reports. 2018;18(6):1-8.
- Ganley M. Emotion and eating in obesity: A review of the literature. Eating Disorders. 1989;8(3):343-361.
- Macht M, Simons G. Emotions and eating in everyday life. Appetite. 2000;35:65–71.
- Janjetic MA, Rossi ML, Acquavía C, Denevi J, Marcolini C, Torresani ME. Association between anxiety level, eating behavior, and nutritional status in adult women. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2020;39:200–205.
- Madalı B, Alkan ŞB, Örs ED, Ayrancı M, Taşkın H, Kara HH. Emotional eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021;46:264-270.
- Kalkan UY, Mataracı DD, Durgun H, Gök Uğur H. The examination of the relationship between nursing students' depression, anxiety and stress levels and restrictive, emotional, and external eating behaviors in COVID‐19 social isolation process. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2021;57(2):507-516.
- Dweck JS, Jenkins SM, Nolan LJ. The role of emotional eating and stress in the influence of short sleep on food consumption. Appetit. 2014;72:106-113.
- Du C, Adjepong M, Zan MCH, et al. Gender differences in the relationships between perceived stress, eating behaviors, sleep, dietary risk, and body mass index. Nutrients. 2022;14:1045.
- Ferreira-Pêgo C, Rodrigues J, Costa, A, Sousa B. Eating behavior: The influence of age, nutrition knowledge, and mediterranean diet. Nutrition and Health. 2020;26(4):303-309.
- Carbonneau, É, Royer MM, Richard C, et al. Effects of the mediterranean diet before and after weight loss on eating behavioral traits in men with metabolic syndrome. Nutrients. 2017;9(3):305.
The Relationship between Eating Behavior and Anxiety, Sleep Quality, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Adults
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the emotional, restricted and external eating behavior scores of healthy adult individuals and to examine the relationship between the individuals' anxiety levels, sleep quality and Mediterranean diet adherence scores.
Method: Individuals between the ages of 18-65 who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study were included. The data of the participants were collected with a questionnaire applied with an online questionnaire prepared by the researcher. General information of the participants, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS) were evaluated.
Results: The gender of 68% (n=348) of the participants was female, 32% (n=164) of the participants were male, with a mean age of 32.13±8.69 years. The participants' DEBQ sub-dimensions mean scores were determined as 30.7±15.66 for emotional eating; 26.16±7.98 for restrictive eating; 33.8±6.35 for external eating. It was observed that 46.5% of the participants were anxious, 49.4% had poor sleep quality, and 77% adhered to the Mediterranean diet. In the study, it was determined that as the emotional eating behavior score increased, the anxiety and sleep quality disorder level of the participants increased, as the restrictive eating behavior score increased, the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased, as the external eating behavior score increased, the level of anxiety increased and the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreased.
Conclusion: It is known that the etiology of obesity and eating disorders is associated with eating behaviors. Eating disorders and obesity can be prevented by evaluating eating behaviors and related changeable lifestyle factors in individuals.
References
- Bozan N. Hollanda yeme davranışları anketinin Türk üniversite öğrencilerinde geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sınanması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Başkent Üniversitesi, Türkiye: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2009.
- Uğur M. Yeme bozuklukları tarihçesi. Türkiye Klinikleri. 2008;1(1):1-7.
- Erol A, Toprak G, Yazıcı F. Üniversite öğrencisi kadınlarda yeme bozukluğu ve genel psikolojik belirtileri yordayan etkenler. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2002;13(1):48-57.
- Konttinen H. Emotional eating and obesity in adults: the role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2020;79-3:283-289.
- Davis C, Bryan J, Hodgson J, Murphy K. Definition of the Mediterranean diet: A literature review. Nutrients. 2015;7:9139–9153.
- Sánchez-Villegas A, Ruíz-Canela M, Gea A, Lahortiga F, Martínez-González MA. The association between the Mediterranean lifestyle and depression. Clin. Psychol. Sci. 2016;4:1085–1093.
- Stefan L, Radman I, Podnar H, Vrgoč G. Sleep duration and sleep quality associated with dietary index in free-living very old adults. Nutrients. 2018;10:1748.
- Göncü B. 15-30 yaş aralığındaki kadınlarda emosyonel yeme, öfke ve yeme tutumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Üsküdar Üniversitesi, Türkiye: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2017.
- WHO, https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity , Erişim tarihi: 9 Haziran 2022.
- Van Strein T, Frijters J, Bergers G, Defares P. The Dutch eating behaviour questionnaire (DEBQ) for assesment of restrained, emotional and external eating behaviour. International Journal of Eating Disorder. 1986;5:295-315.
- Beck A, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer R. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–897.
- Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H, Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12:163–172.
- Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193-213.
- Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar O. Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi’nin geçerliği ve güvenirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1996;7:107-11.
- Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, et al. Cohort profile: design and methods of the PREDIMED study. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2012;41:377-85.
- Schröder H, Fito M, Estruch R, et al. A short screener is valid for assessing mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2011;141:1140-5.
- Pehlivanoglu OEF, Balcioglu H, Unluoglu I. Turkish validation and reliability of mediterranean diet adherence screener. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine. 2020;42(2):160-164.
- León-Muñoz LM, Guallar-Castillón P, Garciani A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern has declined in Spanish adults. The Journal of Nutrition. 2012;142:1843-50.
- George D, Mallery P. Using SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference (4th ed.), 2003.
- Heatherton TF, Baumeister RF. Binge eating as escape from self-awareness. Psych Bull. 1991;110:86–108
- Polivy J, Herman CP. Dieting and bingeing. A causal analysis. Am Psychol. 1985;40(2):193–201.
- Herman CP, Polivy J. Restrained eating. In: Stunkard, A.B. (Ed.), Obesity, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1980.
- Herman CP, Polivy J. External cues in the control of food intake in humans: The sensory-normative distinction. Physiol Behav. 2008;94(5):722-728.
- Van Strien T. Nederlandse Vragenlijst voor eetgedrag (NVE). Handleiding. Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, Manual, Amsterdam: Hogrefe; 2015.
- Van Strien T. Causes of emotional eating and matched treatment of obesity. Current Diabetes Reports. 2018;18(6):1-8.
- Ganley M. Emotion and eating in obesity: A review of the literature. Eating Disorders. 1989;8(3):343-361.
- Macht M, Simons G. Emotions and eating in everyday life. Appetite. 2000;35:65–71.
- Janjetic MA, Rossi ML, Acquavía C, Denevi J, Marcolini C, Torresani ME. Association between anxiety level, eating behavior, and nutritional status in adult women. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2020;39:200–205.
- Madalı B, Alkan ŞB, Örs ED, Ayrancı M, Taşkın H, Kara HH. Emotional eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021;46:264-270.
- Kalkan UY, Mataracı DD, Durgun H, Gök Uğur H. The examination of the relationship between nursing students' depression, anxiety and stress levels and restrictive, emotional, and external eating behaviors in COVID‐19 social isolation process. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2021;57(2):507-516.
- Dweck JS, Jenkins SM, Nolan LJ. The role of emotional eating and stress in the influence of short sleep on food consumption. Appetit. 2014;72:106-113.
- Du C, Adjepong M, Zan MCH, et al. Gender differences in the relationships between perceived stress, eating behaviors, sleep, dietary risk, and body mass index. Nutrients. 2022;14:1045.
- Ferreira-Pêgo C, Rodrigues J, Costa, A, Sousa B. Eating behavior: The influence of age, nutrition knowledge, and mediterranean diet. Nutrition and Health. 2020;26(4):303-309.
- Carbonneau, É, Royer MM, Richard C, et al. Effects of the mediterranean diet before and after weight loss on eating behavioral traits in men with metabolic syndrome. Nutrients. 2017;9(3):305.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | August 31, 2023 |
| Publication Date | September 9, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | July 10, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Issue: 20 |
Cited By
Genç Kadınlarda Duygusal Yeme ile Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres İlişkisi
Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1276022
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)