Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses

Ceyda Uzun Şahin; Perihan Şimşek

doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623

Research Article

Cerrahi Hemşirelerinde Bakım Davranışları İle Öz Yeterlilik Algısı Arasındaki İlişkide Tükenmişliğin Aracı Rolünün Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 1076 - 1085, 27.09.2022

Ceyda Uzun Şahin Perihan Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmada, cerrahi hemşirelerinde bakım davranışları ile öz-yeterlilik arasındaki ilişkide tükenmişliğin aracı rolünün değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Metod: Kesitsel nitelikte olan çalışma, 205 cerrahi hemşiresinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirildi. Veriler Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği, Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Bakım davranışları ile öz yeterlilik ölçek puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (correlation coefficients ranged between 0.345-0.403; p<0,001). Tükenmişlik ölçeğinin Duygusal tükenme ve Duyarsızlaşma alt boyutları ile bakım davranışları ölçeğinden elde edilen puanlar arasında negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişki varken (p<0.05) kişisel başarı eksikliği alt boyutuyla anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05). Bakım davranışları ile öz yeterlilik arasındaki ilişkide tükenmişliğin, kişisel başarı eksikliği, duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma alt boyutlarının negatif yönlü kısmi aracı rolü olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Bakım davranışları, öz yeterlilik ile pozitif; tükenmişlik ile negatif yönlü bir ilişkiye sahiptir. Bakım davranışları ile öz yeterlilik arasındaki ilişkide kişisel başarı eksikliği, duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşmanın negatif yönlü kısmi bir aracı rolü bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

Bakım davranışları, Cerrahi hemşireleri, Öz yeterlilik algısı, Tükenmişlik

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

References

1. Jasmine, T. (2009). “Art, Science, or Both? Keeping The Care In Nursing”. The Nursing Clinics of North America, 44 (4), 415–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2009.07.003.
2. Aydın, M, and Kaşıkçı, M. (2019). “Patients’ Perceptions of Nursing Care”. Hemarge, 21 (3), 14-24.
3. Oluma, A, and Abadiga, M. (2020). “Caring Behavior and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working In Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Oromia, Southwest Ethiopia”. BMC nursing, 19 (3), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-0407-2.
4. Zulkosky, K. (2009). “Self-efficacy: A Concept Analysis”. In Nursing Forum, 44 (2), 93-102. Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
5. Kuiper, R.A, and Pesut, D.J. (2004). “Promoting Cognitive and Metacognitive Reflective Reasoning Skills In Nursing Practice: Self-Regulated Learning Theory”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 45 (4), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02921.x
6. Bambini, D, Washburn, J, and Perkins, R. (2009). “Outcomes of Clinical Simulation For Novice Nursing Students: Communication, Confidence, Clinical Judgment”. Nursing Education Perspectives, 30 (2), 79–82.
7. Kuiper, R, Murdock, N, and Grant, N. (2010). “Thinking Strategies of Baccalaureate Nursing Students Prompted By Self-Regulated Learning Strategies”. The Journal of Nursing Education, 49 (8), 429–436. https://doi.org/10.3928/0148 4834-20100430-01
8. Robb, M. (2012). “Self-Efficacy with Application To Nursing Education: A Concept Analysis". Nursing Forum, 47 (3), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6198.2012.00267.x
9. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2019). National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout: a Systems Approach to Professional Well-Being. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2019), 10.17226/25521. Chapter 2 & 3. https://www.nap.edu/read/25521/chapter/2#3.
10. Maslach, C, and Leiter, M.P. (2016). “Understanding The Burnout Experience: Recent Research And Its Implications For Psychiatry”. World Psychiatry, 15 (2), 103-111.
11. Woo, T, Ho, R, Tang, A, and Tam, W. (2020). “Global Prevalence Of Burnout Symptoms Among Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. J. Psychiatr. Res. 123 (1), 9- 20. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015.
12. Purvanova, R.K, and Muros, J.P. ( 2010). “Gender Differences İn Burnout: A Meta-Analysis”. J. Vocat. Behav. 77 (2), 168–185. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.04.006.
13. Adriaenssens, J, De Gucht, V, and Maes, S. (2015). “Determinants And Prevalence of Burnout in Emergency Nurses: A Systematic Review of 25 Years of Research”. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 52 (2), 649–661. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014. 11.004.
14. Liu, X, Zheng, J, Liu, K, Baggs, JG, Liu, J, Wu, Y, and You, L. (2018). “Hospital Nursing Organizational Factors, Nursing Care Left Undone, and Nurse Burnout As Predictors Of Patient Safety: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis”. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 86 (2), 82–89. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018. 05.005.
15. Jun, J, Ojemeni, M.M, Kalamani, R, Tong, J, and Crecelius, M,L. (2021). “Relationship Between Nurse Burnout, Patient and Organizational Outcomes: Systematic Review”. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 119, 103933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103933.
16. Basith, A, Syahputra, A, and Ichwanto, M.A. (2020). “Academic Self-Efficacy As Predictor Of Academic Achievement”. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9 (1), 163-170.
17. Akın, S, and Durna, Z. (2013). “A Comparative Descriptive Study Examining The Perceptions Of Cancer Patients, Family Caregivers, and Nurses On Patient Symptom Severity In Turkey”. Eur J Oncol Nurs 17 (1), 30-37.
18. Wolf, Z, Giardino, E, Osborne, P, and Ambrose, M. (1994). “Dimensions Of Nurse Caring”. Journal Of Nursing Scholarship, 26 (2), 107-111.
19. Gül, Ş, and Dinç, L. (2020). “Psychometric Evaluation Of The Caring Behaviours Inventory In Turkish Nurses and Patients”. Journal Of Nursing Measurement, 28 (1), 60-72. doi.org/10.1891/JNM-D-18-00094.
20. Caruso, R, Pittella, F, Zaghini, F, Fida R, and Sili, A. (2016). “Development and Validation Of The Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale”. Int Nurs Rev, 63 (3), 455–64.
21. Kacaroğlu, V.A, and Taştekin, A. (2019). “A Study Of Adaptıng The Nursıng Professıon Self-Effıcacy Scale To Turkısh”. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal, 10 (3), 504-510. https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2019.183.
22. Maslach, C. and Jackson, S.E. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. 2nd ed. Palo Alto (CA): Consulting Psychologists Press.
23. Capri, B, Gunduz, B, and Gokcakan, Z. (2009). “Adaptation of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Form (MTE-OF) to Turkish: Validity and reliability study”. Journal of Cukurova University Faculty of Education, 01 (40), 134–147.
24. Kline, R.B. (2015). “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”. Guilford Publications.
25. Zahroh, R, Qomariah, S.N, Ningsih, S.U, and Bakar, A. (2020). “Self Efficacy Associated with Nurse Caring Behavior in Nursing Services in Private Hospitals”. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24 (9), 2710-2714.
26. Dharmanegara, I.B.A, and Pradesa, H.A. (2015). “The Influence of Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence Toward Caring Behavior Among Nurses in Public Hospital Denpasar Bali”. IOSR Journal Of Nursing And Health Science Ver, 4 (2), 2320-1940.
27. Talsma, K, Schüz, B, Schwarzer, R, and Norris, K. (2018). “I Believe, Therefore I Achieve (and Vice Versa): A Meta-Analytic Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis of Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance”. Learning and Individual Differences, 61 (7), 136-150.
28. Bandura, A, and Adams, N.E. (1977). “Analysis of Self-Efficacy Theory of Behavioral Change”. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1 (4), 287-310.
29. Sunaryo, H, Nirwanto, N, and Manan, A. (2017). “The Effect of Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on Nurses‟ Burnout and Caring Behavior”. International Journal of Academic Research in Bussines and Social Sciences, 7 (12), 1211-1227.
30. Shen, A, Wang, Y, and Qiang, W. (2020). “A Multicenter Investigation Of Caring Behaviors and Burnout among Oncology Nurses in China”. Cancer Nursing, 43 (5), 246-253.
31. Mudallal, R.H, Saleh, M.Y, Al-Modallal, H.M, and Abdel-Rahman, R.Y. (2017). “Quality of Nursing Care: The Influence of Work Conditions and Burnout”. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 7 (2017), 24-30.
32. Sarafis, P, Rousaki, E, Tsounis, A, Malliarou, M, Lahana, L, Bamidis, P, Niakas, D, and Papastavrou, E. (2016). “The Impact of Occupational Stress on Nurses’ Caring Behaviors and Their Health Related Quality Of Life”. BMC Nursing, 15 (1), 1-9.
33. Başar, U. (2020). Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik Sendromu: Nedenleri, Sonuçları ve Önleyici Stratejiler. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 7 (2), 303-309.
34. Leiter, M.P. (1992). “Burn-Out As A Crisis In Self-Efficacy: Implications”. Work & Stress, 6 (2), 107-115. 35. Alidosti, M, Delaram, M, Dehgani, L, and Maleki Moghadam, M. (2016). “Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Burnout Among Nurses in Behbahan City, Iran”. Women’s Health Bulletin, 3 (4), 1-5.
36. Schunk, D.H. (1995). “Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Performance”. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 7 (2), 112-137.
37. Jun, J, Ojemeni, M.M, Kalamani, R, Tong, J, and Crecelius, M.L. (2021). “Relationship Between Nurse Burnout, Patient and Organizational Outcomes: Systematic Review”. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 119, 103933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103933.
38. Dos Santos, L,M. (2020). “Stress, Burnout, and Low Self-Efficacy of Nursing Professionals: A Qualitative Inquiry”. Healthcare, 8 (24), 424-464.
39. Ozkara, B. (2019). “An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Turkish EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Burnout Level”. Journal Of Family Counseling and Education, 4 (1), 12-24.
40. Taylan, S, Özkan, İ, and Şahin, G. (2021). “Caring Behaviors, Moral Sensitivity, and Emotional Intelligence in Intensive Care Nurses: A Descriptive Study”. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57 (2), 734-746.

Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 1076 - 1085, 27.09.2022

Ceyda Uzun Şahin Perihan Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the mediator role of burnout in the relationship between caring behaviors and self-efficacy in surgical nurses.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 205 surgical nurses. The data were collected using the Caring Behaviors Inventory, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Scale.
Results: A significant positive correlation was found between caring behaviors and self-efficacy scale scores (correlation coefficients ranged between 0.345-0.403; p<0.001). While there was a negative and significant relationship between the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization sub-dimensions of the burnout scale and the scores obtained from the caring behaviors inventory (p<0.05), no significant relationship was found in terms of the lack of personal accomplishments sub-dimension (p>0.05). In the relationship between caring behaviors and self-efficacy, the lack of personal accomplishments, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization sub-dimensions of burnout scale were found to have a negative partial mediator role.
Conclusion: Caring behaviors have a positive relationship with self-efficacy and a negative relationship with depersonalization and emotional exhaustion. Lack of personal accomplishments, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization have a negative partial mediator role in the relationship between caring behaviors and self-efficacy.

Keywords

Burnout, Caring behaviors, Self-efficacy perception, Surgical nurses

Project Number

yok

References

1. Jasmine, T. (2009). “Art, Science, or Both? Keeping The Care In Nursing”. The Nursing Clinics of North America, 44 (4), 415–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2009.07.003.
2. Aydın, M, and Kaşıkçı, M. (2019). “Patients’ Perceptions of Nursing Care”. Hemarge, 21 (3), 14-24.
3. Oluma, A, and Abadiga, M. (2020). “Caring Behavior and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working In Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Oromia, Southwest Ethiopia”. BMC nursing, 19 (3), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-0407-2.
4. Zulkosky, K. (2009). “Self-efficacy: A Concept Analysis”. In Nursing Forum, 44 (2), 93-102. Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
5. Kuiper, R.A, and Pesut, D.J. (2004). “Promoting Cognitive and Metacognitive Reflective Reasoning Skills In Nursing Practice: Self-Regulated Learning Theory”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 45 (4), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02921.x
6. Bambini, D, Washburn, J, and Perkins, R. (2009). “Outcomes of Clinical Simulation For Novice Nursing Students: Communication, Confidence, Clinical Judgment”. Nursing Education Perspectives, 30 (2), 79–82.
7. Kuiper, R, Murdock, N, and Grant, N. (2010). “Thinking Strategies of Baccalaureate Nursing Students Prompted By Self-Regulated Learning Strategies”. The Journal of Nursing Education, 49 (8), 429–436. https://doi.org/10.3928/0148 4834-20100430-01
8. Robb, M. (2012). “Self-Efficacy with Application To Nursing Education: A Concept Analysis". Nursing Forum, 47 (3), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6198.2012.00267.x
9. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2019). National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout: a Systems Approach to Professional Well-Being. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2019), 10.17226/25521. Chapter 2 & 3. https://www.nap.edu/read/25521/chapter/2#3.
10. Maslach, C, and Leiter, M.P. (2016). “Understanding The Burnout Experience: Recent Research And Its Implications For Psychiatry”. World Psychiatry, 15 (2), 103-111.
11. Woo, T, Ho, R, Tang, A, and Tam, W. (2020). “Global Prevalence Of Burnout Symptoms Among Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. J. Psychiatr. Res. 123 (1), 9- 20. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015.
12. Purvanova, R.K, and Muros, J.P. ( 2010). “Gender Differences İn Burnout: A Meta-Analysis”. J. Vocat. Behav. 77 (2), 168–185. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.04.006.
13. Adriaenssens, J, De Gucht, V, and Maes, S. (2015). “Determinants And Prevalence of Burnout in Emergency Nurses: A Systematic Review of 25 Years of Research”. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 52 (2), 649–661. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014. 11.004.
14. Liu, X, Zheng, J, Liu, K, Baggs, JG, Liu, J, Wu, Y, and You, L. (2018). “Hospital Nursing Organizational Factors, Nursing Care Left Undone, and Nurse Burnout As Predictors Of Patient Safety: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis”. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 86 (2), 82–89. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018. 05.005.
15. Jun, J, Ojemeni, M.M, Kalamani, R, Tong, J, and Crecelius, M,L. (2021). “Relationship Between Nurse Burnout, Patient and Organizational Outcomes: Systematic Review”. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 119, 103933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103933.
16. Basith, A, Syahputra, A, and Ichwanto, M.A. (2020). “Academic Self-Efficacy As Predictor Of Academic Achievement”. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9 (1), 163-170.
17. Akın, S, and Durna, Z. (2013). “A Comparative Descriptive Study Examining The Perceptions Of Cancer Patients, Family Caregivers, and Nurses On Patient Symptom Severity In Turkey”. Eur J Oncol Nurs 17 (1), 30-37.
18. Wolf, Z, Giardino, E, Osborne, P, and Ambrose, M. (1994). “Dimensions Of Nurse Caring”. Journal Of Nursing Scholarship, 26 (2), 107-111.
19. Gül, Ş, and Dinç, L. (2020). “Psychometric Evaluation Of The Caring Behaviours Inventory In Turkish Nurses and Patients”. Journal Of Nursing Measurement, 28 (1), 60-72. doi.org/10.1891/JNM-D-18-00094.
20. Caruso, R, Pittella, F, Zaghini, F, Fida R, and Sili, A. (2016). “Development and Validation Of The Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale”. Int Nurs Rev, 63 (3), 455–64.
21. Kacaroğlu, V.A, and Taştekin, A. (2019). “A Study Of Adaptıng The Nursıng Professıon Self-Effıcacy Scale To Turkısh”. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal, 10 (3), 504-510. https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2019.183.
22. Maslach, C. and Jackson, S.E. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. 2nd ed. Palo Alto (CA): Consulting Psychologists Press.
23. Capri, B, Gunduz, B, and Gokcakan, Z. (2009). “Adaptation of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Form (MTE-OF) to Turkish: Validity and reliability study”. Journal of Cukurova University Faculty of Education, 01 (40), 134–147.
24. Kline, R.B. (2015). “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”. Guilford Publications.
25. Zahroh, R, Qomariah, S.N, Ningsih, S.U, and Bakar, A. (2020). “Self Efficacy Associated with Nurse Caring Behavior in Nursing Services in Private Hospitals”. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24 (9), 2710-2714.
26. Dharmanegara, I.B.A, and Pradesa, H.A. (2015). “The Influence of Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence Toward Caring Behavior Among Nurses in Public Hospital Denpasar Bali”. IOSR Journal Of Nursing And Health Science Ver, 4 (2), 2320-1940.
27. Talsma, K, Schüz, B, Schwarzer, R, and Norris, K. (2018). “I Believe, Therefore I Achieve (and Vice Versa): A Meta-Analytic Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis of Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance”. Learning and Individual Differences, 61 (7), 136-150.
28. Bandura, A, and Adams, N.E. (1977). “Analysis of Self-Efficacy Theory of Behavioral Change”. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1 (4), 287-310.
29. Sunaryo, H, Nirwanto, N, and Manan, A. (2017). “The Effect of Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on Nurses‟ Burnout and Caring Behavior”. International Journal of Academic Research in Bussines and Social Sciences, 7 (12), 1211-1227.
30. Shen, A, Wang, Y, and Qiang, W. (2020). “A Multicenter Investigation Of Caring Behaviors and Burnout among Oncology Nurses in China”. Cancer Nursing, 43 (5), 246-253.
31. Mudallal, R.H, Saleh, M.Y, Al-Modallal, H.M, and Abdel-Rahman, R.Y. (2017). “Quality of Nursing Care: The Influence of Work Conditions and Burnout”. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 7 (2017), 24-30.
32. Sarafis, P, Rousaki, E, Tsounis, A, Malliarou, M, Lahana, L, Bamidis, P, Niakas, D, and Papastavrou, E. (2016). “The Impact of Occupational Stress on Nurses’ Caring Behaviors and Their Health Related Quality Of Life”. BMC Nursing, 15 (1), 1-9.
33. Başar, U. (2020). Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik Sendromu: Nedenleri, Sonuçları ve Önleyici Stratejiler. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 7 (2), 303-309.
34. Leiter, M.P. (1992). “Burn-Out As A Crisis In Self-Efficacy: Implications”. Work & Stress, 6 (2), 107-115. 35. Alidosti, M, Delaram, M, Dehgani, L, and Maleki Moghadam, M. (2016). “Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Burnout Among Nurses in Behbahan City, Iran”. Women’s Health Bulletin, 3 (4), 1-5.
36. Schunk, D.H. (1995). “Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Performance”. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 7 (2), 112-137.
37. Jun, J, Ojemeni, M.M, Kalamani, R, Tong, J, and Crecelius, M.L. (2021). “Relationship Between Nurse Burnout, Patient and Organizational Outcomes: Systematic Review”. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 119, 103933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103933.
38. Dos Santos, L,M. (2020). “Stress, Burnout, and Low Self-Efficacy of Nursing Professionals: A Qualitative Inquiry”. Healthcare, 8 (24), 424-464.
39. Ozkara, B. (2019). “An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Turkish EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Burnout Level”. Journal Of Family Counseling and Education, 4 (1), 12-24.
40. Taylan, S, Özkan, İ, and Şahin, G. (2021). “Caring Behaviors, Moral Sensitivity, and Emotional Intelligence in Intensive Care Nurses: A Descriptive Study”. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57 (2), 734-746.

There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Original Article
Authors	Ceyda Uzun Şahin 0000-0002-1392-7409 Perihan Şimşek 0000-0002-0216-3968
Project Number	yok
Publication Date	September 27, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Uzun Şahin, C., & Şimşek, P. (2022). Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 1076-1085. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623
AMA	Uzun Şahin C, Şimşek P. Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. September 2022;11(3):1076-1085. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623
Chicago	Uzun Şahin, Ceyda, and Perihan Şimşek. “Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship Between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11, no. 3 (September 2022): 1076-85. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623.
EndNote	Uzun Şahin C, Şimşek P (September 1, 2022) Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11 3 1076–1085.
IEEE	C. Uzun Şahin and P. Şimşek, “Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1076–1085, 2022, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623.
ISNAD	Uzun Şahin, Ceyda - Şimşek, Perihan. “Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship Between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11/3 (September 2022), 1076-1085. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623.
JAMA	Uzun Şahin C, Şimşek P. Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;11:1076–1085.
MLA	Uzun Şahin, Ceyda and Perihan Şimşek. “Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship Between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 3, 2022, pp. 1076-85, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1139623.
Vancouver	Uzun Şahin C, Şimşek P. Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;11(3):1076-85.

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