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Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 112 - 117, 27.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/gopctd.503015

Abstract

Objective:
Although bones are more flexible and have higher shock absorption ability in
childhood than in adulthood, bone fractures are often seen in children who
present to the emergency clinics after a trauma. This study was conducted to
identify the pattern and the rate of traumatic lower extremity fractures in
children.



Methods:
Files and X-rays of 485 patients aged under 18 years who presented to the
Emergency
Department
of the Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University
Healthcare Research and Application Hospital after a trauma were
retrospectively reviewed. Data of 146 children who presented with a trauma to
the lower extremity were examined. Fractures were assessed based on age groups,
gender, etiology, and the affected bone.



Results:
Of the 146 children who presented with a trauma to the lower extremity, 112
were male (77%) and 34 were female (23%). Traumas had been mostly experienced
in the summer, followed by spring, autumn, and winter. The femur was the most
commonly affected bone among the fractures caused by a trauma (n=32, 33.33%).
Single-bone fractures most commonly involved the femur, followed by the tibia,
the phalanx, and the metatarsal bones, whereas double-bone fractures most
commonly involved the tibia and the fibula. Falling down was the major cause of
trauma.



Conclusion:
We believe that the results of our study will help to better understand the occurrence
of traumatic lower extremity fractures in children and offer guidance for
taking the protective measures that will help to protect them, hence, to reduce
fractures.  

References

  • 1. Park MS, Chung CY, Choi IH et al. Incidence patterns of pediatric and adolescent orthopaedic fractures according to age groups and seasons in South Korea: a population-based study. Clin Orthop Surg 2013;5(3):161-6. 2. Landin LA. Epidemiology of children's fractures. J Pediatr Orthop B 1997;6(2):79-83.
  • 3. Spady DW, Saunders DL, Schopflocher DP et al. Patterns of injury in children: a population-based approach. Pediatrics 2004;113(3 Pt 1):522-9.
  • 4. Arıncı K, Elhan A. Anatomi 1. Cilt. Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri 5. Baskı: Ankara; 2014.
  • 5. Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Krall EA et al. N Engl J Med 1997;4;337(10):670-6. Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older.6. Currey JD, Butler G. The mechanical properties of bone tissue in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1975;57(6):810-4.7. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327(23):1637-42.8. Atay T, Tomruk Ö, Çetin GN. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Acil Servisine Başvuran Çocuk Kırıklarının Epidemiyolojik Değerlendirmesi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2008;9:17-21.
  • 9. Aydın BK. Pentoksifilin kullanımının kırık iyileşmesi üzerine etkisinin ratlarda incelenmesi, Uzmanlık tezi, İstanbul: Sağlık Bakanlığı Baltalimanı Metin Sabancı Kemik Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi 1. Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği. 2007.
  • 10. Tatar İ (Çev. Ed). Anatomi ve Fizyoloji, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri: Ankara:2017.
  • 11. Polat O. Ekstremite kırıklarına yaklaşım ve tedavi metodolojisi. Acil Tıp Dergisi 2003;3:5-9.
  • 12. Zararsız İ, Kaya E, Savaş N et al. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tayfur Ata Sökmen Tıp Fakültesi Acil Servise Kırık Nedeniyle Başvuran Hastalarda Kırık Dağılımı ve Sıklığı. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi 2009;23;3:155-158.
  • 13. Hadjidakis DJ, Kokkinakis EP, Sfakianakis ME et al. Bone density patterns after normal and premature menopause. Maturitas 2003;44:279-286.
  • 14. Rennie L, Court-Brown CM, Mok JY et al. The epidemiology of fractures in children. Injury 2007;38:913–22.
  • 15. Wilkins KE. The incidence of fractures in children. In: Rockwood CA, Wilkins KE, Beaty JH. Fractures in children. Vol.3, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996: 3-17.
  • 16. Kalender Ö, Gürcü T, Reisoğlu A et al. Acil servise kırık nedeniyle başvuran çocuk hastalarda kırıkların sıklık ve dağılımı. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2006;40:384-387.
  • 17. McKenzie LB, Fletcher E, Nelson NG et al. Epidemiology of skateboarding-related injuries sustained by children and adolescents 5-19 years of age and treated in US emergency departments: 1990 through 2008. Inj Epidemiol 2016;3(1):10
  • 18. Vane D, Shedd FG, Grosfeld JL et al. An analysis of pediatric trauma deaths in Indiana. J Pediatr Surg 1990;25:955-960.
  • 19. Chang LT, Tsai MC. Craniofacial injuries from slip, trip, and fall accidents of children. J Trauma 2007;63:70-74.20. Kavaklı A, Savaşer S, Görak G. 0-6 yaş grubundaki çocuklarda karşılaşılan kaza türleri ve sıklığı. Hemşirelik Bülteni 1986;2:7-11.
  • 21. Tiderius CJ, Landin L, Duppe H. Decreasing incidence of fractures in children: an epidemiological analysis of 1,673 fractures in Malmo, Sweden, 1993-1994. Acta Orthop Scand 1999;70:622-6.
  • 22. Demirsoy S, Gücüyener K, Günal N, Tunaoğlu S, Bölükbaşı S. Çocukluk çağında 250 kırık olgusunun retrospektif incelenmesi. Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi 1991;2:44-6.
  • 23. Masterson E, Borton D, O’Brien T. Victims of our climate. Injury 1993;24:247-8.
  • 24. Mizuta T, Benson WM, Foster BK et al. Statistical analysis of the incidence of physeal injuries. J Pediatr Orthop 1987;7: 518-23.
  • 25. Buckley SL, Gotschall C, Robertson W Jr et al. The relationships of skeletal injuries with trauma score, injury severity score, length of hospital stay, hospital charges, and mortality in children admitted to a regional pediatric trauma center. J Pediatr Orthop 1994;14:449-53.26. Wang H, Yu H, Zhou Y et al. Traumatic fractures as a result of falls in children and adolescents: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017;96(37):e7879.
  • 26. Wang H, Yu H, Zhou Y et al. Traumatic fractures as a result of falls in children and adolescents: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017;96(37):e7879.
Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 112 - 117, 27.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/gopctd.503015

Abstract

References

  • 1. Park MS, Chung CY, Choi IH et al. Incidence patterns of pediatric and adolescent orthopaedic fractures according to age groups and seasons in South Korea: a population-based study. Clin Orthop Surg 2013;5(3):161-6. 2. Landin LA. Epidemiology of children's fractures. J Pediatr Orthop B 1997;6(2):79-83.
  • 3. Spady DW, Saunders DL, Schopflocher DP et al. Patterns of injury in children: a population-based approach. Pediatrics 2004;113(3 Pt 1):522-9.
  • 4. Arıncı K, Elhan A. Anatomi 1. Cilt. Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri 5. Baskı: Ankara; 2014.
  • 5. Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Krall EA et al. N Engl J Med 1997;4;337(10):670-6. Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older.6. Currey JD, Butler G. The mechanical properties of bone tissue in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1975;57(6):810-4.7. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327(23):1637-42.8. Atay T, Tomruk Ö, Çetin GN. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Acil Servisine Başvuran Çocuk Kırıklarının Epidemiyolojik Değerlendirmesi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2008;9:17-21.
  • 9. Aydın BK. Pentoksifilin kullanımının kırık iyileşmesi üzerine etkisinin ratlarda incelenmesi, Uzmanlık tezi, İstanbul: Sağlık Bakanlığı Baltalimanı Metin Sabancı Kemik Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi 1. Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği. 2007.
  • 10. Tatar İ (Çev. Ed). Anatomi ve Fizyoloji, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri: Ankara:2017.
  • 11. Polat O. Ekstremite kırıklarına yaklaşım ve tedavi metodolojisi. Acil Tıp Dergisi 2003;3:5-9.
  • 12. Zararsız İ, Kaya E, Savaş N et al. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tayfur Ata Sökmen Tıp Fakültesi Acil Servise Kırık Nedeniyle Başvuran Hastalarda Kırık Dağılımı ve Sıklığı. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi 2009;23;3:155-158.
  • 13. Hadjidakis DJ, Kokkinakis EP, Sfakianakis ME et al. Bone density patterns after normal and premature menopause. Maturitas 2003;44:279-286.
  • 14. Rennie L, Court-Brown CM, Mok JY et al. The epidemiology of fractures in children. Injury 2007;38:913–22.
  • 15. Wilkins KE. The incidence of fractures in children. In: Rockwood CA, Wilkins KE, Beaty JH. Fractures in children. Vol.3, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996: 3-17.
  • 16. Kalender Ö, Gürcü T, Reisoğlu A et al. Acil servise kırık nedeniyle başvuran çocuk hastalarda kırıkların sıklık ve dağılımı. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2006;40:384-387.
  • 17. McKenzie LB, Fletcher E, Nelson NG et al. Epidemiology of skateboarding-related injuries sustained by children and adolescents 5-19 years of age and treated in US emergency departments: 1990 through 2008. Inj Epidemiol 2016;3(1):10
  • 18. Vane D, Shedd FG, Grosfeld JL et al. An analysis of pediatric trauma deaths in Indiana. J Pediatr Surg 1990;25:955-960.
  • 19. Chang LT, Tsai MC. Craniofacial injuries from slip, trip, and fall accidents of children. J Trauma 2007;63:70-74.20. Kavaklı A, Savaşer S, Görak G. 0-6 yaş grubundaki çocuklarda karşılaşılan kaza türleri ve sıklığı. Hemşirelik Bülteni 1986;2:7-11.
  • 21. Tiderius CJ, Landin L, Duppe H. Decreasing incidence of fractures in children: an epidemiological analysis of 1,673 fractures in Malmo, Sweden, 1993-1994. Acta Orthop Scand 1999;70:622-6.
  • 22. Demirsoy S, Gücüyener K, Günal N, Tunaoğlu S, Bölükbaşı S. Çocukluk çağında 250 kırık olgusunun retrospektif incelenmesi. Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi 1991;2:44-6.
  • 23. Masterson E, Borton D, O’Brien T. Victims of our climate. Injury 1993;24:247-8.
  • 24. Mizuta T, Benson WM, Foster BK et al. Statistical analysis of the incidence of physeal injuries. J Pediatr Orthop 1987;7: 518-23.
  • 25. Buckley SL, Gotschall C, Robertson W Jr et al. The relationships of skeletal injuries with trauma score, injury severity score, length of hospital stay, hospital charges, and mortality in children admitted to a regional pediatric trauma center. J Pediatr Orthop 1994;14:449-53.26. Wang H, Yu H, Zhou Y et al. Traumatic fractures as a result of falls in children and adolescents: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017;96(37):e7879.
  • 26. Wang H, Yu H, Zhou Y et al. Traumatic fractures as a result of falls in children and adolescents: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017;96(37):e7879.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Hilal Irmak Sapmaz 0000-0002-9821-1628

Mehmet Esen

Publication Date March 27, 2019
Acceptance Date March 19, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Irmak Sapmaz, H., & Esen, M. (2019). Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi, 9(1), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.16899/gopctd.503015
AMA Irmak Sapmaz H, Esen M. Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital. J Contemp Med. March 2019;9(1):112-117. doi:10.16899/gopctd.503015
Chicago Irmak Sapmaz, Hilal, and Mehmet Esen. “Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 9, no. 1 (March 2019): 112-17. https://doi.org/10.16899/gopctd.503015.
EndNote Irmak Sapmaz H, Esen M (March 1, 2019) Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 9 1 112–117.
IEEE H. Irmak Sapmaz and M. Esen, “Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital”, J Contemp Med, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 112–117, 2019, doi: 10.16899/gopctd.503015.
ISNAD Irmak Sapmaz, Hilal - Esen, Mehmet. “Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi 9/1 (March 2019), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.16899/gopctd.503015.
JAMA Irmak Sapmaz H, Esen M. Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital. J Contemp Med. 2019;9:112–117.
MLA Irmak Sapmaz, Hilal and Mehmet Esen. “Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital”. Çağdaş Tıp Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 112-7, doi:10.16899/gopctd.503015.
Vancouver Irmak Sapmaz H, Esen M. Investigation of the Lower Extremity Fractures in Children Who Applied to the Emergency Department of University Hospital. J Contemp Med. 2019;9(1):112-7.