İSTANBUL’DA BİR GRUP MORBİD OBEZ BİREYİN ANTROPOMETRİK ÖLÇÜMLERİNİN VE BESLENME DURUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Abstract
Amaç:
Bu çalışma, morbid obez bireylerin antropometrik ölçümlerinin ve beslenme
durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amacı
ile planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, İstanbul Sağlık Müdürlüğü Toplum
Sağlığı Merkezleri’ne başvuran 259’u kadın, 31’i erkek olmak üzere 290 morbid
obez üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Bireylere ilişkin demografik özellikler ile
antropometrik ölçümler önceden hazırlanmış bir anket formu kullanılarak
alınmış, 24 saatlik besin tüketimleri kaydedilmiştir. Günlük beslenme ile
aldıkları besin öğelerinin miktarı, bilgisayarlı besin analiz programı (BEBİS)
ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Grubun
yaş ortalaması 47,9±11,5 yıldır. Kadın ve erkeklerin BKİ ortalamaları
sırasıyla, 44,8± 4,9 ve 43,7± 5,4 kg/m2 bulunmuştur. Bireylerin
çoğunluğunun (%82,4) çeşitli hastalıklarının olduğu, yaklaşık yarısının (%53,8)
en az 2 hastalığa sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireylerin günlük diyetle aldıkları
enerji 1907 kkal olarak bulunmuştur. Enerjinin karbonhidrattan gelen oranının
%43,9, yağdan gelen oranının ise %40,8 olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireylerin kalsiyum
ve demir minerallerini yeterli, sodyumu fazla/aşırı, potasyumu ise yetersiz
aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç:
Morbid obez bireylerin yarısından fazlasının en az 2
hastalığa sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireylerin günlük kolesterol ve sodyum
alımlarının çalışma grubunda en fazla görülen hastalık olan hipertansiyonu
destekler nitelikte önerilerin üzerinde, potasyum alımlarının ise önerilerin
altında olduğu bulunmuştur. Günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmesiyle
bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarının değiştiği bilinmektedir. Obezite ile
mücadelede, toplumda farkındalığın arttırılması, sağlıklı yaşam ve beslenme
alışkanlıklarının kazandırılması ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin yükseltilmesi
önemlidir. Bu gruptaki bireylerin beslenme durumunun daha iyi irdelenebilmesi
ve topluma kazandırılmaları için kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç
duyulmaktadır.
Keywords
References
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- 2. Bozhüyük A, Özcan S, Kurdak H, Akpınar E, Saatçı E, Bozdemir N, et al. 5000055966-5000074036-1-Pb. 2012;6(1):13–21.
- 3. Çayır A, Atak N, Köse SK. Beslenme Ve Diyet Kliniğine Başvuranlarda Obezite Durumu Ve Etkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 2011;64(1).
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- 5. Pahalı C, Omay OH, Bulut H, Hızlı Sayar G. Psikiyatrik Hasta Popülasyonunda Beden Kitle İndeksi ve İlişkili Faktörler. J Contemp Med. 2018;8(4):326–32.
- 6. Hruby A, Hu FB. HHS Public Access The Epidemiology of obesity; A big picture. Pharmacoeconomics. 2016;33(7):673–89.
- 7. Yanıkkerem E. Effects of Obesity on Women’S Health. J Heal Sci Kocaeli Univ. 2017;3(1):37–43.
- 8. Maliye C, Kaur S. Noncommunicable Diseases Does Waist-Hip Ratio Matter ? – A Study in Rural India. Reg Heal Forum. 2005;9(2):28–35.
- 9. Bebispro for Windows, Stuttgart, Germany; Turkish Version (Bebis 4), Istanbul 2004. Program Uses Data From Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS) 11.3 and USDA 15.
- 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakalığı. 2016. Türkiye beslenme rehberi 2015. Erişim tarihi: 31/01/2019. https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiye-beslenme-rehberipdf.pdf
- 11. Institue of Medicine of National Academies. 2005. Dietary referance intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. Erişim tarihi: 29/01/2019. https://www.nal.usda.gov/sites/default/files/fnic_uploads/energy_full_report.pdf
- 12. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği 2018. Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu 2018. Erişim tarihi: 29/01/2019. http://www.temd.org.tr/admin/uploads/tbl_gruplar/20180525144116-2018-05-25tbl_gruplar144108.pdf
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- 14. Banu Babaoğlu A, Tözün M, Ertem M, Metintas S. İzmir Konak İlçesinde Birinci Basamakta Saptanan Morbid Obez Olguların Tanımlanması. Türk Dünyası Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı. Dergisi. 2016; 1(1): 11–8.
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- 19. Kumanyika SK, Obarzanek E, Stettler N, Bell R, Field AE, Fortmann SP, et al. Population-based prevention of obesity: the need for comprehensive promotion of healthful eating, physical activity, and energy balance: a scientific statement from American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Interdisciplinary Commi. Circulation. 2008; 118(4): 428–64.
- 20. Okay DM, Jackson P V, Marcinkiewicz M, Papino MN. Exercise and obesity. Prim Care. 2009; 36(2): 379–93.
- 21. Ribeiro-Filho FF, Faria AN, Azjen S, Zanella M-T, Ferreira SRG. Methods of estimation of visceral fat: advantages of ultrasonography. Obes Res. 2003; 11(12): 1488–94.
- 22. Thomas EL, Collins AL, McCarthy J, Fitzpatrick J, Durighel G, Goldstone AP, et al. Estimation of abdominal fat compartments by bioelectrical impedance: the validity of the ViScan measurement system in comparison with MRI. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010; 64(5): 525–33.
- 23. Carr DB, Utzschneider KM, Hull RL, Kodama K, Retzlaff BM, Brunzell JD, et al. Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2004; 53(8): 2087–94.
- 24. Luis DA De, D M, Pacheco D, D M, Izaola O, Ph D, et al. Micronutrient status in morbidly obese women before bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013; 9(2): 323-7.
- 25. Lefebvre P, D M, Letois F, D M, Sultan A, D M, et al. Nutrient deficiencies in patients with obesity considering bariatric surgery : a cross-sectional study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014; 10(3): 540-6
- 26. Carvalho FC, Guaraná HC, Proença AC, Régis J, Carneiro I, Pedrosa AP, et al. Influence of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on appetite , ghrelin , leptin , IL6 , TNF α levels , and food intake of women with morbid obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2018; 11(1): 199-207.
- 27. Barbalho-moulim MC, Gustavo II, Soares P, Eli II, Pazzianotto M. Effects of preoperative inspiratory muscle training in obese women undergoing open bariatric surgery : respiratory muscle strength , lung volumes , and diaphragmatic excursion. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011; 66(10): 1721–1727.
- 28. Mercachita T, Santos Z, Limão J. Anthropometric Evaluation and Micronutrients Intake in Patients Submitted to Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass with a Postoperative Period of ≥ 1 Year. Obes Surg. 2014; 24(1): 102-8.
- 29. Basfi-fer K, Valencia A, Rojas P, Carrasco F. Calidad de la alimentación de mujeres con obesidad severa y mórbida sometidas a bypass gastrico y gastrectomia vertical en manga. Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion. 2011; 61(1): 28-35.
EVALUATION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF A GROUP OF MORBID OBESE INDIVIDUALS IN ISTANBUL
Abstract
Aim: The study was planned to evaluate the anthropometric
measurements and nutritional status of morbid obese individuals. Materials and Methods: 259 females and
31 males, a total of 290 morbid obese individuals who admitted to Community
Health Centers of İstanbul Provincial Health Directorate were included in the
study. Demographic,
anthropometric and nutritional data were taken and 24-hour food consumption was
recorded. Daily values
of nutrient intake were analyzed by Computerized Nutrient Analysis Program (BEBIS)
program. Results: Mean age of the group was 47.9 ± 11.5 years. Mean BMI of males and
females were 44.8 ± 4.9, 43.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2, respectively. The majority
of individuals (82.4%) were detected to have various diseases and nearly half
(53.8%) had at least 2 diseases. Mean daily energy intake of individuals was
found to be 1907 kkal.
43.9% of the total energy was obtained from carbohydrate and 40.8%
was obtained from fat. It was determined that calcium and iron intake were
sufficient, sodium intake was excessive and potassium intake was insufficient. Conclusion: More than half of the morbid obese individuals had at
least 2 diseases. Daily cholesterol and
sodium intake was higher than the recommended values supporting the fact that
hypertension was the most common disease in the group and potassium intake was
lower than the recommended value. Today, it is known that the nutritional
habits of individuals change with the development of technology. In the fight
with obesity, it is important to increase awareness in the society, to gain
healthy living and eating habits and to increase the level of physical
activity. More comprehensive studies are needed to better address the
nutritional status of individuals in this group and to bring them into society.
Keywords
References
- 1. World Health Organization 2016. Obesity and overweight. Erişim tarihi:21/02/2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
- 2. Bozhüyük A, Özcan S, Kurdak H, Akpınar E, Saatçı E, Bozdemir N, et al. 5000055966-5000074036-1-Pb. 2012;6(1):13–21.
- 3. Çayır A, Atak N, Köse SK. Beslenme Ve Diyet Kliniğine Başvuranlarda Obezite Durumu Ve Etkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 2011;64(1).
- 4. World Health Organization 2015. The Challenge of obesity in the European Region. Strategies for response. Erişim tarihi:21/02/2019. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/74746/E90711.pdf?ua=1
- 5. Pahalı C, Omay OH, Bulut H, Hızlı Sayar G. Psikiyatrik Hasta Popülasyonunda Beden Kitle İndeksi ve İlişkili Faktörler. J Contemp Med. 2018;8(4):326–32.
- 6. Hruby A, Hu FB. HHS Public Access The Epidemiology of obesity; A big picture. Pharmacoeconomics. 2016;33(7):673–89.
- 7. Yanıkkerem E. Effects of Obesity on Women’S Health. J Heal Sci Kocaeli Univ. 2017;3(1):37–43.
- 8. Maliye C, Kaur S. Noncommunicable Diseases Does Waist-Hip Ratio Matter ? – A Study in Rural India. Reg Heal Forum. 2005;9(2):28–35.
- 9. Bebispro for Windows, Stuttgart, Germany; Turkish Version (Bebis 4), Istanbul 2004. Program Uses Data From Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS) 11.3 and USDA 15.
- 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakalığı. 2016. Türkiye beslenme rehberi 2015. Erişim tarihi: 31/01/2019. https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiye-beslenme-rehberipdf.pdf
- 11. Institue of Medicine of National Academies. 2005. Dietary referance intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. Erişim tarihi: 29/01/2019. https://www.nal.usda.gov/sites/default/files/fnic_uploads/energy_full_report.pdf
- 12. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği 2018. Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu 2018. Erişim tarihi: 29/01/2019. http://www.temd.org.tr/admin/uploads/tbl_gruplar/20180525144116-2018-05-25tbl_gruplar144108.pdf
- 13. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı 2014. Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması 2010. Erişim tarihi: 29/01/2019. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/saglikli-beslenme-hareketli-hayat-db/Yayinlar/kitaplar/diger-kitaplar/TBSA-Beslenme-Yayini.pdf
- 14. Banu Babaoğlu A, Tözün M, Ertem M, Metintas S. İzmir Konak İlçesinde Birinci Basamakta Saptanan Morbid Obez Olguların Tanımlanması. Türk Dünyası Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı. Dergisi. 2016; 1(1): 11–8.
- 15. Clement K. Genetics of human obesity. C R Biol. 2006 ;329(8):605–8.
- 16. Bray GA. Medical consequences of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 89(6): 2583–9.
- 17. Balsiger BM, Murr MM, Poggio JL, Sarr MG. Bariatric surgery. Surgery for weight control in patients with morbid obesity. Med Clin North Am. 2000; 84(2): 477–89.
- 18. Nguyen DM, El-Serag HB. The epidemiology of obesity. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2010; 39(1): 1–7.
- 19. Kumanyika SK, Obarzanek E, Stettler N, Bell R, Field AE, Fortmann SP, et al. Population-based prevention of obesity: the need for comprehensive promotion of healthful eating, physical activity, and energy balance: a scientific statement from American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Interdisciplinary Commi. Circulation. 2008; 118(4): 428–64.
- 20. Okay DM, Jackson P V, Marcinkiewicz M, Papino MN. Exercise and obesity. Prim Care. 2009; 36(2): 379–93.
- 21. Ribeiro-Filho FF, Faria AN, Azjen S, Zanella M-T, Ferreira SRG. Methods of estimation of visceral fat: advantages of ultrasonography. Obes Res. 2003; 11(12): 1488–94.
- 22. Thomas EL, Collins AL, McCarthy J, Fitzpatrick J, Durighel G, Goldstone AP, et al. Estimation of abdominal fat compartments by bioelectrical impedance: the validity of the ViScan measurement system in comparison with MRI. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010; 64(5): 525–33.
- 23. Carr DB, Utzschneider KM, Hull RL, Kodama K, Retzlaff BM, Brunzell JD, et al. Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2004; 53(8): 2087–94.
- 24. Luis DA De, D M, Pacheco D, D M, Izaola O, Ph D, et al. Micronutrient status in morbidly obese women before bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013; 9(2): 323-7.
- 25. Lefebvre P, D M, Letois F, D M, Sultan A, D M, et al. Nutrient deficiencies in patients with obesity considering bariatric surgery : a cross-sectional study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014; 10(3): 540-6
- 26. Carvalho FC, Guaraná HC, Proença AC, Régis J, Carneiro I, Pedrosa AP, et al. Influence of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on appetite , ghrelin , leptin , IL6 , TNF α levels , and food intake of women with morbid obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2018; 11(1): 199-207.
- 27. Barbalho-moulim MC, Gustavo II, Soares P, Eli II, Pazzianotto M. Effects of preoperative inspiratory muscle training in obese women undergoing open bariatric surgery : respiratory muscle strength , lung volumes , and diaphragmatic excursion. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011; 66(10): 1721–1727.
- 28. Mercachita T, Santos Z, Limão J. Anthropometric Evaluation and Micronutrients Intake in Patients Submitted to Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass with a Postoperative Period of ≥ 1 Year. Obes Surg. 2014; 24(1): 102-8.
- 29. Basfi-fer K, Valencia A, Rojas P, Carrasco F. Calidad de la alimentación de mujeres con obesidad severa y mórbida sometidas a bypass gastrico y gastrectomia vertical en manga. Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion. 2011; 61(1): 28-35.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 14, 2019 |
| Submission Date | March 21, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
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