Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 264 - 273, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.715015

Abstract

References

  • References [1] Vatandaş, M., Güner, M. & Türker, U. (2020). Hassas Tarim Teknolojİlerİ. [2] Aydin, C., Sabanci, K. & Unlersen, M. F. (2017). Determination of Seed Volume in the Seed Tank of Pneumatic Precision Seeder by Using Microcontroller Based Control System. International Journal of Applied Mathematics, Electronics and Computers. [3] Li, L., He, X., Song, J., Liu, Y., Zeng, A., Yang, L., Liu, C. & Liu, Z. (2018). Design and Experiment of Variable Rate Orchard Sprayer Based on Laser Scanning Sensor. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 11, 101-108. doi: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181101.3183. [4] Wei, Z., Xiu, W., Wei, D., Shuai, S., Songlin, W. & Pengfei, F. Design and Test of Automatic toward-Target Sprayer Used in Orchard. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 8-12 June 2015 2015. 697-702. [5] Chen, Y., Zhu, H. & Ozkan, E. (2012). Development of a Variable-Rate Sprayer with Laser Scanning Sensor to Synchronize Spray Outputs to Tree Structures. Transactions of the ASABE, 55, 773-781. doi: 10.13031/2013.41509. [6] Esau, T., Zaman, Q., Chang, Y., Schumann, A., Percival, D. & Farooque, A. (2013). Spot-Application of Fungicide for Wild Blueberry Using an Automated Prototype Variable Rate Sprayer. Precision Agriculture, 15. doi: 10.1007/s11119-013-9319-4. [7] He, X., Yan, K., Chu, J., Wang, J. & Zeng, A. (2003). Design and Testing of the Automatic Target Detecting, Electrostatic, Air Assisted, Orchard Sprayer. 19. [8] Solanelles, F., Escolà, A., Planas De Martí, S., Rosell, J. R., Camp, F. & Gràcia, F. (2006). An Electronic Control System for Pesticide Application Proportional to the Canopy Width of Tree Crops. Biosystems Engineering, 95, 473-481. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2006.08.004. [9] Solanelles, F., Planas De Martí, S., Escolà, A. & Rosell, J. (2002). Spray Application Efficiency of an Electronic Control System for Proportional Application to the Canopy Volume. Aspects of Applied Biology, 66, 139-146. [10] Zhai, C., Zhao, C., Wang, X., Zou, W., Mao, Y. & Zhang, R. (2010). Probing Method of Tree Spray Target Profile. Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 26, 173-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.12.029. [11] Jeon, H. & Zhu, H. (2012). Development of a Variable-Rate Sprayer for Nursery Liner Applications. Transactions of the ASABE, 55, 303-312. doi: 10.13031/2013.41240. [12] Jeon, H., Zhu, H., Derksen, R., Ozkan, E. & Krause, C. (2011). Evaluation of Ultrasonic Sensor for Variable-Rate Spray Applications. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 75, 213-221. doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2010.11.007. [13] Zamahn, Q. & Salyani, M. (2004). Effects of Foliage Density and Ground Speed on Ultrasonic Measurement of Citrus Tree Volume. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 20. doi: 10.13031/2013.15887. [14] Gil, E., Escolà, A., Rosell, J. R., Planas, S. & Val, L. (2007). Variable Rate Application of Plant Protection Products in Vineyard Using Ultrasonic Sensors. Crop Protection, 26, 1287-1297. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006.11.003. [15] K. Giles, D., J. Delwiche, M. & B. Dodd, R. (1987). Control of Orchard Spraying Based on Electronic Sensing of Target Characteristics. Transactions of the ASAE, 30, 1624-1636. doi: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30614. [16] Molto, E., Martin-Gorriz, B. & A, G. (2001). Pesticide Loss Reduction by Automatic Adoption of Spraying on Globular Trees. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 78, 35-41. [17] Llorens, J., Gil, E., Llop, J. & Escolà, A. (2010). Variable Rate Dosing in Precision Viticulture: Use of Electronic Devices to Improve Application Efficiency. Crop Protection, 29, 239-248. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.12.022. [18] Tumbo, S., Salyani, M., Whitney, J., Wheaton, T. & Miller, W. (2002). Investigation of Laser and Ultrasonic Ranging Sensors for Measurements of Citrus Canopy Volume. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 18. doi: 10.13031/2013.8587. [19] Jsn-Sr04t. https://www.amazon.com/Ultrasonic-Waterproof-JSN-SR04T-Integrated-Transducer/dp/B07SHLMSVZ [20] Microchip. Pic18f45k80 Microcontroller. https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/PIC18F45K80

AUTOMATIC NOZZLE CONTROL SYSTEM WITH ULTRASONIC SENSOR FOR ORCHARD SPRAYERS

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 264 - 273, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.715015

Abstract

Spraying fruit trees with orchard sprayers cause some limitations, as well as problems such as wasting the drugs by spraying spaces among the trees, especially in some cases where the distance among the trees are high. Accordingly, overmuch drugs are used, and harmful substances are added to the soil. Moreover, pesticide ruins that pass from the soil cause health problems. Consequently, production costs increase and correspondingly, efficiency decreases. In this experimental study, ultrasonic sensors are placed on the right and left surfaces of the machine facing the tree. The pesticides are sprayed as long as an object is detected within a certain distance with the help of these sensors. Spraying is automatically stopped when the object is not detected. The developed system consists of an electronic control unit, solenoid valves and ultrasonic sensors, controlled by a microcontroller. High rates of savings are achieved in pesticide consumption and the addition of harmful substances to the soil is prevented thanks to this automatic control system. Solid structure enables practical mounting on existing manually controlled sprayers.

References

  • References [1] Vatandaş, M., Güner, M. & Türker, U. (2020). Hassas Tarim Teknolojİlerİ. [2] Aydin, C., Sabanci, K. & Unlersen, M. F. (2017). Determination of Seed Volume in the Seed Tank of Pneumatic Precision Seeder by Using Microcontroller Based Control System. International Journal of Applied Mathematics, Electronics and Computers. [3] Li, L., He, X., Song, J., Liu, Y., Zeng, A., Yang, L., Liu, C. & Liu, Z. (2018). Design and Experiment of Variable Rate Orchard Sprayer Based on Laser Scanning Sensor. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 11, 101-108. doi: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181101.3183. [4] Wei, Z., Xiu, W., Wei, D., Shuai, S., Songlin, W. & Pengfei, F. Design and Test of Automatic toward-Target Sprayer Used in Orchard. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 8-12 June 2015 2015. 697-702. [5] Chen, Y., Zhu, H. & Ozkan, E. (2012). Development of a Variable-Rate Sprayer with Laser Scanning Sensor to Synchronize Spray Outputs to Tree Structures. Transactions of the ASABE, 55, 773-781. doi: 10.13031/2013.41509. [6] Esau, T., Zaman, Q., Chang, Y., Schumann, A., Percival, D. & Farooque, A. (2013). Spot-Application of Fungicide for Wild Blueberry Using an Automated Prototype Variable Rate Sprayer. Precision Agriculture, 15. doi: 10.1007/s11119-013-9319-4. [7] He, X., Yan, K., Chu, J., Wang, J. & Zeng, A. (2003). Design and Testing of the Automatic Target Detecting, Electrostatic, Air Assisted, Orchard Sprayer. 19. [8] Solanelles, F., Escolà, A., Planas De Martí, S., Rosell, J. R., Camp, F. & Gràcia, F. (2006). An Electronic Control System for Pesticide Application Proportional to the Canopy Width of Tree Crops. Biosystems Engineering, 95, 473-481. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2006.08.004. [9] Solanelles, F., Planas De Martí, S., Escolà, A. & Rosell, J. (2002). Spray Application Efficiency of an Electronic Control System for Proportional Application to the Canopy Volume. Aspects of Applied Biology, 66, 139-146. [10] Zhai, C., Zhao, C., Wang, X., Zou, W., Mao, Y. & Zhang, R. (2010). Probing Method of Tree Spray Target Profile. Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 26, 173-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.12.029. [11] Jeon, H. & Zhu, H. (2012). Development of a Variable-Rate Sprayer for Nursery Liner Applications. Transactions of the ASABE, 55, 303-312. doi: 10.13031/2013.41240. [12] Jeon, H., Zhu, H., Derksen, R., Ozkan, E. & Krause, C. (2011). Evaluation of Ultrasonic Sensor for Variable-Rate Spray Applications. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 75, 213-221. doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2010.11.007. [13] Zamahn, Q. & Salyani, M. (2004). Effects of Foliage Density and Ground Speed on Ultrasonic Measurement of Citrus Tree Volume. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 20. doi: 10.13031/2013.15887. [14] Gil, E., Escolà, A., Rosell, J. R., Planas, S. & Val, L. (2007). Variable Rate Application of Plant Protection Products in Vineyard Using Ultrasonic Sensors. Crop Protection, 26, 1287-1297. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006.11.003. [15] K. Giles, D., J. Delwiche, M. & B. Dodd, R. (1987). Control of Orchard Spraying Based on Electronic Sensing of Target Characteristics. Transactions of the ASAE, 30, 1624-1636. doi: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30614. [16] Molto, E., Martin-Gorriz, B. & A, G. (2001). Pesticide Loss Reduction by Automatic Adoption of Spraying on Globular Trees. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 78, 35-41. [17] Llorens, J., Gil, E., Llop, J. & Escolà, A. (2010). Variable Rate Dosing in Precision Viticulture: Use of Electronic Devices to Improve Application Efficiency. Crop Protection, 29, 239-248. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.12.022. [18] Tumbo, S., Salyani, M., Whitney, J., Wheaton, T. & Miller, W. (2002). Investigation of Laser and Ultrasonic Ranging Sensors for Measurements of Citrus Canopy Volume. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 18. doi: 10.13031/2013.8587. [19] Jsn-Sr04t. https://www.amazon.com/Ultrasonic-Waterproof-JSN-SR04T-Integrated-Transducer/dp/B07SHLMSVZ [20] Microchip. Pic18f45k80 Microcontroller. https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/PIC18F45K80
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeki Zürey 0000-0003-4219-1274

Selami Balcı 0000-0002-3922-4824

Kadir Sabancı 0000-0003-0238-9606

Publication Date December 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Zürey, Z., Balcı, S., & Sabancı, K. (2020). AUTOMATIC NOZZLE CONTROL SYSTEM WITH ULTRASONIC SENSOR FOR ORCHARD SPRAYERS. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 10(2), 264-273. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.715015

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