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Microwave curing process parameters on epoxy based polymer composites

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 795 - 805, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.699043

Abstract

Microwave rapid curing processing has great potential for improving composite manufacturing such as reduction of curing time, energy requirements and operational costs. In this study, pre-waiting time and curing time effects on epoxy based polymer composites with and without fillers were investigated during a microwave curing process. Silica sand was used as filler material. After prefabrication of polymer samples with and without fillers, the samples were left waiting for pre-curing for 0, 30, 60 and 90 min. In addition, the power of microwave curing was altered to be either 100W, 300W, 450W, 600W or 800W. Other polymer samples were cured at the laboratory for 7 days for comparison. Tensile strength, energy to break, hardness, water absorption and microstructure investigations were performed on all samples. Results show that subjecting polymer materials to microwave treatment instead of keeping them at room temperature for 7 days yielded similar or higher tensile strength, hardness and impact toughness values in a shorter time.

References

  • [1] Yarlagadda P. K. D. V., Chong T. S., “Characterisation of materials behaviour in microwave joining of ceramics”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1998, 84: 162-174.
  • [2] Skamer D. J., Thimas J. J., Jennings H. M., Lynn Johnson D. “A model for microwave processing of compositionally changing ceramic systems”, Journal of Materials Research. 1995, 10:3160-3178.
  • [3] Marand E., Baker K. R., Greybeal J. D., “Comparison of reaction mechanisms of epoxy resins undergoing thermal and microwave cure from in situ measurements of microwave dielectic properties and infrared spectroscopy”, Macromolecules, 1992, 25:2243-2252.
  • [4] Milovic, J., Fishbain, A., Wijaya J., “Mechanistic modeling of epoxy-amine kinetics. 2. Comparison of kinetics in thermal and microwave fields”, Macromolecules, 1992, 25:986-989.
  • [5] Papargyris D. A., Day R. J., Nesbitt A., Bakavos, D., “Comparison of the mechanical and physical properties of a carbon fibre epoxy composite manufactured by resin transfer moulding using conventional and microwave heating”, Composites Science and Technology, 2008), 68:1854-1861.
  • [6] Tanrattanakul V., Tiaw K. S., Comparison of microwave and thermal cure of epoxy-anhydride resins: mechanical properties and dynamic characteristics. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005, 97:1442–1461.
  • [7] Berg K., Christodolou P., Yarlagadda P. K. D. V., “Curing epoxy resins by microwave radiation”, In Proceedings 9th International Conference on Production Technology, Berlin, Germany, 1998, 1: 497-503.
  • [8] Yusoff R., Aroua M.K., Nesbitt A., Day R. J., “Curing of polymeric composites using microwave resin transfer molding (RTM)” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2007, 2:151-163.
  • [9] Maity T., Samanta B. C., Dalai S., Banthia A. K., “Curing study of epoxy resin by new aromatic amine functional curing agents along with mechanical and thermal evaluation”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2007, 464:38-46.
  • [10] Yarlagadda K. D. V. P., Hsu S. H., “Experimental studies on comparison of microwave curing and thermal curing of epoxy resins used for alternative mould materials”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2004, 155-156:1532–1538.
  • [11] Wallace, M., Attwood, D., Day, R. J., Heatley, F. “Investigation of the microwave curing of an epoxy resin system”, Journal of Materials Science, 2006, 41(18);5862-5869.
  • [12] Boey F. Y. C., Yap B. H., Chia, L., “Microwave curing of epoxy-amine system-effect of curing agent on the rate enhancement”, Polymer Testing, 1999, 18:93-109.
  • [13] Boey F. Y. C., Yap, B. H., Chia L., “Microwave curing of epoxy-amine system-effect of curing agent on the rate enhancement”, Polymer Testing, 1999, 18(2):93-109.

Epoksi esaslı polimer kompozitlerde mikrodalga kürleme işlemi parametreleri

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 795 - 805, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.699043

Abstract

Mikrodalga hızlı kürleme işlemi, kürleme süresinin azaltılması, düşük enerji gereksinimleri ve işletme maliyetleri ile kompozit malzeme üretimini geliştirmek için büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, mikrodalga kürleme işlemi sırasında dolgu maddeleri içeren ve içermeyen epoksi esaslı polimer kompozitler üzerine işlem öncesi ve sonrası mikrodalgada farklı bekleme sürelerinin, enerji miktarlarının ve kürleme süresinin malzemenin mekanik özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Dolgu malzemesi olarak silis kumu kullanılmıştır. Polimer örneklerinin hem dolgu maddesi ile hem de dolgu maddesi olmadan prefabrikasyonundan sonra, numuneler ön kürleme için 0, 30, 60 ve 90 dakika bekletilmiştir. Ek olarak, mikrodalga kürleme gücü 100W, 300W, 450W, 600W veya 800W farklı güç değerleri uygulanmıştır. Diğer polimer numuneleri karşılaştırma için 7 gün boyunca laboratuvarda kürlenmiştir. Bütün numunelerde çekme mukavemeti, kopma enerjisi, sertlik, su emme ve mikroyapı incelemeleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, polimer materyallerini 7 gün boyunca oda sıcaklığında tutmak yerine mikrodalga işlemine tabi tutmanın, daha kısa sürede benzer veya daha yüksek gerilme mukavemeti, sertlik ve darbe tokluğu değerleri verdiğini göstermektedir.

References

  • [1] Yarlagadda P. K. D. V., Chong T. S., “Characterisation of materials behaviour in microwave joining of ceramics”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1998, 84: 162-174.
  • [2] Skamer D. J., Thimas J. J., Jennings H. M., Lynn Johnson D. “A model for microwave processing of compositionally changing ceramic systems”, Journal of Materials Research. 1995, 10:3160-3178.
  • [3] Marand E., Baker K. R., Greybeal J. D., “Comparison of reaction mechanisms of epoxy resins undergoing thermal and microwave cure from in situ measurements of microwave dielectic properties and infrared spectroscopy”, Macromolecules, 1992, 25:2243-2252.
  • [4] Milovic, J., Fishbain, A., Wijaya J., “Mechanistic modeling of epoxy-amine kinetics. 2. Comparison of kinetics in thermal and microwave fields”, Macromolecules, 1992, 25:986-989.
  • [5] Papargyris D. A., Day R. J., Nesbitt A., Bakavos, D., “Comparison of the mechanical and physical properties of a carbon fibre epoxy composite manufactured by resin transfer moulding using conventional and microwave heating”, Composites Science and Technology, 2008), 68:1854-1861.
  • [6] Tanrattanakul V., Tiaw K. S., Comparison of microwave and thermal cure of epoxy-anhydride resins: mechanical properties and dynamic characteristics. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005, 97:1442–1461.
  • [7] Berg K., Christodolou P., Yarlagadda P. K. D. V., “Curing epoxy resins by microwave radiation”, In Proceedings 9th International Conference on Production Technology, Berlin, Germany, 1998, 1: 497-503.
  • [8] Yusoff R., Aroua M.K., Nesbitt A., Day R. J., “Curing of polymeric composites using microwave resin transfer molding (RTM)” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2007, 2:151-163.
  • [9] Maity T., Samanta B. C., Dalai S., Banthia A. K., “Curing study of epoxy resin by new aromatic amine functional curing agents along with mechanical and thermal evaluation”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2007, 464:38-46.
  • [10] Yarlagadda K. D. V. P., Hsu S. H., “Experimental studies on comparison of microwave curing and thermal curing of epoxy resins used for alternative mould materials”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2004, 155-156:1532–1538.
  • [11] Wallace, M., Attwood, D., Day, R. J., Heatley, F. “Investigation of the microwave curing of an epoxy resin system”, Journal of Materials Science, 2006, 41(18);5862-5869.
  • [12] Boey F. Y. C., Yap B. H., Chia, L., “Microwave curing of epoxy-amine system-effect of curing agent on the rate enhancement”, Polymer Testing, 1999, 18:93-109.
  • [13] Boey F. Y. C., Yap, B. H., Chia L., “Microwave curing of epoxy-amine system-effect of curing agent on the rate enhancement”, Polymer Testing, 1999, 18(2):93-109.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

İbrahim Güneş 0000-0001-7595-0121

Tayfun Uygunoğlu 0000-0003-4382-8257

Atila Gürhan Çelik 0000-0002-0894-9961

Publication Date May 31, 2020
Submission Date March 5, 2020
Acceptance Date May 2, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE İ. Güneş, T. Uygunoğlu, and A. G. Çelik, “Microwave curing process parameters on epoxy based polymer composites”, ECJSE, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 795–805, 2020, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.699043.