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Fall Fertilization in Anatolian Black Pine (Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder) Seedlings

Year 2012, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 18.06.2012

Ayşe Deligöz

Abstract

In this study, the effects of fall nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen concentration and early height growth

after planting with quality of two year old Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica

(Loudon) Rehder) seedlings were investigated. Bareroot Anatolian black pine seedlings in Eğirdir Forest

Nursery were fertilized with ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] at 0, 5, 10 and 20 N g/m² between September 28

and October 18. Seedling morphological characteristics and needle nitrogen concentration were determined one

week after fertilization (October 2009) and before planting (March 2010). Seedlings were planted in the field in

early march and evaluated early height growth and needle nitrogen concentration two months after planting.

According to results, in the nursery stage, fall nitrogen fertilization had significant effect on needle nitrogen

concentration, but had no significant effects on seedling morphological characteristics. Needle nitrogen

concentration was increased by the fall fertilization compared to control (0 g N/m²). When measured at two

months after planting, height increments of seedlings fertilized with high nitrogen rate (10 g N/m² and 20 g

N/m²) were higher than the others. The effects of 10 and 20 g N/m² treatments are similar. Therefore, fall

fertilizer applications with 10 g nitrogen per square meter may be useful to height growth, can be safely said at

this stage. However, the study period was quite insufficient to make recommendations on planting performance.

Keywords

Anatolian black pine nitrogen fertilization morphology height growth

References

  • Birchler T M, Rose R and Haase D L. 2001. Fall Fertilization with N and K: Effects on Douglas-Fir Seedling Quality and Performance. West J Appl Forest 16 (2): 71-79.
  • Boivin J R, Salifu K F and Timmer V R. 2004. Late-season fertilization of Picea mariana seedlings: intensive loading and outplanting response on greenhouse bioassays. Ann. For. Sci. 61: 737-745.
  • Boyer J N and South D B. 1984. Nutrient Content of Nursery-grown Loblolly Pine Seedlings. Circular 282, Auburn University, Alabama, 27 p.
  • Deligöz A. 2011. Seasonal Changes in the Physiological Characteristics of Anatolian Black Pine and the Effect on Seedling Quality. Turk J Agric For 35: 23-30.
  • Deligöz A. 2007. Anadolu Karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (lamb.) Holmboe] Fidanlarına Ait Bazı Temel Morfolojik ve Eko-Fizyolojik Özelliklerin Dikim Başarısına Etkisi. SDÜ. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora tezi, 279 s, Isparta.
  • Duryea M L 1984. Nursery Cultural Practices: Impacts on Seedling Quality. In: Forest Nursery Manual: Production of Bareroot Seedlings, (Duryea ML and Landis DT eds.), Martinus Nijhoff Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague/Boston/Lanchester for Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 143-164.
  • Duryea M L 1990. Nursery Fertilization and Top Pruning of Slash Pine Seedlings. South J Appl For 14 (2): 73-76.
  • Fisher J T and Mexal J G. 1984. Nutrition Management: A Physiological Basis for Yield Improvement. In: Seedling Physiology and Reforestation Success, (Duryea ML and Brown GN eds.), Martinus Nijhoff Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Boston, 271-299.
  • Fraysse J Y and Crémière L. 1998. Nursery Factors Influencing Containerized Pinus pinaster Seedlings Initial Growth. Silva Fennica 32(3): 261-270.
  • Genç M ve Yahyaoğlu Z. 2007. Üretme-Yetiştirme Koşulları ve Etkileri. In: Fidan Standardizasyonu, Standart Fidan Yetiştirmenin Biyolojik ve Teknik Esasları. (Yahyaoğlu Z ve Genç M eds.), Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları 75: 37-215.
  • Irwin K M, Duryea M L and Stone E L. 1998. Fall-applied Nitrogen Improves Performance of 1-0 Slash Pine Nursery Seedlings After Outplanting. South J Appl For 22: 111-116.
  • Islam M A, Apostol K G, Jacobs D F and Dumroese R K. 2009. Fall fertilization of Pinus resinosa Seedlings: Nutrient Uptake, Cold Hardiness, and Morphological Development. Ann For Sci 66:704.
  • Jopson M and Paul J L. 1984. Influence of Fall Fertilization and Moisture Tress on Growth and Field Performance of Container-grown Douglas-fir Seedlings P. 14-19 in Proc.Combined Western For. Nursery Council and Intermountain Nurseryman's Assoc. meet. USDA For. Serv. Tech. Rep. INT-185.
  • Kacar B. 1972. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: II. Bitki Analizleri, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 453, Uygulama Klavuzu:155.
  • Landis T D. 1985. Mineral Nutrition as an Index of Seedling Quality. In: Duryea, M. (Ed.), Evaluating Seedling Quality: Principles, Procedures and Predictive Abilities of Major Tests. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, 29-48.
  • Larsen H S, South D B and Boyer J N. 1988. Foliar Nitrogen Content at Lifting Correlates with Early Growth of Loblolly Pine Seedlings from 20 Nurseries. South J Appl For 12:181-185.
  • Margolis HA and Waring RH. 1986. Carbon and Nitrogen Allocation Patterns of Douglas-fir Seedlings Fertilized with Nitrogen in Autumn. II. Field performance. Can J For Res 16: 903-909.
  • McAlister JA and Timmer VR. 1998. Nutrient Enrichment of White Spruce Seedlings during Nursery Culture and Initial Plantation Establishment. Tree Physiol 18: 195-202.
  • Puértolas J, Gil L and Pardos JA. 2003. Effects of Nutritional Status and Seedling Size on Field Performance of Pinus halepensis Planted on Former Arable Land in the Mediterranean Basin. Forestry 76: 159-168.
  • Rikala R, Heiskanen J and Lahti M. 2004. Autumn Fertilization in the Nursery Affects Growth of Picea abies Container Seedlings After Transplanting. Scand J For Res 19: 409-414.
  • Sung SS, Black CC, Kormanik TL, Zarnoch SJ, Kormanik PP and Counce PA. 1997. Fall Nitrogen Fertilization and the Biology of Pinus taeda Seedling Development. Can J For Res 27: 1406-1412.
  • Switzer GL and Nelson LE. 1963. Effect of Nursery Fertility and Density on Seedling Characteristics, Yield, and Field Performance of Loblolly pine, Pinus taeda. Soil Sce Soc Am Proc 27: 461- 464.
  • VanderSchaaf C and McNabb K. 2004. Winter Nitrogen Fertilization of Loblolly Pine Seedlings. Plant Soil 265: 295-299.
  • van den Driessche, R 1984. Soil Fertility in Forest Nurseries. Chapter 7. In Duryea, ML and Landis TD (eds.). Forest Nursery Manual: Production of Bareroot Seedlings. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers. The ague/Boston/Lancaster, for Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University. Corvallis. 386 p.

Anadolu Karaçamı (Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder) Fidanlarında Sonbahar Gübrelemesi

Year 2012, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 18.06.2012

Ayşe Deligöz

Abstract

Bu çalışmada sonbaharda uygulanan azot gübrelemesinin 2+0 yaşlı Anadolu karaçamı (Pinus nigra ssp.
nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder) fidanlarının kalitesi ile dikimden sonraki erken boy gelişimi ve
azot konsantrasyonu üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Eğirdir Orman Fidanlığında Anadolu karaçamı
fidanlarına 28 Eylül – 18 Ekim tarihleri arasında granül formunda 0, 5, 10 ve 20 g N/m² oranlarında amonyum
sülfat [(NH4)2SO4] gübresi uygulanmıştır. Gübreleme işlemleri tamamlandıktan bir hafta sonra (Ekim 2009) ve
dikim öncesinde (Mart 2010) fidan morfolojik özellikleri ile ibre azot konsantrasyonu belirlenmiştir. Fidanlar
mart başında araziye aktarılmış ve dikimden iki ay sonraki erken boy gelişimi ve ibre azot konsantrasyonu
değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, fidanlık aşamasında sonbaharda uygulanan azot gübrelemesi
fidan morfolojik özellikleri üzerinde etkili olmamasına karşın, ibre azot konsantrasyonu üzerinde etkilidir.
Sonbahar gübrelemesi ibre azot konsantrasyonunu kontrol (0 g N/m²) işlemine kıyasla önemli ölçüde arttırmıştır.
Dikimden iki ay sonra yapılan tespitlerde yüksek azot içeriğine (10 g N/m² ve 20 g N/m²) sahip gübre verilen
fidanlar daha fazla boy artımı yapmıştır. 10 g N/m² ve 20 g N/m² dozlarının etkisi ise benzerdir. Bu nedenle,
metrekareye 10 g azot olacak şekilde sonbahar azot gübrelemesi uygulanmasının boy gelişimi için faydalı
olabileceği, şu aşamada rahatlıkla söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte dikim performansına ilişkin önerilerde
bulunabilmek için çalışma süresi oldukça yetersiz kalmıştır.

Keywords

Anadolu karaçamı azot gübrelemesi morfoloji boy gelişimi

References

  • Birchler T M, Rose R and Haase D L. 2001. Fall Fertilization with N and K: Effects on Douglas-Fir Seedling Quality and Performance. West J Appl Forest 16 (2): 71-79.
  • Boivin J R, Salifu K F and Timmer V R. 2004. Late-season fertilization of Picea mariana seedlings: intensive loading and outplanting response on greenhouse bioassays. Ann. For. Sci. 61: 737-745.
  • Boyer J N and South D B. 1984. Nutrient Content of Nursery-grown Loblolly Pine Seedlings. Circular 282, Auburn University, Alabama, 27 p.
  • Deligöz A. 2011. Seasonal Changes in the Physiological Characteristics of Anatolian Black Pine and the Effect on Seedling Quality. Turk J Agric For 35: 23-30.
  • Deligöz A. 2007. Anadolu Karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (lamb.) Holmboe] Fidanlarına Ait Bazı Temel Morfolojik ve Eko-Fizyolojik Özelliklerin Dikim Başarısına Etkisi. SDÜ. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora tezi, 279 s, Isparta.
  • Duryea M L 1984. Nursery Cultural Practices: Impacts on Seedling Quality. In: Forest Nursery Manual: Production of Bareroot Seedlings, (Duryea ML and Landis DT eds.), Martinus Nijhoff Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague/Boston/Lanchester for Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 143-164.
  • Duryea M L 1990. Nursery Fertilization and Top Pruning of Slash Pine Seedlings. South J Appl For 14 (2): 73-76.
  • Fisher J T and Mexal J G. 1984. Nutrition Management: A Physiological Basis for Yield Improvement. In: Seedling Physiology and Reforestation Success, (Duryea ML and Brown GN eds.), Martinus Nijhoff Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Boston, 271-299.
  • Fraysse J Y and Crémière L. 1998. Nursery Factors Influencing Containerized Pinus pinaster Seedlings Initial Growth. Silva Fennica 32(3): 261-270.
  • Genç M ve Yahyaoğlu Z. 2007. Üretme-Yetiştirme Koşulları ve Etkileri. In: Fidan Standardizasyonu, Standart Fidan Yetiştirmenin Biyolojik ve Teknik Esasları. (Yahyaoğlu Z ve Genç M eds.), Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları 75: 37-215.
  • Irwin K M, Duryea M L and Stone E L. 1998. Fall-applied Nitrogen Improves Performance of 1-0 Slash Pine Nursery Seedlings After Outplanting. South J Appl For 22: 111-116.
  • Islam M A, Apostol K G, Jacobs D F and Dumroese R K. 2009. Fall fertilization of Pinus resinosa Seedlings: Nutrient Uptake, Cold Hardiness, and Morphological Development. Ann For Sci 66:704.
  • Jopson M and Paul J L. 1984. Influence of Fall Fertilization and Moisture Tress on Growth and Field Performance of Container-grown Douglas-fir Seedlings P. 14-19 in Proc.Combined Western For. Nursery Council and Intermountain Nurseryman's Assoc. meet. USDA For. Serv. Tech. Rep. INT-185.
  • Kacar B. 1972. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: II. Bitki Analizleri, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 453, Uygulama Klavuzu:155.
  • Landis T D. 1985. Mineral Nutrition as an Index of Seedling Quality. In: Duryea, M. (Ed.), Evaluating Seedling Quality: Principles, Procedures and Predictive Abilities of Major Tests. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, 29-48.
  • Larsen H S, South D B and Boyer J N. 1988. Foliar Nitrogen Content at Lifting Correlates with Early Growth of Loblolly Pine Seedlings from 20 Nurseries. South J Appl For 12:181-185.
  • Margolis HA and Waring RH. 1986. Carbon and Nitrogen Allocation Patterns of Douglas-fir Seedlings Fertilized with Nitrogen in Autumn. II. Field performance. Can J For Res 16: 903-909.
  • McAlister JA and Timmer VR. 1998. Nutrient Enrichment of White Spruce Seedlings during Nursery Culture and Initial Plantation Establishment. Tree Physiol 18: 195-202.
  • Puértolas J, Gil L and Pardos JA. 2003. Effects of Nutritional Status and Seedling Size on Field Performance of Pinus halepensis Planted on Former Arable Land in the Mediterranean Basin. Forestry 76: 159-168.
  • Rikala R, Heiskanen J and Lahti M. 2004. Autumn Fertilization in the Nursery Affects Growth of Picea abies Container Seedlings After Transplanting. Scand J For Res 19: 409-414.
  • Sung SS, Black CC, Kormanik TL, Zarnoch SJ, Kormanik PP and Counce PA. 1997. Fall Nitrogen Fertilization and the Biology of Pinus taeda Seedling Development. Can J For Res 27: 1406-1412.
  • Switzer GL and Nelson LE. 1963. Effect of Nursery Fertility and Density on Seedling Characteristics, Yield, and Field Performance of Loblolly pine, Pinus taeda. Soil Sce Soc Am Proc 27: 461- 464.
  • VanderSchaaf C and McNabb K. 2004. Winter Nitrogen Fertilization of Loblolly Pine Seedlings. Plant Soil 265: 295-299.
  • van den Driessche, R 1984. Soil Fertility in Forest Nurseries. Chapter 7. In Duryea, ML and Landis TD (eds.). Forest Nursery Manual: Production of Bareroot Seedlings. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers. The ague/Boston/Lancaster, for Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University. Corvallis. 386 p.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section İç Anadolu’da Ağaçlandırma Çalışmaları
Authors

Ayşe Deligöz

Publication Date June 18, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Deligöz, A. (2012). Anadolu Karaçamı (Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Arn. var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder) Fidanlarında Sonbahar Gübrelemesi. Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi, 8(1), 1-9.

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