The relationship between the older adults’ adaptation to old age and perceived social support level

Cemile Kütmeç Yılmaz; Arife Kıl

doi:10.17826/cumj.638504

Research Article

The relationship between the older adults’ adaptation to old age and perceived social support level

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 338 - 346, 31.03.2020

Cemile Kütmeç Yılmaz Arife Kıl

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.638504

Cited By: 14

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the older people’ adaptation to old age and perceived social support level.
Materials and Methods: We conducted this descriptive study with 530 older people aged 65 and above in a training and research hospital. For data analysis, we used Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis-H test, Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model.
Results: We found that the total mean score for Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly was 1.07±0.73 and the total score for Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was 37.30±13.36. There was a statistically significant relationship between the older people’ total mean Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly scores and total Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support scores. In addition, age, gender, marital status, education and income level, chronic disease presence variables were found to affect adaptation to old age.
Conclusion: The level of social support for the older people can be important in ensuring the adaptation to old age. We recommend that the health personnel regularly assess the older people’ adaptation to old age and social support sources.

References

1. Şişman FN, Kutlu Y. Effectiveness of nursing care based on Roy Adaptation Model for development cognitive status of elderly individuals. Istanbul University, Institute of Health Science, master thesis. Istanbul, 2011.
2. Polat Ü, Kahraman BB. The relationship between the healthy lifestyle behaviors of elderly individuals and the perceived social support. Fırat Medical Journal. 2013;18:213-218.
3. Şişman FN, Kutlu Y. Development of an assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE) and its psychometric properties. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2016;7:25-33.
4. Kılıççı Y. Adaptation problems of aging. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Education. 1998;3:41-45.
5. Jeste DV, Depp CA, Vahia IV. Successful cognitive and emotional aging. World Psychiatry. 2010;9:78-84.
6. Von Faber M, Bootsma-van der Wiel A, van Exel E, Gussekloo J, Lagaay AM, van Dongen E, et al. Successful aging in the oldest old: Who can be characterized as successfully aged? Archives of Internal Medicine. 2001;61(22):2694-700.
7. Hsu HC, Tung HJ. Coping strategies and adaptation for the disabled elderly in Taiwan. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2011;11:488-95.
8. Duru Aşiret G, Yiğit H. The effect of older people’s adaptation to old age on their health-related quality of life. International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences. 2018;4:14-25.
9. Oluwagbemiga O. Effect of social support systems on the psychosocial well-being of the elderly in old people’s homes in Ibadan. Journal of Gerontology and Geriatric Research. 2016;5:343.
10. Softa HK, Bayraktar T, Uğuz C. Elders’ perceived social support systems and factors effecting their healthy life-style behaviour. Elderly Issues Research Journal. 2016;9:1-12.
11. Buz S, Beydil E. The needs of elderly alone women ın the case of Ankara. The Journal of International Social Research. 2015;8:557-570.
12. Liu L, Gou Z, Zuo J. Social support mediates loneliness and depression in elderly people. Journal of Health Psychology. 2016;21:750-8.
13. Kang HW, Park M, Wallace Hernandez JP. The impact of perceived social support, loneliness, and physical activity on quality of life in South Korean older adults. J Sport Health Sci. 2018;7(2):237-244.
14. Wang X, Cai L, Qian J, Peng J. Social support moderates stress effects on depression. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 2014;8(1):41.
15. Aydıner Boylu A, Günay G. The Effect of the Perceived Social Support on the Elderly Life Satisfaction. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researche., 2018;7(2):1351-1363.
16. Ünsar S, Dindar I, Kurt S. Activities of daily living, quality of life, social support and depression levels of elderly individuals in Turkish society. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2015;65:642-6.
17. Rocha LFD, Oliveira ER, Mot, MMPE. Relationship between social support and subjective well-being in older people: systematic review. Rev Bras Promoç Saúde, Fortaleza, 2017;30(4): 1-13.
18. Duru Aşiret G, Dutkun M. The effect of reminiscence therapy on the adaptation of elderly women to old age: A randomized clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2018;41:124-129.
19. Siviş R. Reminiscence Therapy. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. 2007;3(28):129-138.
20. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Brief Guide. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/its/pdfs/SPSS_Brief_Guide_21.pdf
21. Eker D, Arkar H. Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1995;34:45–55.
22. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of revised form of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 2001;12:17–25.
23. Moraıtou D, Kolovou C, Papasozomenou C, Paschoula C. Hope and adaptatıon to old age: theır relatıonshıp wıth ındıvıdual-demographıc factors. Social Indicators Research. 2006;76(1):71–93.
24. Jopp D, Rott C. Adaptation in very old age: exploring the role of resources, beliefs, and attitudes for centenarians' happiness Journal of Psychology and Aging. 2006;21:266-80.
25. Jopp D, Rott C, Oswalt F. Valuation of life in old and very old age the role of sociodemographic, social, and health resources for positive adaptation. Gerontologist. 2008;48:646-58.
26. Cho J. Successful Aging and Developmental Adaptation Of Oldest-Old Adults. Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository 12049, 2011. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12049.
27. Spahni S, Morselli D, Perrig-Chiello P, Bennett KM. Patterns of psychological adaptation to spousal bereavement in old age. Gerontology. 2015;61(5):456-68.
28. Özmete E. Predicting the meaning of life in older age through well-being indicators. Family and Society. 2008;4:7-20.
29. Cho J, Martin P, Poon LW, Georgia Centenarian Study. Successful aging and subjective well-being among oldest-old adults. Gerontologist. 2015;55:132-43.
30. Ma L, Li Y, Wang J, Zhu H, Yang W, Cao R, et al. Quality of life is related to social support in elderly osteoporosis patients in a Chinese Population. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0127849.
31. Genç F, Küçük E, Nur O. Comparison of the social support perceptions of elder people living at nursing home and home. Cumhurıyet Nursıng Journal. 2015;4:47-53.
32. Xie H, Peng W, Yang Y, Zhang D, Sun Y, Wu M, et al. Social support as a mediator of physical disability and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2018;32(2):256-262.
33. Tajvar M, Grundy E, Fletcher A. Social support and mental health status of older people: a population-based study in Iran-Tehran. Aging Ment Health. 2018;22(3):344-353.
34. Janowski K, Steuden S, Pietrzak A, Krasowska D, Kaczmarek L, Gradus I, Chodorowska, G. Social support and adaptation to the disease in men and women with psoriasis. Archives of Dermatological Research. 2012;6:421-32.
35. Softa HK. Physical, mental and social investigation of elders staying at home and nursing home. Elderly Issues Research Journal. 2015;2:63-76.

Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumu ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi arasındaki ilişki

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 338 - 346, 31.03.2020

Cemile Kütmeç Yılmaz Arife Kıl

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.638504

Cited By: 14

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumları ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışma, bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 530 yaşlı birey ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis-H testi, Spearman's korelasyon analizi ve çoklu lineer regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada yaşlı bireylerin Yaşlılığa Uyum Güçlüğünü Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 1.07±0.73 olduğu ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği toplam puanın 37.30±13.36 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada yaşlı bireylerin Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği toplam puanı ile Yaşlılığa Uyum Güçlüğünü Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim ve gelir düzeyi, kronik hastalık varlığı değişkenlerinin yaşlılığa uyumu etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda yaşlı bireylerin sosyal destek düzeyinin yaşlılığa uyum sağlamada etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumunun ve sosyal destek kaynaklarının sağlık çalışanları tarafından düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Keywords

older people, social support

References

1. Şişman FN, Kutlu Y. Effectiveness of nursing care based on Roy Adaptation Model for development cognitive status of elderly individuals. Istanbul University, Institute of Health Science, master thesis. Istanbul, 2011.
2. Polat Ü, Kahraman BB. The relationship between the healthy lifestyle behaviors of elderly individuals and the perceived social support. Fırat Medical Journal. 2013;18:213-218.
3. Şişman FN, Kutlu Y. Development of an assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE) and its psychometric properties. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2016;7:25-33.
4. Kılıççı Y. Adaptation problems of aging. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Education. 1998;3:41-45.
5. Jeste DV, Depp CA, Vahia IV. Successful cognitive and emotional aging. World Psychiatry. 2010;9:78-84.
6. Von Faber M, Bootsma-van der Wiel A, van Exel E, Gussekloo J, Lagaay AM, van Dongen E, et al. Successful aging in the oldest old: Who can be characterized as successfully aged? Archives of Internal Medicine. 2001;61(22):2694-700.
7. Hsu HC, Tung HJ. Coping strategies and adaptation for the disabled elderly in Taiwan. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2011;11:488-95.
8. Duru Aşiret G, Yiğit H. The effect of older people’s adaptation to old age on their health-related quality of life. International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences. 2018;4:14-25.
9. Oluwagbemiga O. Effect of social support systems on the psychosocial well-being of the elderly in old people’s homes in Ibadan. Journal of Gerontology and Geriatric Research. 2016;5:343.
10. Softa HK, Bayraktar T, Uğuz C. Elders’ perceived social support systems and factors effecting their healthy life-style behaviour. Elderly Issues Research Journal. 2016;9:1-12.
11. Buz S, Beydil E. The needs of elderly alone women ın the case of Ankara. The Journal of International Social Research. 2015;8:557-570.
12. Liu L, Gou Z, Zuo J. Social support mediates loneliness and depression in elderly people. Journal of Health Psychology. 2016;21:750-8.
13. Kang HW, Park M, Wallace Hernandez JP. The impact of perceived social support, loneliness, and physical activity on quality of life in South Korean older adults. J Sport Health Sci. 2018;7(2):237-244.
14. Wang X, Cai L, Qian J, Peng J. Social support moderates stress effects on depression. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 2014;8(1):41.
15. Aydıner Boylu A, Günay G. The Effect of the Perceived Social Support on the Elderly Life Satisfaction. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researche., 2018;7(2):1351-1363.
16. Ünsar S, Dindar I, Kurt S. Activities of daily living, quality of life, social support and depression levels of elderly individuals in Turkish society. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2015;65:642-6.
17. Rocha LFD, Oliveira ER, Mot, MMPE. Relationship between social support and subjective well-being in older people: systematic review. Rev Bras Promoç Saúde, Fortaleza, 2017;30(4): 1-13.
18. Duru Aşiret G, Dutkun M. The effect of reminiscence therapy on the adaptation of elderly women to old age: A randomized clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2018;41:124-129.
19. Siviş R. Reminiscence Therapy. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. 2007;3(28):129-138.
20. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Brief Guide. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/its/pdfs/SPSS_Brief_Guide_21.pdf
21. Eker D, Arkar H. Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1995;34:45–55.
22. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of revised form of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 2001;12:17–25.
23. Moraıtou D, Kolovou C, Papasozomenou C, Paschoula C. Hope and adaptatıon to old age: theır relatıonshıp wıth ındıvıdual-demographıc factors. Social Indicators Research. 2006;76(1):71–93.
24. Jopp D, Rott C. Adaptation in very old age: exploring the role of resources, beliefs, and attitudes for centenarians' happiness Journal of Psychology and Aging. 2006;21:266-80.
25. Jopp D, Rott C, Oswalt F. Valuation of life in old and very old age the role of sociodemographic, social, and health resources for positive adaptation. Gerontologist. 2008;48:646-58.
26. Cho J. Successful Aging and Developmental Adaptation Of Oldest-Old Adults. Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository 12049, 2011. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12049.
27. Spahni S, Morselli D, Perrig-Chiello P, Bennett KM. Patterns of psychological adaptation to spousal bereavement in old age. Gerontology. 2015;61(5):456-68.
28. Özmete E. Predicting the meaning of life in older age through well-being indicators. Family and Society. 2008;4:7-20.
29. Cho J, Martin P, Poon LW, Georgia Centenarian Study. Successful aging and subjective well-being among oldest-old adults. Gerontologist. 2015;55:132-43.
30. Ma L, Li Y, Wang J, Zhu H, Yang W, Cao R, et al. Quality of life is related to social support in elderly osteoporosis patients in a Chinese Population. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0127849.
31. Genç F, Küçük E, Nur O. Comparison of the social support perceptions of elder people living at nursing home and home. Cumhurıyet Nursıng Journal. 2015;4:47-53.
32. Xie H, Peng W, Yang Y, Zhang D, Sun Y, Wu M, et al. Social support as a mediator of physical disability and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2018;32(2):256-262.
33. Tajvar M, Grundy E, Fletcher A. Social support and mental health status of older people: a population-based study in Iran-Tehran. Aging Ment Health. 2018;22(3):344-353.
34. Janowski K, Steuden S, Pietrzak A, Krasowska D, Kaczmarek L, Gradus I, Chodorowska, G. Social support and adaptation to the disease in men and women with psoriasis. Archives of Dermatological Research. 2012;6:421-32.
35. Softa HK. Physical, mental and social investigation of elders staying at home and nursing home. Elderly Issues Research Journal. 2015;2:63-76.

There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Geriatrics and Gerontology
Journal Section	Research
Authors	Cemile Kütmeç Yılmaz 0000-0003-1827-5187 Arife Kıl This is me 0000-0002-6851-6850
Publication Date	March 31, 2020
Acceptance Date	January 31, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 45 Issue: 1

Cite

MLA	Kütmeç Yılmaz, Cemile and Arife Kıl. “The Relationship Between the Older adults’ Adaptation to Old Age and Perceived Social Support Level”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 45, no. 1, 2020, pp. 338-46, doi:10.17826/cumj.638504.