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Oksidatif Strese Maruz Kalmış Farelerde Keten Tohumu ile Beslemenin Etkilerinin Çeşitli Biyobelirteçler ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 12 - 17, 30.06.2021

İncilay Gökbulut Murat Özmen

https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.822146

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı, keten tohumu katkılanmış diyet tüketiminin N-Metil N- Nitrosoure (MNU) ile oksidatif stres oluşturulmuş farelerde antioksidatif etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Farelere tek doz (50 mg/kg) MNU intraperitonal enjeksiyon ile uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada ağırlıkları ortalama 20 (±2 gr) gram, 8 haftalık 60 adet dişi fare (Mus musculus, BALB/c) altı gruba ayrılarak çeşitli formlarda beslenmiştir. Gruplar; Kontrol (standart pellet), Grup 1 (1. hafta 50 mg/kg i.p. MNU + standart pellet /12 hafta), Grup 2 (1. hafta 50 mg/kg i.p. MNU + %10 keten tohumu içeren pellet/12 hafta), Grup 3 (İlk 6 hafta standart pellet + 6. haftada 50 mg/kg i.p. MNU + son 6 hafta %10 keten tohumu içeren pellet), Grup 4 (%10 keten tohumu içeren pellet/12 hafta), Grup 5 (%10 oranında keten bitkisi tohumu pellet/12 hafta + 6. haftada 50 mg/kg i.p MNU) olarak belirlenmiştir. Keten tohumu, standart fare diyetine %10 oranında katılarak, farelere oral yolla (ad libitum) verilmiştir. On iki haftalık uygulama sonunda servikal dislokasyon uygulanmış ve karaciğer dokuları seçilmiş biyokimyasal belirteçleri (AST, ALT, LDH, GST, GR, GPX, CAT, CaE ve EROD) değerlendirmek üzere alınmıştır. Tüm gruplarda LDH aktivitesinde kontrole göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). CaE aktivitesi 1., 2. ve 4. gruplarda önemli düzeyde artış göstermiştir. Ayrıca, 3., 4. ve 5. grupların ALT aktivitesindeki değişimlerin kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak tek başına verilen keten tohumunun farelerde olumsuz bir etkiye sebep olmadığı, biyobelirteçlerden elde edilen sonuçların MNU etkisini yansıttığı ve keten tohumunun söz konusu etkiyi azaltıcı etkisinin olmadığı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Biyobelirteç Keten tohumu N-metil N-nitrosure oksidatif stress

Supporting Institution

İnönü Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

2007/43

Thanks

Bu çalışmayı (Proje no: 2007/43) destekleyen İnönü Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi'ne teşekkür ederiz.

References

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  • Bishri, W.M. (2013). Favorable effects of flaxseed supplemented diet on liver and kidney functions in hypertensive wistar rats. Journal of Oleo Science, 62(9), 709-715. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.62.709
  • Blasbaig, T.L., Hibbein, J.R., Ramsden, C.E., Majchrzak, S.F., & Rawlings R.R. (2011). Changesin consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the United States during the 20th century. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 93, 950–962. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.006643
  • Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
  • Chamberland, J.P., & Moon, H.S. (2015). Down regulation of malignant potential by alphalinolenic acid in human and mouse colon cancer cells. Familial Cancer, 14, 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10689-014-9762
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  • Cribb, A.E., Leeder, J.S., & Spielberg, S.P. (1989). Use of a microplate reader in an assay of glutathione reductase using 5-5ı-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid). Analytical Biochemistry, 183, 195-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(89)90188-7
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  • Lamfon, H.A. (2011). Protective effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against metalaxyl induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice. Journal of American Science, 7(6), 1093-1100.
  • Lee, J.D., Cai, Q., Shu, X.O., & Nechuta, S.J. (2017). The role of biomarkers of oxidative stress in breast cancer risk and prognosis: A systematic review of the epidemiologic literature. Journal of Women's Health, 26, 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2016.5973
  • Luck, H.S. (1965). Catalase., In: H.U. Bergmeyer (Ed.) Methods in Analysis, Academic Press, London, 855-884.
  • Nousiainen, U., & Torronen. R. (1984). Differentiation of microsomal and cytosolic carboxylesterases in rat liver by in vivo and in vitro inhibition. General Pharmacology, 15, 223-227.
  • Ozkaya, A., Sahin, Z., Kuzu, M., Saglam, Y. S., Ozkaraca, M., Uckun, M., Yologlu, E., Comaklı, V., Demirdağ, R., & Yologlu, S. (2018). Role of geraniol against lead acetate-mediated hepatic damage and their interaction with liver carboxylesterase activity in rats. Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 124(1), 80-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2017.1364772
  • Ozmen, M., Ayas, Z., Güngördü, A., Ekmekci, G.F., & Yerli, S. (2008). Ecotoxicological assessment of water pollution in Sariyar Dam Lake, Turkey. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 70, 163-173.
  • Pandey, S., Parvez, S., Sayeed, I., Haque, R., Bin-Hafez, B., & Raisuddin, S. (2003). Biomarkers of oxidative stress: a comparative study of river Yamuna fish Wallago attu (Bl & Schn.). Science of the Total Environment, 309, 105-115.
  • Rajesha, J., Murthy, K.N., Kumar, M.K., Madhusudhan, B., & Ravishankar, G.A. (2006). Antioxidant potentials of flaxseed by in vivo model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(11), 3794-3799. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf053048a
  • Rao, W.J. (2006). Biochemical alterions in euryhaline fish, Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of an organophosphorus insectiside, monocrotophos. Chemosphere, 65(10), 1814- 1820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.015
  • Rekha, S.R., & Hamid, S. (2013). Histopathological effects of pesticide-cholopyrifos on kidney in albino rats. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 1(4), 465-475.
  • Rickard, S.E., Yuan, V.Y., Chen, J., & Thompson, L.U. (1999). Dose effects of flaxseed and its lignan on N-methyl- N-nitrosourea induced mammary tumorigenesis. Nutrition and Cancer, 35(1), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532791450-57
  • Rodriguez-Leyva, D., & Pierce, G.N. (2010). The cardiac and hemostatic effects of dietary hempseed. Nutrition & Metabolism, 7(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-7-32
  • Saed, G.M., Diamond, M.P., & Fletcher, N.M. (2017). Updates of the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Gynecologic Oncology, 45, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.033
  • Saggar, J.K., Chen, J., Corey, P., & Thompson, L.U. (2009). Dietary flaxseed lignan or oil combined with tamoxifen treatment affects MCF-7 tumor growth through estrogen receptor and growth factor-signaling pathways. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 54(3), 415–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200900068
  • Saha, S.K., Lee, S.B., Won, J., Choi, H.Y., Kim, K., Yang, G.M., Dayem, A.A., & Cho, S.G. (2017). Review Correlation between Oxidative Stress, Nutrition, and Cancer Initiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(7), 1544.
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Evaluation of the Effects of Flaxseed Feeding in Mice Exposed to Oxidative Stress with Various Biomarkers

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 12 - 17, 30.06.2021

İncilay Gökbulut Murat Özmen

https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.822146

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant effects of the consumption of flaxseed as a dietary supplement in mice exposed to N-methyl N-nitrosourea (MNU) as an oxidative stress agent. For this aim, 60 female mice (Mus musculus, BALB/c), 8 weeks old, weighing an average of 20 (±2 g) grams, were divided into six experimental groups and fed in various forms. A single dose (50 mg/kg) of MNU was administered by intraperitoneal injection. Groups were determined as the control group (standard pellet), Group 1 (1st week 50 mg/kg ip MNU + standard pellet/12 weeks), Group 2 (1st week 50 mg/kg ip MNU + 10% flaxseed pellet/12 weeks), Group 3 (first 6-week standard pellet + 6 weeks 50 mg/kg ip MNU + Last 6 weeks 10% flaxseed pellet), Group 4 (10% flaxseed pellet/12 weeks), and Group 5 (10% flaxseed pellet/12 week + 50 mg/kg ip MNU at 6th weeks). Flaxseed was added to the standard mice diet at a rate of 10% and administered orally (ad libitum). At the end of the 12th week, cervical dislocation was applied to the mice and their liver tissues were taken to evaluate the selected biochemical markers (AST, ALT, LDH, GST, GR, GPX, CAT, CaE, and EROD). There was a statistically significant decrease in LDH activity in all groups compared to the control (p<0.05). The increase in CaE activity in groups 1, 2, and 4 was found statistically significant (p<0.05). Also, the alterations in ALT activity in groups 3, 4, and 5 were found statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results from the biomarkers suggest that the giving of flaxseed alone did not cause a negative effect in mice, while MNU was toxic and flaxseed did not reduce the MNU effect.

Keywords

Biomarker Flaxseed N-methyl N-nitrousurea oxidative stress

Project Number

2007/43

References

  • APA American Psychological Association (2020). National center for biotechnology information. pubchem compound summary for CID 12699, N-Nitroso-N-methylurea. retrieved 24. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/N-Nitroso-N-methylurea.
  • Bernacchia, R., Preti R., & Vinci, G. (2014). Chemical composition and health benefits of flaxseed. Austin Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2(8), 1045-1054.
  • Bhatia, A.L., Sharma, A., Patni, S., & Sharma, A.L. (2007). Prophylactic effect of flaxseed oil against radiation-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Phytotherapy Research, 21, 852- 859. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2169
  • Bishri, W.M. (2013). Favorable effects of flaxseed supplemented diet on liver and kidney functions in hypertensive wistar rats. Journal of Oleo Science, 62(9), 709-715. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.62.709
  • Blasbaig, T.L., Hibbein, J.R., Ramsden, C.E., Majchrzak, S.F., & Rawlings R.R. (2011). Changesin consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the United States during the 20th century. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 93, 950–962. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.006643
  • Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
  • Chamberland, J.P., & Moon, H.S. (2015). Down regulation of malignant potential by alphalinolenic acid in human and mouse colon cancer cells. Familial Cancer, 14, 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10689-014-9762
  • Coşkun, T. (2005). Fonksiyonel besinlerin sağlığımız üzerine etkileri. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 48, 69-84.
  • Cribb, A.E., Leeder, J.S., & Spielberg, S.P. (1989). Use of a microplate reader in an assay of glutathione reductase using 5-5ı-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid). Analytical Biochemistry, 183, 195-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(89)90188-7
  • Ersoy, O. (2012). Karaciğer enzim yüksekliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Medical Journal, 12(3), 129-135.
  • Ferrari, A., Venturino, A., & D’Angelo, A.M.P. (2007). Effects of carbaryl and azinphos methyl on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) detoxyfying enzymes. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 88(2), 134-142.
  • Habig, W.H., Pabst, M.J., & Jacoby, W.B. (1974). Glutathione S-Transferases, The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 249, 7130-7135.
  • Hall, C., Tulbek, M.C., & Xu, T.Y. (2006). Elsevier Inc; Advances in food and nutrition research, in flaxseed, 2–3.
  • Haschke, F., Firmansyah, A., Meng, M., Steenhout, P., & Carrie, A.L. (2001). Functional food for infants and children. Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde, 149, 66-70.
  • Heimbach, J.T. (2009). Determination of the generally recognizedas safestatus ofthe addition of whole and milled flaxseed to conventional foods and meat and poultry products. In Flax Canada 2015. Port Royal, 1-78.
  • Iyengar, N.M., Hudis, C.A., & Gucalp, A. (2013). Omega-3 fatty acids for prevention of breast cancer: an update and the state of the science. Current Breast Cancer Reports, 5, 247–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12609-013-0112-1
  • İşleroğlu, H., Yıldırım, Z., & Yildirim M. (2005). Flax seed as a functional food. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 23-30.
  • Katare, C., Saxena, S., Agrawal, S., & Prasad, G.B.K.S. (2012). Flax Seed: A potential medicinal food. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 2(1), 1-8.
  • Konuklugil, B., & Bahadır, Ö. (2004). Linum Usitatissimum L. and its chemical constituents and biological activities. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(1), 63-84.
  • Kumar, R., Rastogi, A., Sharma M.K., Bhatia V., Tyagi, P., Sharma, P., Garg, H., Kumar, K.N.C., Bihari, C., & Sarin, S.K. (2013). Liver stiffness measurements in patients with different stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: diagnostic performance and clinicopathological correlation. Digestive Disease and Sciences, 58, 265–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-012-2306-1
  • Lamfon, H.A. (2011). Protective effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against metalaxyl induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice. Journal of American Science, 7(6), 1093-1100.
  • Lee, J.D., Cai, Q., Shu, X.O., & Nechuta, S.J. (2017). The role of biomarkers of oxidative stress in breast cancer risk and prognosis: A systematic review of the epidemiologic literature. Journal of Women's Health, 26, 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2016.5973
  • Luck, H.S. (1965). Catalase., In: H.U. Bergmeyer (Ed.) Methods in Analysis, Academic Press, London, 855-884.
  • Nousiainen, U., & Torronen. R. (1984). Differentiation of microsomal and cytosolic carboxylesterases in rat liver by in vivo and in vitro inhibition. General Pharmacology, 15, 223-227.
  • Ozkaya, A., Sahin, Z., Kuzu, M., Saglam, Y. S., Ozkaraca, M., Uckun, M., Yologlu, E., Comaklı, V., Demirdağ, R., & Yologlu, S. (2018). Role of geraniol against lead acetate-mediated hepatic damage and their interaction with liver carboxylesterase activity in rats. Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 124(1), 80-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2017.1364772
  • Ozmen, M., Ayas, Z., Güngördü, A., Ekmekci, G.F., & Yerli, S. (2008). Ecotoxicological assessment of water pollution in Sariyar Dam Lake, Turkey. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 70, 163-173.
  • Pandey, S., Parvez, S., Sayeed, I., Haque, R., Bin-Hafez, B., & Raisuddin, S. (2003). Biomarkers of oxidative stress: a comparative study of river Yamuna fish Wallago attu (Bl & Schn.). Science of the Total Environment, 309, 105-115.
  • Rajesha, J., Murthy, K.N., Kumar, M.K., Madhusudhan, B., & Ravishankar, G.A. (2006). Antioxidant potentials of flaxseed by in vivo model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(11), 3794-3799. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf053048a
  • Rao, W.J. (2006). Biochemical alterions in euryhaline fish, Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of an organophosphorus insectiside, monocrotophos. Chemosphere, 65(10), 1814- 1820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.015
  • Rekha, S.R., & Hamid, S. (2013). Histopathological effects of pesticide-cholopyrifos on kidney in albino rats. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 1(4), 465-475.
  • Rickard, S.E., Yuan, V.Y., Chen, J., & Thompson, L.U. (1999). Dose effects of flaxseed and its lignan on N-methyl- N-nitrosourea induced mammary tumorigenesis. Nutrition and Cancer, 35(1), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532791450-57
  • Rodriguez-Leyva, D., & Pierce, G.N. (2010). The cardiac and hemostatic effects of dietary hempseed. Nutrition & Metabolism, 7(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-7-32
  • Saed, G.M., Diamond, M.P., & Fletcher, N.M. (2017). Updates of the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Gynecologic Oncology, 45, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.033
  • Saggar, J.K., Chen, J., Corey, P., & Thompson, L.U. (2009). Dietary flaxseed lignan or oil combined with tamoxifen treatment affects MCF-7 tumor growth through estrogen receptor and growth factor-signaling pathways. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 54(3), 415–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200900068
  • Saha, S.K., Lee, S.B., Won, J., Choi, H.Y., Kim, K., Yang, G.M., Dayem, A.A., & Cho, S.G. (2017). Review Correlation between Oxidative Stress, Nutrition, and Cancer Initiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(7), 1544.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İncilay Gökbulut 0000-0003-4994-5788

Murat Özmen 0000-0003-4378-0839

Project Number 2007/43
Publication Date June 30, 2021
Submission Date November 6, 2020
Acceptance Date January 19, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gökbulut, İ., & Özmen, M. (2021). Oksidatif Strese Maruz Kalmış Farelerde Keten Tohumu ile Beslemenin Etkilerinin Çeşitli Biyobelirteçler ile Değerlendirilmesi. Commagene Journal of Biology, 5(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.822146
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