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Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 137 - 142, 28.03.2023

Esra Çikler İbrahim Söğüt Sezen Gizem Aydoğan Seda Kırmızıkan Canan Hürdağ

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048

Abstract

Thanks

Prof. Dr. Ertuğrul Kılıç. Vet. Hek. Musa Ekrem Özdemir ve Yük. Mak. Tek. Ali Şenbahçe'ye desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Edwards L, Guilliams TG. Chronic stress and the HPA axis: Clinical assessment and therapeutic considerations. The Standard. 2010;9(2):1-12.
  • Mawdsley JE, Rampton DS. Psychological Stress in IBD: New insights into pathogenic and therapeutic implications. Gut. 2005;54(10):1481-1491. DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.064261.
  • Bradesi S, Schwetz I, Ennes HS, Lamy CM, Ohning G, Fanselow M, Pothoulakis C, McRoberts JA, Mayer EA. Repeated exposure to water avoidance stress in rats: A new model for sustained visceral hyperalgesia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005;289(1):42-53. DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00500.2004.
  • Ersoy Y, Çikler E, Çetinel Ş, Şener G, Ercan F. Leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist montelukast alleviates water avoidance stress-induced degeneration of the gastrointestinal mucosa. PLEFA. 2008;78(3):189-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.01.007.
  • Nandam LS, Brazel M, Zhou M, Jhaveri DJ. Cortisol and major depressive disorder-translating findings from humans to animal models and back. Front Psychiatry. 2020;10:974. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00974.
  • Theoharides TC, Cochrane DE. Critical role of mast cells in inflammatory diseases and the effect of acute stress. J Neuroimmunol. 2004;146(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j. jneuroim.2003.10.041.
  • Aschbacher K, O’Donovan A, Wolkowitz OM, Dhabhar FS, Su Y, Epel E. Good stress, bad stress and oxidative stress: Insights from anticipatory cortisol reactivity. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(9):1698-1708. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.02.004.
  • Sogut I, Oglakcı A, Kartkaya K, Ol KK, Sogut MS, Kanbak G, Inal ME. Effect of boric acid on oxidative stress in rats with fetal alcohool syndrome. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(3):1023-1027. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2164.
  • Cetinel S, Ercan F, Cikler E, Contuk G, Sener G. Protective effect of melatonin on water avoidance stress induced degeneration of the bladder. J Urol. 2005;173(1):267-270. DOI: 10.1097/01. ju.000.014.5891.35810.56.
  • Overman EL, Rivier JE, Moeser AJ. CRF induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury via the releasevof mast cell proteases and TNF-α. PlosOne. 2012;7(6):e39935. DOI: 10.1371/journal. pone.0039935.
  • Schepetkin I, Khlebnikov A, Kwon BS. Medical drugs from humus matter: Focus on mumie. Drug Develop Res. 2002;57:140-159. DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10058.
  • Sparks DL. Environmental soil chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press; 2003. p.1-267.
  • Gandy JJ, Meeding JP, Snyman JR, Van Rensburg CE. Phase I clinical study of the acute and subacute safety and proof of concept efficacy of carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid. Clin Pharmacol. 2012;4:7-11. DOI: 10.2147/CPAA.S25784.
  • Afify AE-MMR, Konswa OK. Natural antioxidants of humic and fulvic acids against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide: in-vivo studies. Fresen Env Bull. 2017;26(10):5841-5848.
  • Bahçıvan C, Söğüt İ, Hürdağ C, Çikler-Dülger E. Investigation on the therapeutic effect of the fulvic acid upon the testicular damage occurred by the water avoidance stress (WAS). Bozok Medical Journal. 2018;8(4):60-68. DOI: 10.16919/bozoktip.421473.
  • Çikler-Dülger E, Söğüt İ. Investigation of the protective effects of boric acid on ethanol induced kidney injury. Biotech Histochem. 2020;95(3):186-193. DOI: 10.1080/10520.295.2019.1662086.
  • Chrosus JP. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5(7):374-381. DOI: 10.1038/ nrendo.2009.106.
  • Lassnig R. Hofmann P. Life crisis as a consequence of depression and anxiety. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2007;157(17-18):435-444. DOI: 10.1007/s10354.007.0455-1.
  • Patki G, Solanki N, Atrooz F, Allam F, Salim S. Depression, anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model of social stress. Brain Res. 2013;1539:73-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.033.
  • Enck P, Aziz Q, Barbara G, Farmer AD, Fukudo S, Mayer EA, Niesler B, Quigley EM, Rajilić-Stojanović M, Schemann M, Schwille-Kiuntke J, Simren M, Zipfel S, Spiller RC. Irritable bowel syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2013;2:16014. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.14.
  • Jacob C, Yang PC, Darmoul D, Amadesi S, Saito T, Cottrell GS, Coelho AM, Singh P, Grady EF, Perdue M, Bunnett NW. Mast cell tryptase controls paracellular permeability of the intestine. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(36):31936–31948. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M506338200.
  • Söderholm JD, Yang PC, Ceponis P, Vohra A, Riddell R, Sherman PM, Perdue MH. Chronic stress induced mast cell-dependent bacterial adherence and initiates mucosal inflammation in rat intestine. Gastroenterology 2002;123(4):1099-1108. DOI: 10.1053/gast.2002.36019.
  • Nozu T, Kumei S, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Water avoidance stress enhances gastric contractions in freely moving conscious rats: Role of peripheral CRF receptors. J Gastroenterol. 2014;49(5):799-805. DOI: 10.1007/s00535.013.0828-8.
  • Vivinus-Nébot M, Dainese R, Anty R, Saint-Paul MC, Nano JL, Gonthier N, Marjoux S, Frin-Mathy G, Bernard G, Hébuterne X, Tran A, Theodorou V, Piche T. Combination of allergic factors can worsen diarrheic irritable bowel syndrome: Role of barrier defects and mast cells. Am J Gastroenterol Suppl. 2012;107(1):75-81. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.315.
  • Sun Y, Zhang M, Chen CC, Gillilland M 3rd, Sun X, El- Zaatari M, Huffnagle GB, Young VB, Zhang J, Hong SC, Chang YM, Gumucio DL, Owyang C, Kao JY. Stress-induced corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated NLRP6 inflammasome nhibition and transmissible enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology. 2013;144(7):1478-1487. DOI: 10.1053/j. gastro.2013.02.038.
  • Zeybek A, Ercan F, Cetinle S, Cikler E, Sağlam B, Sener G. Taurine ameliorates water avoidance stress-induced degenerations of gastrointestinal tract and liver. Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51(10):1853- 1861. DOI: 10.1007/s10620.006.9425-5.
  • Duthie GG, Arthur JR, Nicol F, Walker M. Increased indices of lipid peroxidation in stress-susceptible pigs and effects of vitamin E. Res Vet Sci. 1989;46(2):226-230.
  • Sogut I, Paltun OS, Tunçdemir M, Ersoz M, Hurdag C. The antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect of boric acid on hepatoxicity in chronic alcohol-fed rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018;96(4):404-411. DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0487.
  • Repetto MG, Llesuy SF. Antioxidant properties of natural compounds used in popular medicine for gastric ulcers. Braz J Med Biol. 2002;35(5):523-534. DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x200.200.0500003.
  • Goel RK, Banerjee RS, Acharya SB. Antiulcerogenic and antiinflammatory studies with shilajit. J Ethnopharmacol.1990;29(1):95-103. DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(90)90102-y.

The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 137 - 142, 28.03.2023

Esra Çikler İbrahim Söğüt Sezen Gizem Aydoğan Seda Kırmızıkan Canan Hürdağ

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048

Abstract

Objective: Chronic stress plays an important role in the etiology of many inflammatory diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a source of free radicals, act as signaling molecules in the progression of stress-related inflammatory diseases. Oxidative stress occurs as a result of an increase in free radicals in the tissues. The damage caused by oxidative stress can be reduced by antioxidant replacement. In our study, the effect of fulvic acid, a powerful antioxidant, on the damage caused by the water avoidance stress model in the rat colon was investigated morphologically and biochemically.
Methods: Experimental groups (n=6, Sprague-Dawley male rats, 300 g): control (C), water avoidance stress (WAS), and water avoidance stress+fulvic acid (WAS+FA). Rats in the WAS + FA group were given a single dose of FA (150 mg/kg i.p.) immediately after exposure to water avoidance stress. The colons were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analyzed biochemically.
Results: Compared to the C group, the WAS group showed epithelial damage, a few empty goblet cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, and many active mast cells in the connective tissue. Mucosal integrity, the number of goblet cells, and mast cell activity improved in the WAS+FA group as compared to the WAS group. Biochemically, as compared to the C group, TAS levels decreased, and TOS and OSI levels increased in the WAS group. In the WAS+FA group, TAS levels increased, and TOS and OSI levels decreased with respect to those in the WAS group.
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that fulvic acid reduced the damage caused by chronic oxidative stress in the colon.

Keywords

Fulvic acid water avoidance stress oxidative stress inflammation colon

References

  • Edwards L, Guilliams TG. Chronic stress and the HPA axis: Clinical assessment and therapeutic considerations. The Standard. 2010;9(2):1-12.
  • Mawdsley JE, Rampton DS. Psychological Stress in IBD: New insights into pathogenic and therapeutic implications. Gut. 2005;54(10):1481-1491. DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.064261.
  • Bradesi S, Schwetz I, Ennes HS, Lamy CM, Ohning G, Fanselow M, Pothoulakis C, McRoberts JA, Mayer EA. Repeated exposure to water avoidance stress in rats: A new model for sustained visceral hyperalgesia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005;289(1):42-53. DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00500.2004.
  • Ersoy Y, Çikler E, Çetinel Ş, Şener G, Ercan F. Leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist montelukast alleviates water avoidance stress-induced degeneration of the gastrointestinal mucosa. PLEFA. 2008;78(3):189-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.01.007.
  • Nandam LS, Brazel M, Zhou M, Jhaveri DJ. Cortisol and major depressive disorder-translating findings from humans to animal models and back. Front Psychiatry. 2020;10:974. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00974.
  • Theoharides TC, Cochrane DE. Critical role of mast cells in inflammatory diseases and the effect of acute stress. J Neuroimmunol. 2004;146(1-2):1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j. jneuroim.2003.10.041.
  • Aschbacher K, O’Donovan A, Wolkowitz OM, Dhabhar FS, Su Y, Epel E. Good stress, bad stress and oxidative stress: Insights from anticipatory cortisol reactivity. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(9):1698-1708. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.02.004.
  • Sogut I, Oglakcı A, Kartkaya K, Ol KK, Sogut MS, Kanbak G, Inal ME. Effect of boric acid on oxidative stress in rats with fetal alcohool syndrome. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(3):1023-1027. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2164.
  • Cetinel S, Ercan F, Cikler E, Contuk G, Sener G. Protective effect of melatonin on water avoidance stress induced degeneration of the bladder. J Urol. 2005;173(1):267-270. DOI: 10.1097/01. ju.000.014.5891.35810.56.
  • Overman EL, Rivier JE, Moeser AJ. CRF induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury via the releasevof mast cell proteases and TNF-α. PlosOne. 2012;7(6):e39935. DOI: 10.1371/journal. pone.0039935.
  • Schepetkin I, Khlebnikov A, Kwon BS. Medical drugs from humus matter: Focus on mumie. Drug Develop Res. 2002;57:140-159. DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10058.
  • Sparks DL. Environmental soil chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press; 2003. p.1-267.
  • Gandy JJ, Meeding JP, Snyman JR, Van Rensburg CE. Phase I clinical study of the acute and subacute safety and proof of concept efficacy of carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid. Clin Pharmacol. 2012;4:7-11. DOI: 10.2147/CPAA.S25784.
  • Afify AE-MMR, Konswa OK. Natural antioxidants of humic and fulvic acids against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide: in-vivo studies. Fresen Env Bull. 2017;26(10):5841-5848.
  • Bahçıvan C, Söğüt İ, Hürdağ C, Çikler-Dülger E. Investigation on the therapeutic effect of the fulvic acid upon the testicular damage occurred by the water avoidance stress (WAS). Bozok Medical Journal. 2018;8(4):60-68. DOI: 10.16919/bozoktip.421473.
  • Çikler-Dülger E, Söğüt İ. Investigation of the protective effects of boric acid on ethanol induced kidney injury. Biotech Histochem. 2020;95(3):186-193. DOI: 10.1080/10520.295.2019.1662086.
  • Chrosus JP. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5(7):374-381. DOI: 10.1038/ nrendo.2009.106.
  • Lassnig R. Hofmann P. Life crisis as a consequence of depression and anxiety. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2007;157(17-18):435-444. DOI: 10.1007/s10354.007.0455-1.
  • Patki G, Solanki N, Atrooz F, Allam F, Salim S. Depression, anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model of social stress. Brain Res. 2013;1539:73-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.033.
  • Enck P, Aziz Q, Barbara G, Farmer AD, Fukudo S, Mayer EA, Niesler B, Quigley EM, Rajilić-Stojanović M, Schemann M, Schwille-Kiuntke J, Simren M, Zipfel S, Spiller RC. Irritable bowel syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2013;2:16014. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.14.
  • Jacob C, Yang PC, Darmoul D, Amadesi S, Saito T, Cottrell GS, Coelho AM, Singh P, Grady EF, Perdue M, Bunnett NW. Mast cell tryptase controls paracellular permeability of the intestine. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(36):31936–31948. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M506338200.
  • Söderholm JD, Yang PC, Ceponis P, Vohra A, Riddell R, Sherman PM, Perdue MH. Chronic stress induced mast cell-dependent bacterial adherence and initiates mucosal inflammation in rat intestine. Gastroenterology 2002;123(4):1099-1108. DOI: 10.1053/gast.2002.36019.
  • Nozu T, Kumei S, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Water avoidance stress enhances gastric contractions in freely moving conscious rats: Role of peripheral CRF receptors. J Gastroenterol. 2014;49(5):799-805. DOI: 10.1007/s00535.013.0828-8.
  • Vivinus-Nébot M, Dainese R, Anty R, Saint-Paul MC, Nano JL, Gonthier N, Marjoux S, Frin-Mathy G, Bernard G, Hébuterne X, Tran A, Theodorou V, Piche T. Combination of allergic factors can worsen diarrheic irritable bowel syndrome: Role of barrier defects and mast cells. Am J Gastroenterol Suppl. 2012;107(1):75-81. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.315.
  • Sun Y, Zhang M, Chen CC, Gillilland M 3rd, Sun X, El- Zaatari M, Huffnagle GB, Young VB, Zhang J, Hong SC, Chang YM, Gumucio DL, Owyang C, Kao JY. Stress-induced corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated NLRP6 inflammasome nhibition and transmissible enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology. 2013;144(7):1478-1487. DOI: 10.1053/j. gastro.2013.02.038.
  • Zeybek A, Ercan F, Cetinle S, Cikler E, Sağlam B, Sener G. Taurine ameliorates water avoidance stress-induced degenerations of gastrointestinal tract and liver. Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51(10):1853- 1861. DOI: 10.1007/s10620.006.9425-5.
  • Duthie GG, Arthur JR, Nicol F, Walker M. Increased indices of lipid peroxidation in stress-susceptible pigs and effects of vitamin E. Res Vet Sci. 1989;46(2):226-230.
  • Sogut I, Paltun OS, Tunçdemir M, Ersoz M, Hurdag C. The antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect of boric acid on hepatoxicity in chronic alcohol-fed rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018;96(4):404-411. DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0487.
  • Repetto MG, Llesuy SF. Antioxidant properties of natural compounds used in popular medicine for gastric ulcers. Braz J Med Biol. 2002;35(5):523-534. DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x200.200.0500003.
  • Goel RK, Banerjee RS, Acharya SB. Antiulcerogenic and antiinflammatory studies with shilajit. J Ethnopharmacol.1990;29(1):95-103. DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(90)90102-y.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Esra Çikler 0000-0002-5756-5892

İbrahim Söğüt 0000-0001-7724-6488

Sezen Gizem Aydoğan 0000-0003-0238-5541

Seda Kırmızıkan 0000-0002-5652-778X

Canan Hürdağ 0000-0003-3336-0830

Publication Date March 28, 2023
Submission Date January 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çikler, E., Söğüt, İ., Aydoğan, S. G., Kırmızıkan, S., et al. (2023). The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(1), 137-142. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048
AMA Çikler E, Söğüt İ, Aydoğan SG, Kırmızıkan S, Hürdağ C. The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. March 2023;13(1):137-142. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048
Chicago Çikler, Esra, İbrahim Söğüt, Sezen Gizem Aydoğan, Seda Kırmızıkan, and Canan Hürdağ. “The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 1 (March 2023): 137-42. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048.
EndNote Çikler E, Söğüt İ, Aydoğan SG, Kırmızıkan S, Hürdağ C (March 1, 2023) The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 1 137–142.
IEEE E. Çikler, İ. Söğüt, S. G. Aydoğan, S. Kırmızıkan, and C. Hürdağ, “The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 137–142, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048.
ISNAD Çikler, Esra et al. “The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/1 (March 2023), 137-142. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048.
JAMA Çikler E, Söğüt İ, Aydoğan SG, Kırmızıkan S, Hürdağ C. The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:137–142.
MLA Çikler, Esra et al. “The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023, pp. 137-42, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048.
Vancouver Çikler E, Söğüt İ, Aydoğan SG, Kırmızıkan S, Hürdağ C. The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(1):137-42.
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