BibTex RIS Cite

In vitro testing for genotoxicity of indigoid dyes by comet assay

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 108 - 112, 30.01.2014

Abstract

Objective: Indigo and indigoid dyes are natural dyes and have been known since Bronze Age (B.C. 2000). Nowadays, indigoid dyes are widely used in the industry of textile, cosmetic, food and medicine. The aim of this study was to estimate the DNA damage of indigotin, 6-bromo indigotin, indirubin and 6-bromo indirubin by in vitro alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE-Comet) in the peripheral lymphocytes. 

Methods: The cytotoxic effects of indigo and indigoid dyes were assessed by trypan blue exclusion. The cells were incubated with 10, 25, 50 μg/mL of the test substances for 30 min at 37°C. Comet assay was used to evaluate the genotoxic effect of test substances on human peripheral lymphocytes.

Results: Our results revealed that indigotin and 6-bromo indigotin increased the DNA migration in a dose-dependent manner. DNA damage was higher in cells that had been incubated with 50 μg/mL indigotin and 6-bromo indigotin (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: Our results indicate that indigo and indigoid dyes would be genotoxic at higher concentrations. It is probable that a genotoxic effect might occur due to the fact that the individuals who have worked with these dyestuffs, both in the past and today, used highly concentrated dyes.


Key words: Indigotin, 6-bromo indigotin, indirubin, 6-bromo indirubin, comet assay, DNA damage

References

  • Hoessel R, Leclerc S, Endicott JA, Nobel ME, Lawrie A, Tunnah P, Leost M, Damiens E, Marie D, Marko D, Niederberger E, Tang W, Eisenbrand G, Meijer L. Indirubin, the active constituent of a Chinese antileukaemia medicine, inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases. Nat Cell Biol. 1999;1: 60-67.
  • Pawlak K, Puchalska M, Miszczak A, Rosłoniec E, Jarosz M. Blue natural organic dyestuffs--from textile dyeing to mural painting. Separation and characterization of coloring matters present in elderberry, logwood and indigo. J Mass Spectrom. 2006;41: 613-622.
  • Recio MC, Cerdá-Nicolás M, Potterat O, Hamburger M, Ríos JL. Anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity in vivo of lipophilic Isatis tinctoria extracts and tryptanthrin. Planta Med. 2006;72: 539-546.
  • Cooksey CJ. Tyrian purple: 6,6’-dibromoindigo and related compounds. Molecules. 2001;6: 736-769.
  • Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki YF. Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2000;35: 206-221.
  • Kassie F, Parzefall W, Knasmüller S. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: a new technique for human biomonitoring studies. Mutat Res. 2000;463: 13-31.
  • Dhawan A, Bajpayee M, Parmar D. The Comet Assay: A Versatile Tool for Assessing DNA Damage. In: The Comet Assay in Toxicology. Eds: Dhawan A, Anderson D. 1st ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry; 2009. p. 3-5.
  • Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res. 1988;175: 184-191.
  • Collins AR. The comet assay. Principles, applications, and limitations. Methods Mol Biol. 2002;203: 163-177.
  • Labib S, Berdai MA, Bendadi A, Achour S, Harandou M. Fatal poisoning due to Indigofera. Arch Pediatr. 2012;9: 59-61.
  • Jongen WM, Alink GM. Enzyme-mediated mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium of contaminants of synthetic indigo products. Food Chem Toxicol. 1982;20: 917-920.
  • Rannug U, Bramstedt H, Nilsson U. The presence of genotoxic and bioactive components in indigo dyed fabrics - a possible health risk? Mutat Res. 1992;282: 219-225.
  • Hesbert A, Bottin MC, de Ceaurriz J, Protois JC, Cavelier C. Testing natural indigo for genotoxicity. Toxicol Lett. 1984;21: 119-125.
  • Dominici L, Cerbone B, Villarini M, Fatigoni C, Moretti M. In vitro testing for genotoxicity of indigo naturalis assessed by micronucleus test. Nat Prod Commun. 2010;5: 1039-1042.

İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 108 - 112, 30.01.2014

Abstract

Amaç: Doğal kaynaklı indigo ve indigoid boyalar; Bronz Çağı’ndan (M.Ö. 2000) beri bilinmektedir. Son dönemde ise indigoid boyalar sıklıkla tekstil, kozmetik, gıda ve ilaç endüstrisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, in vitro alkali tek-hücre jel elektroforez (Comet) tekniği ile indigotin, 6-bromo indigotin, indirubin ve 6-bromo indirubin’in insan lenfositlerinde neden olabileceği olası DNA hasarını değerlendirmektir

Yöntemler: İndigo ve indigoid boyaların sitotoksik etkisi, tripan mavisi yöntemi ile incelendi. Hücreler test bileşiklerinin 10, 25, 50 μg/mL’lik konsantrasyonları ile 37°C’de 30 dak inkübasyona bırakıldı. Test bileşiklerinin insan periferal lenfositleri üzerine genotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmek amacı ile comet tekniği kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Bu çalışma ile indigotin ve 6-bromo indigotin’in doza bağlı olarak DNA göçünü artırdığı görüldü. İndigotin ve 6-bromo indigotin’in 50 μg/mL’lik konsantrasyonu ile inkübe edilen hücrelerde DNA hasarı artmıştır (p<0.05). 

Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre, indigo ve indigoid boyaların yüksek konsantrasyonda genotoksik etkiye yol açabileceği ileri sürülebilir. Sonuç olarak, boyarmaddeler ile çalışan bireylerde yüksek konsantrasyonda boyaların genotoksik etkiye yol açabileceği göz önünde tutulmalıdır.


Anahtar Kelimeler : İndigotin, 6-bromo indigotin, indirubin, 6-bromo indirubin, comet tekniği, DNA hasarı

References

  • Hoessel R, Leclerc S, Endicott JA, Nobel ME, Lawrie A, Tunnah P, Leost M, Damiens E, Marie D, Marko D, Niederberger E, Tang W, Eisenbrand G, Meijer L. Indirubin, the active constituent of a Chinese antileukaemia medicine, inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases. Nat Cell Biol. 1999;1: 60-67.
  • Pawlak K, Puchalska M, Miszczak A, Rosłoniec E, Jarosz M. Blue natural organic dyestuffs--from textile dyeing to mural painting. Separation and characterization of coloring matters present in elderberry, logwood and indigo. J Mass Spectrom. 2006;41: 613-622.
  • Recio MC, Cerdá-Nicolás M, Potterat O, Hamburger M, Ríos JL. Anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity in vivo of lipophilic Isatis tinctoria extracts and tryptanthrin. Planta Med. 2006;72: 539-546.
  • Cooksey CJ. Tyrian purple: 6,6’-dibromoindigo and related compounds. Molecules. 2001;6: 736-769.
  • Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki YF. Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2000;35: 206-221.
  • Kassie F, Parzefall W, Knasmüller S. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: a new technique for human biomonitoring studies. Mutat Res. 2000;463: 13-31.
  • Dhawan A, Bajpayee M, Parmar D. The Comet Assay: A Versatile Tool for Assessing DNA Damage. In: The Comet Assay in Toxicology. Eds: Dhawan A, Anderson D. 1st ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry; 2009. p. 3-5.
  • Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res. 1988;175: 184-191.
  • Collins AR. The comet assay. Principles, applications, and limitations. Methods Mol Biol. 2002;203: 163-177.
  • Labib S, Berdai MA, Bendadi A, Achour S, Harandou M. Fatal poisoning due to Indigofera. Arch Pediatr. 2012;9: 59-61.
  • Jongen WM, Alink GM. Enzyme-mediated mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium of contaminants of synthetic indigo products. Food Chem Toxicol. 1982;20: 917-920.
  • Rannug U, Bramstedt H, Nilsson U. The presence of genotoxic and bioactive components in indigo dyed fabrics - a possible health risk? Mutat Res. 1992;282: 219-225.
  • Hesbert A, Bottin MC, de Ceaurriz J, Protois JC, Cavelier C. Testing natural indigo for genotoxicity. Toxicol Lett. 1984;21: 119-125.
  • Dominici L, Cerbone B, Villarini M, Fatigoni C, Moretti M. In vitro testing for genotoxicity of indigo naturalis assessed by micronucleus test. Nat Prod Commun. 2010;5: 1039-1042.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Seher Karslı-çeppioğlu

Türkan Yurdun This is me

Publication Date January 30, 2014
Submission Date January 30, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karslı-çeppioğlu, S., & Yurdun, T. (2014). İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 2(3), 108-112.
AMA Karslı-çeppioğlu S, Yurdun T. İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. February 2014;2(3):108-112.
Chicago Karslı-çeppioğlu, Seher, and Türkan Yurdun. “İndigoid boyaların Genotoksik Etkisinin in Vitro Comet tekniği Ile değerlendirilmesi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 2, no. 3 (February 2014): 108-12.
EndNote Karslı-çeppioğlu S, Yurdun T (February 1, 2014) İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 2 3 108–112.
IEEE S. Karslı-çeppioğlu and T. Yurdun, “İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 108–112, 2014.
ISNAD Karslı-çeppioğlu, Seher - Yurdun, Türkan. “İndigoid boyaların Genotoksik Etkisinin in Vitro Comet tekniği Ile değerlendirilmesi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 2/3 (February 2014), 108-112.
JAMA Karslı-çeppioğlu S, Yurdun T. İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;2:108–112.
MLA Karslı-çeppioğlu, Seher and Türkan Yurdun. “İndigoid boyaların Genotoksik Etkisinin in Vitro Comet tekniği Ile değerlendirilmesi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 2, no. 3, 2014, pp. 108-12.
Vancouver Karslı-çeppioğlu S, Yurdun T. İndigoid boyaların genotoksik etkisinin in vitro comet tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;2(3):108-12.

14639   14640