Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19

Ebru Yalçın; Berna Akova

Research Article

Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 43 - 47, 31.12.2021

Ebru Yalçın Berna Akova

Abstract

Coronaviruses have been known to infect wild and domestic animals and humans. The infections caused by these viruses may involve different organs and systems both in animals and humans. Ocular involvement by coronaviruses have been demonstrated in animals. The ocular involvement in humans has yet to be clarified particularly in Sars-Coronavirus-2 (Sars-CoV-2) infection. In this review, we will discuss the ocular signs of feline coronavirus leading to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in felids and Sars-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. We will look into similarities and differences.

Keywords

COVID-19, feline enteric virus, feline infectious peritonitis, SARS-CoV 2, uveitis, conjunctivits, ocular

References

1. Buonavoglia C, Decaro N, Martella V, et al. Canine Coronavirus Highly Pathogenic for Dogs. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2006; 12(3):492-4.
2. Abdel-Moneim AS, Abdelwhab EM. Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Animal Hosts. Pathogens. 2020; 30;9(7):529.
3. Decaro N, Lorusso A. Novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A lesson from animal coronaviruses. Vet Microbiol. 2020; 244:108693.
4. Su S, Wong G, Shi W et al. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trends in Microbiology. 2016, 24, 490–502.
5. Pedersen NC. An update on feline infectious peritonitis: virology and immunopathogenesis. Vet J. 2014; 201(2):123-32.
6. Pedersen NC, Allen CE, Lyons LA. Pathogenesis of feline enteric coronavirus infection. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10(6):529-41.
7. Pedersen NC, Sato R, Foley JE, Poland AM. Common virus infections in cats, before and after being placed in shelters, with emphasis on feline enteric coronavirus. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6(2):83-8.
8. Vogel L, Van der Lubben M, te Lintelo EG et al. Pathogenic characteristics of persistent feline enteric coronavirus infection in cats. Vet Res. 2010; 41(5):71.
9. Vennema H, Poland A, Foley J, Pedersen NC. Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses. Virology. 1998; 30;243(1):150-7.
10. Pedersen NC, Boyle JF, Floyd K, Fudge A, Barker J. An enteric coronavirus infection of cats and its relationship to feline infectious peritonitis. Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42(3):368-77.
11. Pedersen NC, Boyle JF, Floyd K. Infection studies in kittens, using feline infectious peritonitis virus propagated in cell culture. Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42(3):363-7.
12. Addie DD, Toth S, Murray GD, Jarrett O. Risk of feline infectious peritonitis in cats naturally infected with feline coronavirus. Am J Vet Res. 1995; 56(4):429-34.
13. Addie DD. Clustering of feline coronaviruses in multicat households. Vet J. 2000; 159(1):8-9.
14. Barker EN, Tasker S, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, et al. Phylogenetic analysis of feline coronavirus strains in an epizootic outbreak of feline infectious peritonitis. J Vet Intern Med. 2013; 27(3):445-50.
15. Riemer F, Kuehner KA, Ritz S, Sauter-Louis C, Hartmann K. Clinical and laboratory features of cats with feline infectious peritonitis--a retrospective study of 231 confirmed cases (2000-2010). J Feline Med Surg. 2016; 18(4):348-56.
16. Pesteanu-Somogyi LD, Radzai C, Pressler BM. Prevalence of feline infectious peritonitis in specific cat breeds. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8(1):1-5.
17. Rohrbach BW, Legendre AM, Baldwin CA, et al. Epidemiology of feline infectious peritonitis among cats examined at veterinary medical teaching hospitals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 1;218(7):1111-5.
18. Foley J, Pedersen N. The inheritance of susceptibility to feline infectious peritonitis in purebred catteries. Feline Pract.1996; 24:14-22.
19. Kennedy MA. Feline infectious peritonitis: Update on pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2020; 50(5):1001-11.
20. Barker, E. and Tasker, S. Update on feline infectious peritonitis. In Practice. 2020; 42: 372-383.
21. Giori L, Giordano A, Giudice C, Grieco V, Paltrinieri S. Performances of different diagnostic tests for feline infectious peritonitis in challenging clinical cases. J Small Anim Pract. 2011; 52(3):152-7.
22. Pedersen NC. A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963-2008. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11(4):225-58.
23. Kipar A, Meli ML. Feline infectious peritonitis: still an enigma? Vet Pathol. 2014; 51(2):505-26.
24. Singh M, Foster DJ, Child G, Lamb WA. Inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid analysis in cats: clinical diagnosis and outcome. J Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7(2):77-93. , 25. Hartmann K. Feline infectious peritonitis. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice. 2005; 35(1):39-79.,
26. Wiggans, K.T, Vernau, W, Lappin, M.R, Thomasy, S.M, Maggs, D.J. Diagnostic utility of aqueocentesis and aqueous humor analysis in dogs and cats with anterior uveitis. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2014, 17:212–20.
27. Felten S, Hartmann K. Diagnosis of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Review of the Current Literature. Viruses. 2019; 11(11):1068
28. Ziolkowska, N, Pazdzior-Czapula, K, Lewczuk, B, et al. Feline infectious peritonitis: Immunohistochemical features of ocular inflammation and the distribution of viral antigens in structures of the eye. Vet. Pathol. 2017; 54: 933–44.
29. Paltrinieri S, Giordano A, Stranieri A, Lauzi S. Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19): Are they similar? Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021; 68(4):1786-99.
30. Ho D, Low R, Tong L, Gupta V, Veeraraghavan A, Agrawal R. Covid-19 and the ocular surface: a review of transmission and manifestations. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 3;28(5):726-34
31. Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis ML, Lely AT, Navis G, van Goor H. Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol. 2004; 203(2): 631–7.
32. Szczęśniak M, Brydak-Godowska J. SARS-CoV-2 and the eyes: A review of the literature on transmission, detection, and ocular manifestations. Med Sci Monit. 2021, 11;27: e931863.
33. Hok K. Morbidity, mortality and coronavirus antigen in previously coronavirus free kittens placed in two catteries with feline infectious peritonitis. Acta Vet Scand. 1993; 34:203–210
34. Iriqat S, Yousef Q, Ereqat S. Clinical profile of COVID-19 patients presenting with uveitis - a short case series. Int Med Case Rep J. 2021; 23;14: 421-7.
35. Mazzotta C, Giancipoli E. Anterior acute uveitis report in a SARS-CoV-2 patient managed with adjunctive topical antiseptic prophylaxis preventing 2019-nCoV spread through the ocular surface route. Int Med Case Rep J. 2020; 13: 513-20.
36. Benito-Pascual B, Gegúndez JA, Díaz-Valle D, et al. Panuveitis and optic neuritis as a possible initial presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 28(6):922-2.
37. Gündoğan M, Vural E, Bayram N, Altunel O, Gündoğan F, Göktaş S. Change in retinal vessel diameter and choroidal thickness in patients with severe COVID-19: change in retinal parameters in patients with severe COVID-19. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021; 5; 37:102674.
38. Jidigam VK, Singh R, Batoki JC, et al. Histopathological assessments reveal retinal vascular changes, inflammation, and gliosis in patients with lethal COVID-19. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021; 29:1–14.
39. Marinho PM, Marcos AAA, Romano AC, et al. Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19. Lancet. 2020; 395(10237):1610
40. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C et al. Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020; 138:575–8.
41. Mehta, P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall R.S, Manson J.J; HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK, 2020. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet pii: S0140-6736(20)3062.
42. Argun Kivanç S, Akova B. Loss of ocular surface sensation in a Covid-19 patient-a novel finding. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021; 31:1-2.
43. Seah I, Agrawal R. Can the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Affect the eyes? A review of coronaviruses and ocular implications in humans and animals. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 2;28(3):391-5.

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 43 - 47, 31.12.2021

Ebru Yalçın Berna Akova

Abstract

References

1. Buonavoglia C, Decaro N, Martella V, et al. Canine Coronavirus Highly Pathogenic for Dogs. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2006; 12(3):492-4.
2. Abdel-Moneim AS, Abdelwhab EM. Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Animal Hosts. Pathogens. 2020; 30;9(7):529.
3. Decaro N, Lorusso A. Novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A lesson from animal coronaviruses. Vet Microbiol. 2020; 244:108693.
4. Su S, Wong G, Shi W et al. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trends in Microbiology. 2016, 24, 490–502.
5. Pedersen NC. An update on feline infectious peritonitis: virology and immunopathogenesis. Vet J. 2014; 201(2):123-32.
6. Pedersen NC, Allen CE, Lyons LA. Pathogenesis of feline enteric coronavirus infection. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10(6):529-41.
7. Pedersen NC, Sato R, Foley JE, Poland AM. Common virus infections in cats, before and after being placed in shelters, with emphasis on feline enteric coronavirus. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6(2):83-8.
8. Vogel L, Van der Lubben M, te Lintelo EG et al. Pathogenic characteristics of persistent feline enteric coronavirus infection in cats. Vet Res. 2010; 41(5):71.
9. Vennema H, Poland A, Foley J, Pedersen NC. Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses. Virology. 1998; 30;243(1):150-7.
10. Pedersen NC, Boyle JF, Floyd K, Fudge A, Barker J. An enteric coronavirus infection of cats and its relationship to feline infectious peritonitis. Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42(3):368-77.
11. Pedersen NC, Boyle JF, Floyd K. Infection studies in kittens, using feline infectious peritonitis virus propagated in cell culture. Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42(3):363-7.
12. Addie DD, Toth S, Murray GD, Jarrett O. Risk of feline infectious peritonitis in cats naturally infected with feline coronavirus. Am J Vet Res. 1995; 56(4):429-34.
13. Addie DD. Clustering of feline coronaviruses in multicat households. Vet J. 2000; 159(1):8-9.
14. Barker EN, Tasker S, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, et al. Phylogenetic analysis of feline coronavirus strains in an epizootic outbreak of feline infectious peritonitis. J Vet Intern Med. 2013; 27(3):445-50.
15. Riemer F, Kuehner KA, Ritz S, Sauter-Louis C, Hartmann K. Clinical and laboratory features of cats with feline infectious peritonitis--a retrospective study of 231 confirmed cases (2000-2010). J Feline Med Surg. 2016; 18(4):348-56.
16. Pesteanu-Somogyi LD, Radzai C, Pressler BM. Prevalence of feline infectious peritonitis in specific cat breeds. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8(1):1-5.
17. Rohrbach BW, Legendre AM, Baldwin CA, et al. Epidemiology of feline infectious peritonitis among cats examined at veterinary medical teaching hospitals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 1;218(7):1111-5.
18. Foley J, Pedersen N. The inheritance of susceptibility to feline infectious peritonitis in purebred catteries. Feline Pract.1996; 24:14-22.
19. Kennedy MA. Feline infectious peritonitis: Update on pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2020; 50(5):1001-11.
20. Barker, E. and Tasker, S. Update on feline infectious peritonitis. In Practice. 2020; 42: 372-383.
21. Giori L, Giordano A, Giudice C, Grieco V, Paltrinieri S. Performances of different diagnostic tests for feline infectious peritonitis in challenging clinical cases. J Small Anim Pract. 2011; 52(3):152-7.
22. Pedersen NC. A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963-2008. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11(4):225-58.
23. Kipar A, Meli ML. Feline infectious peritonitis: still an enigma? Vet Pathol. 2014; 51(2):505-26.
24. Singh M, Foster DJ, Child G, Lamb WA. Inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid analysis in cats: clinical diagnosis and outcome. J Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7(2):77-93. , 25. Hartmann K. Feline infectious peritonitis. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice. 2005; 35(1):39-79.,
26. Wiggans, K.T, Vernau, W, Lappin, M.R, Thomasy, S.M, Maggs, D.J. Diagnostic utility of aqueocentesis and aqueous humor analysis in dogs and cats with anterior uveitis. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2014, 17:212–20.
27. Felten S, Hartmann K. Diagnosis of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Review of the Current Literature. Viruses. 2019; 11(11):1068
28. Ziolkowska, N, Pazdzior-Czapula, K, Lewczuk, B, et al. Feline infectious peritonitis: Immunohistochemical features of ocular inflammation and the distribution of viral antigens in structures of the eye. Vet. Pathol. 2017; 54: 933–44.
29. Paltrinieri S, Giordano A, Stranieri A, Lauzi S. Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19): Are they similar? Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021; 68(4):1786-99.
30. Ho D, Low R, Tong L, Gupta V, Veeraraghavan A, Agrawal R. Covid-19 and the ocular surface: a review of transmission and manifestations. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 3;28(5):726-34
31. Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis ML, Lely AT, Navis G, van Goor H. Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol. 2004; 203(2): 631–7.
32. Szczęśniak M, Brydak-Godowska J. SARS-CoV-2 and the eyes: A review of the literature on transmission, detection, and ocular manifestations. Med Sci Monit. 2021, 11;27: e931863.
33. Hok K. Morbidity, mortality and coronavirus antigen in previously coronavirus free kittens placed in two catteries with feline infectious peritonitis. Acta Vet Scand. 1993; 34:203–210
34. Iriqat S, Yousef Q, Ereqat S. Clinical profile of COVID-19 patients presenting with uveitis - a short case series. Int Med Case Rep J. 2021; 23;14: 421-7.
35. Mazzotta C, Giancipoli E. Anterior acute uveitis report in a SARS-CoV-2 patient managed with adjunctive topical antiseptic prophylaxis preventing 2019-nCoV spread through the ocular surface route. Int Med Case Rep J. 2020; 13: 513-20.
36. Benito-Pascual B, Gegúndez JA, Díaz-Valle D, et al. Panuveitis and optic neuritis as a possible initial presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 28(6):922-2.
37. Gündoğan M, Vural E, Bayram N, Altunel O, Gündoğan F, Göktaş S. Change in retinal vessel diameter and choroidal thickness in patients with severe COVID-19: change in retinal parameters in patients with severe COVID-19. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021; 5; 37:102674.
38. Jidigam VK, Singh R, Batoki JC, et al. Histopathological assessments reveal retinal vascular changes, inflammation, and gliosis in patients with lethal COVID-19. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021; 29:1–14.
39. Marinho PM, Marcos AAA, Romano AC, et al. Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19. Lancet. 2020; 395(10237):1610
40. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C et al. Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020; 138:575–8.
41. Mehta, P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall R.S, Manson J.J; HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK, 2020. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet pii: S0140-6736(20)3062.
42. Argun Kivanç S, Akova B. Loss of ocular surface sensation in a Covid-19 patient-a novel finding. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021; 31:1-2.
43. Seah I, Agrawal R. Can the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Affect the eyes? A review of coronaviruses and ocular implications in humans and animals. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020; 2;28(3):391-5.

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Ophthalmology
Journal Section	Review Article
Authors	Ebru Yalçın 0000-0002-6697-6079 Berna Akova 0000-0003-0995-5260
Publication Date	December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date	March 29, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Yalçın, E., & Akova, B. (2021). Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection, 3(3), 43-47.
AMA	Yalçın E, Akova B. Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19. CEOTI. December 2021;3(3):43-47.
Chicago	Yalçın, Ebru, and Berna Akova. “Overview of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: Comparison of Ocular Manifestations With COVID-19”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 3, no. 3 (December 2021): 43-47.
EndNote	Yalçın E, Akova B (December 1, 2021) Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 3 3 43–47.
IEEE	E. Yalçın and B. Akova, “Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19”, CEOTI, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 43–47, 2021.
ISNAD	Yalçın, Ebru - Akova, Berna. “Overview of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: Comparison of Ocular Manifestations With COVID-19”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 3/3 (December 2021), 43-47.
JAMA	Yalçın E, Akova B. Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19. CEOTI. 2021;3:43–47.
MLA	Yalçın, Ebru and Berna Akova. “Overview of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: Comparison of Ocular Manifestations With COVID-19”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection, vol. 3, no. 3, 2021, pp. 43-47.
Vancouver	Yalçın E, Akova B. Overview of feline infectious peritonitis: Comparison of ocular manifestations with COVID-19. CEOTI. 2021;3(3):43-7.

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