Abstract
Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinde mikro besin ögesi alımının ve beslenme bilgi düzeyinin değerlendirilmesi ve ilişkilendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından anket formu yardımıyla yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya 19-27 yaş arası 567 üniversite öğrencisi (451 kadın, 116 erkek) dahil edilmiştir. Anket yardımıyla bireylerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, antropometrik ölçümleri, besin tüketimleri, beslenme bilgi düzeyleri ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri sorgulanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesinde SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 22.0 istatistiksel paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin yaş ortalaması 21,8±13,76 yıl, Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) ortalaması 22,1±4,22 kg/m2’dir. Bireylerin %26,3’ü kötü, %51,3’ü orta, %15,2’si iyi, %7,2’si çok iyi temel beslenme bilgi düzeyine sahiptir. Bireylerin besin tercihi konusunda %79,7’si kötü, %14,6’sı orta, %0,7’si iyi, %4,9’u çok iyi bilgi düzeyine sahiptir. Eğitim görülen sınıf dereceleri arasında Yetişkinlerde Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği toplam puanı açısından anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (P<0,05). Yetişkinlerde Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği toplam puanında, beslenme ile ilgili ders alma durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (P<0,05). Kadın bireylerin E vitamini, folat, kalsiyum ve demir alımları, diyet referans alım (DRI) önerilerinin %50’sinin altında kalmıştır. Erkek bireylerin E vitamini, folat, kalsiyum ve magnezyum alımları, DRI önerilerinin %50’sinin altında kalmıştır. Beslenme bilgi düzeyi ölçeği toplam puanı ile yaş, eğitim görülen sınıfın derecesi, toplam MET-dk/hafta, ana öğün sayısı, ara öğün sayısı, B1, B2, B3 ve B6 vitamini alım miktarları arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon saptanmıştır (P<0,05). Çalışmada bireylerin beslenme bilgi düzeylerinin ve bazı mikro besin ögesi alımlarının yetersiz olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğu, önerilen mikro besin ögesi alım düzeylerini karşılayamamaktadır. Bireylerin beslenme bilgi düzeyi arttıkça ana ve ara öğün sayıları ile birlikte bazı mikro besin ögesi alımları da artmaktadır. Genç yetişkin popülasyon olan üniversite öğrencilerinde, beslenme eğitimi programları ile beslenme bilgi düzeyi artırılarak, optimal beslenme durumunun sağlanması amaçlanmalıdır.
Supporting Institution
Yok
Project Number
Yok
References
- Akhter MS, Hamali HA, Iqbal J, Mobarki AA, Rashid H, Dobie G, Laghbi S. 2021. Iron deficiency anemia as a factor in male ınfertility: awareness in health college students in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res, 18(24): 12866.
- Aktaç S, Sabuncular G, Kargin D, Gunes FE. 2018. Evaluation of nutrition knowledge of pregnant women before and after nutrition education according to sociodemographic characteristics. Ecol Food Nutr, 57(6): 441-455.
- Almansour FD, Allafi AR, Al-Haifi AR. 2020. Impact of nutritional knowledge on dietary behaviors of students in Kuwait University. Acta Biomed, 91(4): e2020183.
- Batmaz H, Güneş E. 2018. Yetişkinler için beslenme bilgi düzeyi ölçeği geliştirilmesi ve geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması. Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye, pp: 115.
- Belogianni K, Ooms A, Lykou A, Moir HJ. 2021. Nutrition knowledge among university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr, 25(10): 2834-2841.
- Brown ON, O’Connor LE, Savaiano D. 2014. Mobile MyPlate: a pilot study using text messaging to provide nutrition education and promote better dietary choices in college students. J Am Coll Health, 62(5): 320-327.
- Coppoolse HL, Seidell JC, Dijkstra SC. 2020. Impact of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge and intentions towards nutritional counselling in Dutch medical students: an intervention study. BMJ Open, 10(4): 034377.
- Dehne LI, Klemm C, Henseler G, Hermann-Kunz E. 1999. The German food code and nutrient data base (BLS II. 2). Eur J Epidemiol, 15(4): 355-358.
- Devine P, Lloyd K, Gray AM. 2006. University student food attitudes and behaviour survey. University of Ulster, Belfast, UK.
- Fayet-Moore F, Petocz P, Samman S. 2014. Micronutrient status in female university students: iron, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin B12 and folate. Nutrients, 6(11): 5103-5116.
- Finlayson G, Cecil J, Higgs S, Hill A, Hetherington M. 2012. Susceptibility to weight gain. Eating behaviour traits and physical activity as predictors of weight gain during the first year of university. Appetite, 58(3): 1091-1098.
- Fujita T. 2000. Calcium paradox: consequences of calcium deficiency manifested by a wide variety of diseases. J Bone Miner Metab, 18(4): 234-236.
- Gibson RS. 2005. Principles of nutritional assessment: Oxford university press, Oxford, UK.
- Gomes S, Lopes C, Pinto E. 2016. Folate and folic acid in the periconceptional period: recommendations from official health organizations in thirty-six countries worldwide and WHO. Public Health Nutr, 19(1): 176-189.
- Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. 2015. Magnesium in prevention and therapy. Nutrients, 7(9): 8199-8226.
- Ha EJ, Caine-Bish N. 2009. Effect of nutrition intervention using a general nutrition course for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among college students. J Nutr Educ Behav, 41(2): 103-109.
- Hamulka J, Wadolowska L, Hoffmann M, Kowalkowska J, Gutkowska K. 2018. Effect of an education program on nutrition knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition, diet quality, lifestyle, and body composition in Polish teenagers. The ABC of healthy eating project: Design, protocol, and methodology. Nutrients, 10(10): 1439.
- Heshmat R, Abdollahi Z, Ghotbabadi FS, Rostami M, Qorbani M, Rezaei Homami M, Salehi F. 2015. Nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice toward micronutrients among Iranian households: the NUTRI-KAP survey. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 15(1): 1-5.
- Jilani T, Iqbal MP. 2011. Does vitamin E have a role in treatment and prevention of anemia? Pak J Pharm Sci, 24(2): 237.
- Karaçil Ermumcu MŞ, Mengi Çelik Ö, Acar Tek N. 2021. An evaluation of awareness, knowledge, and use of folic acid and dietary folate intake among non-pregnant women of childbearing age and pregnant women: a cross-sectional study from Turkey. Ecol Food Nutr, 60(1): 101-115.
- Lupton JR, Brooks J, Butte N, Caballero B, Flatt J, Fried S. 2002. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. National Academy Press: Washington, DC, US, pp: 768.
- Maras JE, Bermudez OI, Qiao N, Bakun PJ, Boody-Alter EL, Tucker KL. 2004. Intake of α-tocopherol is limited among US adults. J Am Diet Assoc, 104(4): 567-575.
- Mota IB, Castelo I, Morais J, Anjos M, Costa JP, Dias M, Campos E. 2020. Nutrition education in Portuguese medical students: impact on the attitudes and knowledge. Acta Med Port, 33(4): 246-251.
- Nordin B, Morris HA. 1989. The calcium deficiency model for osteoporosis. Nutr Rev, 47(3): 65-72.
- Odewole OA, Williamson RS, Zakai NA, Berry RJ, Judd SE, Qi YP, Oakley Jr GP. 2013. Near-elimination of folate-deficiency anemia by mandatory folic acid fortification in older US adults: Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study 2003–2007. Am J Clin Nutr, 98(4): 1042-1047.
- Papadaki A, Hondros G, Scott JA, Kapsokefalou M. 2007. Eating habits of university students living at, or away from home in Greece. Appetite, 49(1): 169-176.
- Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, Tokgozoglu L. 2010. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills, 111(1): 278-284.
- Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2015. Türkiye beslenme rehberi (TÜBER). Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 20.
- Šatalić Z, Colić Barić I, Keser I. 2007. Diet quality in Croatian university students: energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes according to gender. Int J Food Sci Nutr, 58(5): 398-410.
- Sprake E, Russell J, Cecil J, Cooper R, Grabowski P, Pourshahidi LK, Barker M. 2018. Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J, 17(1): 1-17.
- Spronk I, Kullen C, Burdon C, O'Connor H. 2014. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. Br J Nutr, 111(10): 1713-1726.
- Steyn NP, Senekal M, Brtis S, Nel J. 2000. Urban and rural differences in dietary intake, weight status and nutrition knowledge of black female students. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 9(1): 53-59.
- Valen EL, Engeset D, Øverby NC, Hillesund ER. 2020. StudentKost: a cross-sectional study assessing college students’ diets: reason for concern? J Nutr Sci, 9: E39. DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.33.
- Yahia N, Brown CA, Rapley M, Chung M. 2016. Level of nutrition knowledge and its association with fat consumption among college students. BMC Pub Health, 16(1): 1-10.
- Yahia N, Wang D, Rapley M, Dey R. 2016. Assessment of weight status, dietary habits and beliefs, physical activity, and nutritional knowledge among university students. Perspect Pub Health, 136(4): 231-244.
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate and correlate micronutrient intake and nutritional knowledge level of university students. The study data were collected face to face by the researchers with the help of a questionnaire. 567 university students (451 female, 116 male) aged 19-27 were included in the study. With the help of the questionnaire, the socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, food consumption, nutritional knowledge levels and physical activity levels of the individuals were questioned. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 22.0 statistical package program was used for the statistical evaluation of the data obtained from the study. The mean age of the individuals was 21.8±13.76 years, and the average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.1±4.22 kg/m2. Of the individuals, 26.3% had bad, 51.3% moderate, 15.2% good, 7.2% very good basic nutritional knowledge. 79.7% of individuals have bad, 14.6% moderate, 0.7% good and 4.9% very good knowledge about food preferences. A significant difference was found between the grades of education in terms of the total score of the Nutrition Knowledge Level Scale for Adults (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in the total score of the Nutrition Knowledge Level Scale For Adults according to the status of taking courses related to nutrition (p<0.05). Vitamin E, folate, calcium and iron intakes of female individuals remained below 50% of the dietary reference intake (DRI) recommendations. Vitamin E, folate, calcium and magnesium intakes of male individuals remained below 50% of the DRI recommendations. A positive statistically significant correlation was found between the total score of the Nutrition Knowledge Level Scale for Adults and age, grade of the education class, total MET-min/week, number of main meals, number of snacks, vitamin B1, B2, B3, and B6 intakes (P<0.05). In the study, it was concluded that individuals' nutritional knowledge levels and some micronutrient intakes were insufficient. The vast majority of students cannot meet the recommended micronutrient intake levels. As the nutritional knowledge level of individuals increases, the number of main and snack meals and the intake of some micronutrients also increase. In university students, who are young adult population, it should be aimed to ensure optimal nutritional status by increasing the level of nutrition knowledge with nutrition education programs.
Project Number
Yok
References
- Akhter MS, Hamali HA, Iqbal J, Mobarki AA, Rashid H, Dobie G, Laghbi S. 2021. Iron deficiency anemia as a factor in male ınfertility: awareness in health college students in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res, 18(24): 12866.
- Aktaç S, Sabuncular G, Kargin D, Gunes FE. 2018. Evaluation of nutrition knowledge of pregnant women before and after nutrition education according to sociodemographic characteristics. Ecol Food Nutr, 57(6): 441-455.
- Almansour FD, Allafi AR, Al-Haifi AR. 2020. Impact of nutritional knowledge on dietary behaviors of students in Kuwait University. Acta Biomed, 91(4): e2020183.
- Batmaz H, Güneş E. 2018. Yetişkinler için beslenme bilgi düzeyi ölçeği geliştirilmesi ve geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması. Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye, pp: 115.
- Belogianni K, Ooms A, Lykou A, Moir HJ. 2021. Nutrition knowledge among university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr, 25(10): 2834-2841.
- Brown ON, O’Connor LE, Savaiano D. 2014. Mobile MyPlate: a pilot study using text messaging to provide nutrition education and promote better dietary choices in college students. J Am Coll Health, 62(5): 320-327.
- Coppoolse HL, Seidell JC, Dijkstra SC. 2020. Impact of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge and intentions towards nutritional counselling in Dutch medical students: an intervention study. BMJ Open, 10(4): 034377.
- Dehne LI, Klemm C, Henseler G, Hermann-Kunz E. 1999. The German food code and nutrient data base (BLS II. 2). Eur J Epidemiol, 15(4): 355-358.
- Devine P, Lloyd K, Gray AM. 2006. University student food attitudes and behaviour survey. University of Ulster, Belfast, UK.
- Fayet-Moore F, Petocz P, Samman S. 2014. Micronutrient status in female university students: iron, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin B12 and folate. Nutrients, 6(11): 5103-5116.
- Finlayson G, Cecil J, Higgs S, Hill A, Hetherington M. 2012. Susceptibility to weight gain. Eating behaviour traits and physical activity as predictors of weight gain during the first year of university. Appetite, 58(3): 1091-1098.
- Fujita T. 2000. Calcium paradox: consequences of calcium deficiency manifested by a wide variety of diseases. J Bone Miner Metab, 18(4): 234-236.
- Gibson RS. 2005. Principles of nutritional assessment: Oxford university press, Oxford, UK.
- Gomes S, Lopes C, Pinto E. 2016. Folate and folic acid in the periconceptional period: recommendations from official health organizations in thirty-six countries worldwide and WHO. Public Health Nutr, 19(1): 176-189.
- Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. 2015. Magnesium in prevention and therapy. Nutrients, 7(9): 8199-8226.
- Ha EJ, Caine-Bish N. 2009. Effect of nutrition intervention using a general nutrition course for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among college students. J Nutr Educ Behav, 41(2): 103-109.
- Hamulka J, Wadolowska L, Hoffmann M, Kowalkowska J, Gutkowska K. 2018. Effect of an education program on nutrition knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition, diet quality, lifestyle, and body composition in Polish teenagers. The ABC of healthy eating project: Design, protocol, and methodology. Nutrients, 10(10): 1439.
- Heshmat R, Abdollahi Z, Ghotbabadi FS, Rostami M, Qorbani M, Rezaei Homami M, Salehi F. 2015. Nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice toward micronutrients among Iranian households: the NUTRI-KAP survey. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 15(1): 1-5.
- Jilani T, Iqbal MP. 2011. Does vitamin E have a role in treatment and prevention of anemia? Pak J Pharm Sci, 24(2): 237.
- Karaçil Ermumcu MŞ, Mengi Çelik Ö, Acar Tek N. 2021. An evaluation of awareness, knowledge, and use of folic acid and dietary folate intake among non-pregnant women of childbearing age and pregnant women: a cross-sectional study from Turkey. Ecol Food Nutr, 60(1): 101-115.
- Lupton JR, Brooks J, Butte N, Caballero B, Flatt J, Fried S. 2002. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. National Academy Press: Washington, DC, US, pp: 768.
- Maras JE, Bermudez OI, Qiao N, Bakun PJ, Boody-Alter EL, Tucker KL. 2004. Intake of α-tocopherol is limited among US adults. J Am Diet Assoc, 104(4): 567-575.
- Mota IB, Castelo I, Morais J, Anjos M, Costa JP, Dias M, Campos E. 2020. Nutrition education in Portuguese medical students: impact on the attitudes and knowledge. Acta Med Port, 33(4): 246-251.
- Nordin B, Morris HA. 1989. The calcium deficiency model for osteoporosis. Nutr Rev, 47(3): 65-72.
- Odewole OA, Williamson RS, Zakai NA, Berry RJ, Judd SE, Qi YP, Oakley Jr GP. 2013. Near-elimination of folate-deficiency anemia by mandatory folic acid fortification in older US adults: Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study 2003–2007. Am J Clin Nutr, 98(4): 1042-1047.
- Papadaki A, Hondros G, Scott JA, Kapsokefalou M. 2007. Eating habits of university students living at, or away from home in Greece. Appetite, 49(1): 169-176.
- Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, Tokgozoglu L. 2010. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills, 111(1): 278-284.
- Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2015. Türkiye beslenme rehberi (TÜBER). Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 20.
- Šatalić Z, Colić Barić I, Keser I. 2007. Diet quality in Croatian university students: energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes according to gender. Int J Food Sci Nutr, 58(5): 398-410.
- Sprake E, Russell J, Cecil J, Cooper R, Grabowski P, Pourshahidi LK, Barker M. 2018. Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J, 17(1): 1-17.
- Spronk I, Kullen C, Burdon C, O'Connor H. 2014. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. Br J Nutr, 111(10): 1713-1726.
- Steyn NP, Senekal M, Brtis S, Nel J. 2000. Urban and rural differences in dietary intake, weight status and nutrition knowledge of black female students. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 9(1): 53-59.
- Valen EL, Engeset D, Øverby NC, Hillesund ER. 2020. StudentKost: a cross-sectional study assessing college students’ diets: reason for concern? J Nutr Sci, 9: E39. DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.33.
- Yahia N, Brown CA, Rapley M, Chung M. 2016. Level of nutrition knowledge and its association with fat consumption among college students. BMC Pub Health, 16(1): 1-10.
- Yahia N, Wang D, Rapley M, Dey R. 2016. Assessment of weight status, dietary habits and beliefs, physical activity, and nutritional knowledge among university students. Perspect Pub Health, 136(4): 231-244.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Nutrition and Dietetics |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | Yok |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2023 |
| Submission Date | July 31, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | October 17, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
