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Insecticidal Activity of Prodigiosin Pigment on Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 1035 - 1040, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1172976

Abstract

Microorganisms and their metabolites have the potential to provide a sustainable alternative to chemical insecticides. Serratia marcescens is an entomopathogenic bacterium that produces hydrolytic enzymes and toxins. It also produces a red pigment called prodigiosin, which has a variety of biological properties. In this study, the prodigiosin pigment was extracted from S. marcescens Se9 isolate with acidified ethanol and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The insecticidal potential on larval and adult stages of Tenebrio molitor was then investigated. It was found that the mortality rate of larvae exposed to the lowest concentration (125 ppm) of crude pigment was 5%, while the mortality rate of larvae exposed to the highest concentration (2000 ppm) was 68%. The LC50 value of the crude pigment for the larval stage was determined to be 924 ppm. On the other hand, even at the highest pigment concentration (2000 ppm), only 30% mortality was observed in adults. The LC50 value of the crude pigment for the adult stage was determined to be 4570 ppm. It was determined that the pigment had a toxic effect on the pest, but the larval stage was more sensitive than the adult stage. The study showed that prodigiosin pigment appears to be a promising biocontrol agent for use against T. molitor. 

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

1919B012102186

Thanks

This study was financially supported by the research project support programme for undergraduate students (2209-A, Project no: 1919B012102186), TUBITAK.

References

  • Kavallieratos, N. G., Michail, E. J., Boukouvala, M. C., Nika, E. P., & Skourti, A. (2019). Efficacy Of Pirimiphos-Methyl, Deltamethrin, Spinosad And Silicosec Against Adults And Larvae Of Tenebrio molitor L. On Wheat, Barley And Maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 83, 161–167.
  • Plata-Rueda, A., Martínez, L. C., Santos, M. H. Dos, Fernandes, F. L., Wilcken, C. F., Soares, M. A., Serrão, J. E., & Zanuncio, J. C. (2017). Insecticidal Activity Of Garlic Essential Oil And Their Constituents Against The Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Scientific Reports, 7, 1–11.
  • Zhao, L. N., Ma, Y., Yang, X., Iqbal, A., Ruan, C. C., & Zang, L. S. (2020). Identification Of Serratia marcescens Isolated From Antheraea pernyi Eggs And Determination Of Bacterial Pathogenicity And Transmission Pathway. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 169, 107297.
  • Pineda-Castellanos, M. L., Rodríguez-Segura, Z., Villalobos, F. J., Hernández, L., Lina, L., & Eugenia Nuñez-Valdez, M. (2015). Pathogenicity Of Isolates Of Serratia marcescens Towards Larvae Of The Scarab Phyllophaga blanchardi (Coleoptera). Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 4(2), 210–228.
  • Eski, A., Demir, İ., Güllü, M., & Demirbağ, Z. (2018). Biodiversity And Pathogenicity Of Bacteria Associated With The Gut Microbiota Of Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Microbial Pathogenesis, 121, 350–358.
  • Zhang, P., Zhao, Q., Ma, X., & Ma, L. (2021). Pathogenicity Of Serratia marcescens To Hazelnut Weevil (Curculio Dieckmanni). Journal of Forestry Research, 32(1), 409–417.
  • Aggarwal, C., Paul, S., Tripathi, V., Paul, B., & Khan, M. A. (2017). Characterization Of Putative Virulence Factors Of Serratia marcescens strain SEN For Pathogenesis In Spodoptera litura. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 143, 115–123.
  • Lapenda, J. C., Silva, P. A., Vicalvi, M. C., Sena, K. X. F. R., & Nascimento, S. C. (2015). Antimicrobial Activity Of Prodigiosin Isolated From Serratia marcescens UFPEDA 398. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 31(2), 399–406.
  • John Jimtha, C., Jishma, P., Sreelekha, S., Chithra, S., & Radhakrishnan, E. (2017). Antifungal Properties Of Prodigiosin Producing Rhizospheric Serratia sp. Rhizosphere, 3, 105–108.
  • Papireddy, K., Smilkstein, M., Kelly, J. X., Shweta, Salem, S. M., Alhamadsheh, M., Haynes, S. W., Challis, G. L., & Reynolds, K. A. (2011). Antimalarial Activity Of Natural And Synthetic Prodiginines. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 54(15), 5296–5306.
  • Gomez Valdez, L., Rondan Dueñas, J. C., Andrade, A. J., Del Valle, E. E., Doucet, M. E., & Lax, P. (2022). In Vitro And In Vivo Nematicidal Activity Of Prodigiosin Against The Plant-Parasitic Nematode Nacobbus celatus. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(6), 741–751.
  • D’Alessio, R., Bargiotti, A., Carlini, O., Colotta, F., Ferrari, M., Gnocchi, P., Isetta, A., Mongelli, N., Motta, P., Rossi, A., Rossi, M., Tibolla, M., & Vanotti, E. (2000). Synthesis And Immunosuppressive Activity Of Novel Prodigiosin Derivatives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43(13), 2557–2565.
  • Li, D., Liu, J., Wang, X., Kong, D., Du, W., Li, H., Hse, C. Y., Shupe, T., Zhou, D., & Zhao, K. (2018). Biological Potential And Mechanism Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens subsp. lawsoniana In Human Choriocarcinoma And Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11).
  • Patil, C. D., Patil, S. V., Salunke, B. K., & Salunkhe, R. B. (2011). Prodigiosin Produced By Serratia marcescens NMCC46 As A Mosquito Larvicidal Agent Against Aedes aegypti And Anopheles stephensi. Parasitology Research, 109(4), 1179–1187.
  • Suryawanshi, R. K., Patil, C. D., Borase, H. P., Narkhede, C. P., Salunke, B. K., & Patil, S. V. (2015). Mosquito Larvicidal And Pupaecidal Potential Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens And Understanding Its Mechanism Of Action. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 123, 49–55.
  • Sagar, B. S. V., Deepak, B. S., Tejaswini, G. S., Aparna, Y., & Sarada, J. (2019). Evaluation Of Prodigiosin Pigment For Antimicrobial And Insecticidal Activities On Selected Bacterial Pathogens & Household Pests. International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, 6(1), 96–102.
  • Hu, W., Zheng, R., Liao, Y., Kuang, F., Yang, Z., Chen, T., & Zhang, N. (2021). Evaluating The Biological Potential Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens KH-001 Against Asian Citrus Psyllid. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114(3), 1219–1225.
  • Patil, N. G., Kadam, M. S., Patil, V. R., & Chincholkar, S. B. (2013). Insecticidal Properties Of Water Diffusible Prodigiosin Produced By Serratia nematodiphila 213c. Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 7(3), 773–781.
  • M. J. Brendell. (1975). Handbooks For The Identification Of British Insects. Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae. In: Handbooks For The Identification Of British Insects Royal Entomological Society Of London. London, United Kingdom, 22.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., Kavallieratos, N. G., Boukouvala, M. C., Mavroforos, M. E., & Kontodimas, D. C. (2015). Efficacy Of Alpha-Cypermethrin And Thiamethoxam Against Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) And Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) On Concrete. Journal of Stored Products Research, 62, 101–107.
  • Du Rand, N., & Laing, M. D. (2011). Determination Of Insecticidal Toxicity Of Three Species Of Entomopathogenic Spore-Forming Bacterial Isolates Against Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5(16), 2222–2228.
  • Abbott, W. S. (1925). A Method Of Computing The Effectiveness Of An Insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18(2), 265–267.
  • Adatia, A., Johnson, D., & Entz, S. (2010). Pathogenicity Of Two New Isolates Of Metarhizium anisopliae From Canadian Soil To Melanoplus bivittatus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) And Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 142(2), 128–134.
  • Da Silva, S. M. B., Silva-Werneck, J. O., Falcão, R., Gomes, A. C., Fragoso, R. R., Quezado, M. T., Neto, O. B. O., Aguiar, J. B., De Sá, M. F. G., Bravo, A., & Monnerat, R. G. (2004). Characterization Of Novel Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis Strains Active Against Spodoptera frugiperda And Other Insect Pests. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128(2), 102–107.
  • Reay, S. D., Brownbridge, M., Gicquel, B., Cummings, N. J., & Nelson, T. L. (2010). Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Beauveria Spp. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) From Pinus radiata In New Zealand Forests. Biological Control, 54(1), 52–60.
  • Eski, A., & Gezgin, M. M., (2022). Susceptibility Of Different Life Stages Of Tenebrio Molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) To Indigenous Entomopathogenic Fungi. Journal of Stored Products Research, 98, 102008.
  • Liang, T. W., Chen, S. Y., Chen, Y. C., Chen, C. H., Yen, Y. H., & Wang, S. L. (2013). Enhancement Of Prodigiosin Production By Serratia Marcescens TKU011 And Its Insecticidal Activity Relative To Food Colorants. Journal of Food Science, 78(11), M1743–M1751.
  • Zhou, W., Li, J. H., Chen, J., Liu, X. Y., Xiang, T. T., Zhang, L., & Wan, Y. J. (2016). The Red Pigment Prodigiosin Is Not An Essential Virulence Factor In Entomopathogenic Serratia Marcescens. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 136, 92–94.

Prodigiosin Pigmentinin Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae) Üzerindeki İnsektisidal Aktivitesi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 1035 - 1040, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1172976

Abstract

Mikroorganizmalar ve metabolitleri, kimyasal insektisitlere sürdürülebilir bir alternatif sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir. Serratia marcescens hidrolitik enzimler ve toksinler üreten entomopatojenik bir bakteridir. Ayrıca, çeşitli biyolojik özelliklere sahip olan, prodigiosin adı verilen kırmızı bir pigment üretir. Bu çalışmada, prodigiosin pigmenti, asitleştirilmiş etanol ile S. marcescens Se9 izolatından ekstrakte edildi ve bir döner buharlaştırıcı kullanılarak konsantre edildi. Daha sonra Tenebrio molitor'un larva ve ergin evreleri üzerindeki insektisidal potansiyeli araştırıldı. Ham pigmentin en düşük konsantrasyonuna (125 ppm) maruz kalan larvaların ölüm oranının %5, en yüksek konsantrasyona (2000 ppm) maruz kalan larvaların ölüm oranının ise %68 olduğu tespit edildi. Larva evresi için ham pigmentin LC50 değeri 924 ppm olarak belirlendi. Öte yandan, en yüksek pigment konsantrasyonunda (2000 ppm) bile erginlerde sadece %30 ölüm gözlendi. Ham pigmentin ergin evresi için LC50 değeri 457 ppm olarak belirlendi. Pigmentin zararlı üzerinde toksik etkisinin olduğu ancak larva döneminin ergin döneme göre daha duyarlı olduğu belirlendi. Çalışma, prodigiosin pigmentinin, T. molitor'a karşı kullanım için umut verici bir biyokontrol ajanı olabileceğini gösterdi.

Project Number

1919B012102186

References

  • Kavallieratos, N. G., Michail, E. J., Boukouvala, M. C., Nika, E. P., & Skourti, A. (2019). Efficacy Of Pirimiphos-Methyl, Deltamethrin, Spinosad And Silicosec Against Adults And Larvae Of Tenebrio molitor L. On Wheat, Barley And Maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 83, 161–167.
  • Plata-Rueda, A., Martínez, L. C., Santos, M. H. Dos, Fernandes, F. L., Wilcken, C. F., Soares, M. A., Serrão, J. E., & Zanuncio, J. C. (2017). Insecticidal Activity Of Garlic Essential Oil And Their Constituents Against The Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Scientific Reports, 7, 1–11.
  • Zhao, L. N., Ma, Y., Yang, X., Iqbal, A., Ruan, C. C., & Zang, L. S. (2020). Identification Of Serratia marcescens Isolated From Antheraea pernyi Eggs And Determination Of Bacterial Pathogenicity And Transmission Pathway. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 169, 107297.
  • Pineda-Castellanos, M. L., Rodríguez-Segura, Z., Villalobos, F. J., Hernández, L., Lina, L., & Eugenia Nuñez-Valdez, M. (2015). Pathogenicity Of Isolates Of Serratia marcescens Towards Larvae Of The Scarab Phyllophaga blanchardi (Coleoptera). Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 4(2), 210–228.
  • Eski, A., Demir, İ., Güllü, M., & Demirbağ, Z. (2018). Biodiversity And Pathogenicity Of Bacteria Associated With The Gut Microbiota Of Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Microbial Pathogenesis, 121, 350–358.
  • Zhang, P., Zhao, Q., Ma, X., & Ma, L. (2021). Pathogenicity Of Serratia marcescens To Hazelnut Weevil (Curculio Dieckmanni). Journal of Forestry Research, 32(1), 409–417.
  • Aggarwal, C., Paul, S., Tripathi, V., Paul, B., & Khan, M. A. (2017). Characterization Of Putative Virulence Factors Of Serratia marcescens strain SEN For Pathogenesis In Spodoptera litura. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 143, 115–123.
  • Lapenda, J. C., Silva, P. A., Vicalvi, M. C., Sena, K. X. F. R., & Nascimento, S. C. (2015). Antimicrobial Activity Of Prodigiosin Isolated From Serratia marcescens UFPEDA 398. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 31(2), 399–406.
  • John Jimtha, C., Jishma, P., Sreelekha, S., Chithra, S., & Radhakrishnan, E. (2017). Antifungal Properties Of Prodigiosin Producing Rhizospheric Serratia sp. Rhizosphere, 3, 105–108.
  • Papireddy, K., Smilkstein, M., Kelly, J. X., Shweta, Salem, S. M., Alhamadsheh, M., Haynes, S. W., Challis, G. L., & Reynolds, K. A. (2011). Antimalarial Activity Of Natural And Synthetic Prodiginines. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 54(15), 5296–5306.
  • Gomez Valdez, L., Rondan Dueñas, J. C., Andrade, A. J., Del Valle, E. E., Doucet, M. E., & Lax, P. (2022). In Vitro And In Vivo Nematicidal Activity Of Prodigiosin Against The Plant-Parasitic Nematode Nacobbus celatus. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(6), 741–751.
  • D’Alessio, R., Bargiotti, A., Carlini, O., Colotta, F., Ferrari, M., Gnocchi, P., Isetta, A., Mongelli, N., Motta, P., Rossi, A., Rossi, M., Tibolla, M., & Vanotti, E. (2000). Synthesis And Immunosuppressive Activity Of Novel Prodigiosin Derivatives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43(13), 2557–2565.
  • Li, D., Liu, J., Wang, X., Kong, D., Du, W., Li, H., Hse, C. Y., Shupe, T., Zhou, D., & Zhao, K. (2018). Biological Potential And Mechanism Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens subsp. lawsoniana In Human Choriocarcinoma And Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11).
  • Patil, C. D., Patil, S. V., Salunke, B. K., & Salunkhe, R. B. (2011). Prodigiosin Produced By Serratia marcescens NMCC46 As A Mosquito Larvicidal Agent Against Aedes aegypti And Anopheles stephensi. Parasitology Research, 109(4), 1179–1187.
  • Suryawanshi, R. K., Patil, C. D., Borase, H. P., Narkhede, C. P., Salunke, B. K., & Patil, S. V. (2015). Mosquito Larvicidal And Pupaecidal Potential Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens And Understanding Its Mechanism Of Action. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 123, 49–55.
  • Sagar, B. S. V., Deepak, B. S., Tejaswini, G. S., Aparna, Y., & Sarada, J. (2019). Evaluation Of Prodigiosin Pigment For Antimicrobial And Insecticidal Activities On Selected Bacterial Pathogens & Household Pests. International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, 6(1), 96–102.
  • Hu, W., Zheng, R., Liao, Y., Kuang, F., Yang, Z., Chen, T., & Zhang, N. (2021). Evaluating The Biological Potential Of Prodigiosin From Serratia marcescens KH-001 Against Asian Citrus Psyllid. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114(3), 1219–1225.
  • Patil, N. G., Kadam, M. S., Patil, V. R., & Chincholkar, S. B. (2013). Insecticidal Properties Of Water Diffusible Prodigiosin Produced By Serratia nematodiphila 213c. Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 7(3), 773–781.
  • M. J. Brendell. (1975). Handbooks For The Identification Of British Insects. Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae. In: Handbooks For The Identification Of British Insects Royal Entomological Society Of London. London, United Kingdom, 22.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., Kavallieratos, N. G., Boukouvala, M. C., Mavroforos, M. E., & Kontodimas, D. C. (2015). Efficacy Of Alpha-Cypermethrin And Thiamethoxam Against Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) And Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) On Concrete. Journal of Stored Products Research, 62, 101–107.
  • Du Rand, N., & Laing, M. D. (2011). Determination Of Insecticidal Toxicity Of Three Species Of Entomopathogenic Spore-Forming Bacterial Isolates Against Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5(16), 2222–2228.
  • Abbott, W. S. (1925). A Method Of Computing The Effectiveness Of An Insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18(2), 265–267.
  • Adatia, A., Johnson, D., & Entz, S. (2010). Pathogenicity Of Two New Isolates Of Metarhizium anisopliae From Canadian Soil To Melanoplus bivittatus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) And Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 142(2), 128–134.
  • Da Silva, S. M. B., Silva-Werneck, J. O., Falcão, R., Gomes, A. C., Fragoso, R. R., Quezado, M. T., Neto, O. B. O., Aguiar, J. B., De Sá, M. F. G., Bravo, A., & Monnerat, R. G. (2004). Characterization Of Novel Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis Strains Active Against Spodoptera frugiperda And Other Insect Pests. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128(2), 102–107.
  • Reay, S. D., Brownbridge, M., Gicquel, B., Cummings, N. J., & Nelson, T. L. (2010). Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Beauveria Spp. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) From Pinus radiata In New Zealand Forests. Biological Control, 54(1), 52–60.
  • Eski, A., & Gezgin, M. M., (2022). Susceptibility Of Different Life Stages Of Tenebrio Molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) To Indigenous Entomopathogenic Fungi. Journal of Stored Products Research, 98, 102008.
  • Liang, T. W., Chen, S. Y., Chen, Y. C., Chen, C. H., Yen, Y. H., & Wang, S. L. (2013). Enhancement Of Prodigiosin Production By Serratia Marcescens TKU011 And Its Insecticidal Activity Relative To Food Colorants. Journal of Food Science, 78(11), M1743–M1751.
  • Zhou, W., Li, J. H., Chen, J., Liu, X. Y., Xiang, T. T., Zhang, L., & Wan, Y. J. (2016). The Red Pigment Prodigiosin Is Not An Essential Virulence Factor In Entomopathogenic Serratia Marcescens. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 136, 92–94.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ardahan Eski 0000-0002-9621-2854

Tayyibe Özdemir 0000-0002-1548-9449

Project Number 1919B012102186
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date September 9, 2022
Acceptance Date December 15, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Eski, A., & Özdemir, T. (2022). Insecticidal Activity of Prodigiosin Pigment on Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 1035-1040. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1172976