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ÜNİVERSİTE SPORCU ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KENDİNE GÜVEN, HEDEF BELİRLEME VE KARARLILIK

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 133 - 144, 03.08.2020

Abstract

Yapılan birçok araştırma sonucu göstermiştir ki sporda başarılı bir performans için gereken psikolojik beceriler içerisinde kendine güven, hedef belirleme ve kararlılık becerileri üst sıralarda yer almaktadırlar. Performansın temeli olarak da tanımlanmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın ilk amacı; Ottawa Mental Beceriler Değerlendirme Anketi-39 Türk sporcu popülasyonu üzerinde geçerliğinin ve güvenirliğinin test edilmesidir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılarak yapılan modelleme analizinde uyum indeksleri içerisinden Tahmini Kök Hata Kareler Ortalaması, Karşılaştırmalı uyum İndeksi ve Ölçeklendirilmemiş Uyum İndeksi kullanılmıştır. İkinci amaç ise Türkiye’de üniversitelerde öğrenim gören ve aynı zamanda müsabık sporcu olarak mücadele eden bireylerin kendine güven, hedef belirleme ve kararlılık becerilerinin belirlenmesi ve incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda da Bağımsız örneklem T testi kullanılmıştır. Son olarak ta Çekya ülkesi sporcularından elde edilen aynı verilerle karşılaştırılmasıdır. Ottawa Mental Becerileri Değerlendirme Anketi-3 (OMBDA-3) Türkçe versiyonu 90 kadın sporcu, 90 erkek sporcu; 109 takım sporları ve 71 bireysel spor yapan toplam 180 sporcuya uygulanmıştır. OMBDA-3’nın 3 alt boyutundan sadece temel beceriler (kendine güven, hedef belirleme ve kararlılık) boyutu kullanılmıştır. Uyum iyiliği indeks değerleri, x2/df= 2.11, NNFI= .90, CFI= .90, RMSEA= .64 olarak saptanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi skorları orijinal ölçekte elde edilen 3 boyutlu yapıyı destekler sonuçlara ulaşmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen veri 241 Çekya sporcusu tarafından elde edilen veriler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler göstermiştir ki, uyum indeksleri içerisinden psikolojik becerilerin ortalamaları arasında cinsiyet ve spor branşları açısından anlamlı farklılığa ulaşılmamıştır. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda her 3 beceri içinde elde edilen değerler birbirine çok yakın bulunmuştur. Çekya sporcuların elde ettikleri değerler ile sporcu öğrencilerimizin elde ettikleri değerler incelendiğinde ise sporcularımızın tüm becerilerin ortalamalarında daha yüksek değerlere ulaştıkları saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak cinsiyet ve yapılan spor branşı türüne göre sporcular arasında kendine güven, hedef belirleme ve kararlılık becerileri arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Ülkemiz sporcularının seçilen beceriler kapsamında Çekya sporcularından daha yüksek değerlere ulaştıkları belirlenmiştir.

References

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  • 13. Fathirezaie Z., Sani ZHS., Ebrahimi S., Brand S., Jahanbakhsh I., Nazari S. (2018). Discriminating mental skills among adolescent elite and competitive soccer & volleyball players, Annual Applied Sport Science, 6(3), 23-29.
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  • 27. Porter K. (2003). The mental athlete: Inner training for peak performance in all sports. Canada: Human Kinetics.
  • 28. Ryba T., Stambulova N., Wrisberg C. (2005). The Russian origins of sport psychology: A translation of an early work of A. C. Puni. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 156-169.
  • 29. Sanati-Monfared SH., (2006). Validation of OMSAT-3 questionnaire and the effect of mental fitness program on selection mental skills of athletes to participate in the Doha Asian Games 2006. Academy Sports Psychology Center of Olympic and Paralympic.
  • 30. Schermelleh-Engel K., Moosbrugger H., Müller H.(2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodnessof-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research – Online. 8(2), 23-74.
  • 31. Slepicka P., Hosek V., Hatlova B. (2009). Sport Psychology. Praha:Nakladatelstvi Karolinum. 240.
  • 32. Starkes JL., Deakın JM., Allard F., Hodges NJ., Hayes, A. (1996). Deliberate practice in sports: What is it anyway? In K. A. ERICSSON (Ed.), The road to excellence: The acquisition of expert performance in the arts and sciences, sports and games, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 81–106.
  • 33. Steiger JH, Lind JC. (1980). Annual spring meeting of the psychometric society:statistically-based tests for the number of common factors. Iowa City.
  • 34. Tucker HR., Lewis C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analyses. Psychometrika, 38(1), 1-10.
  • 35. Vicar M. (2017). Self-confidence, commitment and goal-setting in Czech athletes at different performance levels, Acta Gymnica, 1-8.
  • 36. Vičar M., Protič M., Válková H. (2014). Sportovní nadání – psychologická perspektiva. Olomouc: Vydavatelství UP.
  • 37. Waltz CF., Strcikland OL., Lenz ER. (2010). Measurement in nursing and health research. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 176-178.
  • 38. Weinberg RS., Gould D. (2011). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (525th ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • 39. Zeidabadi R., Rezaie F., Motashareie E. (2014). Psychometric properties and normalization of persian version of ottawa mental skills assessment tools (OMSAT-3). Sport Psychology Review. 15(7), 63-82.
  • 40. Znazen H., Mejri A., Touhami I., Chtara M., Siala H., Le Gallais D., Ahmetov I.I., Messaoud T., Chamari K., Soussi N. (2016). Genetic advantageous predisposition of angiotensin converting enzyme id polymorphism in Tunisian athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56, 724-730.
Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 133 - 144, 03.08.2020

Abstract

References

  • 1. Alpar R. (2018). Spor, Sağlık ve Eğitim Bilimlerinde Örneklerle Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlilik Güvenirlik. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara, 154-159.
  • 2. Aziz K., Elamin M., El-Saadoun N., El-Gabry D., Barakat M., Alhayyas F., Moselhy H. (2016). Schizophrenia: Impact of psychopathology, faith healers and psycho-education on adherence to medications. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 62(8), 719-725.
  • 3. Bailey R., Morley D. (2006). Towards a model of talent development in physical education. Sport, Education and Society, 11, 211-230.
  • 4. Baker J., Cote J., Abernethy B. (2003). Sport specific training, deliberate practice and the development of expertise in team ball sports. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15, 12–25.
  • 5. Bentler PM., Bonett DG. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin,88(3), 588-606.
  • 6. Bentler PM. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238–246.
  • 7. Burton D., Naylor S., Holliday B. (2001). Goal setting in sport: Investigating the goal effectiveness paradox. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, C. M. Janelle (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (2nd ed). New York: Wiley, 497–528.
  • 8. Craciun M., Dobosi S., Loan N., Prodea C. (2008). Confirmatory factor analysis of the ottawa mental skill assessment tool (OMSAT-3*)-Romanian Version. Human Movement, 12, 159-164.
  • 9. Durand-Bush N., Salmela JH., Green-Demers I., (2001). “The ottawa mental skills assessment tool (OMSAT-3)”. Sport Psychologist, 15, 1–19.
  • 10. Eloff M., Monyeki MA., Grobbelaar HW. (2011). Mental skill levels of South African male student field hockey players in different playing positions. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 17(4), 636-646.
  • 11. Erhan ES., Güler MŞ., Ağduman F., Gerek Z. (2015). Ottawa mental ability assessment scale-3 Turkish validity and reliability study, Kafkas Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 33-39.
  • 12. Erkuş A. (2016). Psikolojide Ölçme ve Ölçek Geliştirme-I: Temel Kavramlar ve İşlemler, Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık, Ankara, 30-64.
  • 13. Fathirezaie Z., Sani ZHS., Ebrahimi S., Brand S., Jahanbakhsh I., Nazari S. (2018). Discriminating mental skills among adolescent elite and competitive soccer & volleyball players, Annual Applied Sport Science, 6(3), 23-29.
  • 14. Fournier JF., Calmels C., Durand-Bush N., Salmela JH. (2005). Effects of a season-long PST program on gymnastic performance and psychological skills development. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 3, 59–77.
  • 15. Hartl P., Hartlova H. (2000). Psychology dictionary. Praha: Portal. (in Czech).
  • 16. Harwood C., Cumming J., Fletcher D. (2004). Motivational profiles and psychological skills use within elite youth sport. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16, 318–332.
  • 17. Hays K., Maynard I., Thomas O., Bawden M. (2007). Sources and types of confidence identified by world class sport performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 19, 434–456.
  • 18. Helsen WF., Starkes JL., Hodges NJ. (1998). Team sports and the theory of deliberate practice. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20, 12–34.
  • 19. Holgado F., Navas L., López-Núñez M. (2010). Goal orientations in sport: a causal model. European Journal of Education and Psychology. 3: 19-32.
  • 20. Hooper D., Coughlan J., Mullen MR. (2008). Structural equation modelling: guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods 2008; 6(1), 53-60.
  • 21. Kruger A., (2010). Sport psychological skills that discriminate between successful and less successful female university field hockey players. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 16(2), 239-250.
  • 22. Kruger P., Potgieter J., Malan D., Steyn F. (2010). Prior experience, cognitive perceptions and psychological skills of senior south african rugby players. South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation, 32(1),69-84.
  • 23. Locke EA., Latham GP. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. American Psychologist, 57(9), 705-717.
  • 24. Durand-Bush J., Salmela HI., Green-Demers N. (2001). The ottawa mental skills assessment tool (OMSAT-3) The Sport Psychologist, 15, 1-19.
  • 25. Noômen G., Mohamed J., Nasri H., Brahim A. (2015). Sensitivity, ınternal consistency and factorial structure of the Arabic version of omsat-3. Advances in Physical Education, 5, 18-25.
  • 26. Orlick T. (2000). In pursuit of excellence: How to win in sport and life through mental training (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • 27. Porter K. (2003). The mental athlete: Inner training for peak performance in all sports. Canada: Human Kinetics.
  • 28. Ryba T., Stambulova N., Wrisberg C. (2005). The Russian origins of sport psychology: A translation of an early work of A. C. Puni. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 156-169.
  • 29. Sanati-Monfared SH., (2006). Validation of OMSAT-3 questionnaire and the effect of mental fitness program on selection mental skills of athletes to participate in the Doha Asian Games 2006. Academy Sports Psychology Center of Olympic and Paralympic.
  • 30. Schermelleh-Engel K., Moosbrugger H., Müller H.(2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodnessof-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research – Online. 8(2), 23-74.
  • 31. Slepicka P., Hosek V., Hatlova B. (2009). Sport Psychology. Praha:Nakladatelstvi Karolinum. 240.
  • 32. Starkes JL., Deakın JM., Allard F., Hodges NJ., Hayes, A. (1996). Deliberate practice in sports: What is it anyway? In K. A. ERICSSON (Ed.), The road to excellence: The acquisition of expert performance in the arts and sciences, sports and games, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 81–106.
  • 33. Steiger JH, Lind JC. (1980). Annual spring meeting of the psychometric society:statistically-based tests for the number of common factors. Iowa City.
  • 34. Tucker HR., Lewis C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analyses. Psychometrika, 38(1), 1-10.
  • 35. Vicar M. (2017). Self-confidence, commitment and goal-setting in Czech athletes at different performance levels, Acta Gymnica, 1-8.
  • 36. Vičar M., Protič M., Válková H. (2014). Sportovní nadání – psychologická perspektiva. Olomouc: Vydavatelství UP.
  • 37. Waltz CF., Strcikland OL., Lenz ER. (2010). Measurement in nursing and health research. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 176-178.
  • 38. Weinberg RS., Gould D. (2011). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (525th ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • 39. Zeidabadi R., Rezaie F., Motashareie E. (2014). Psychometric properties and normalization of persian version of ottawa mental skills assessment tools (OMSAT-3). Sport Psychology Review. 15(7), 63-82.
  • 40. Znazen H., Mejri A., Touhami I., Chtara M., Siala H., Le Gallais D., Ahmetov I.I., Messaoud T., Chamari K., Soussi N. (2016). Genetic advantageous predisposition of angiotensin converting enzyme id polymorphism in Tunisian athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56, 724-730.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bülent Okan Miçooğulları 0000-0001-5258-5766

Yeliz Dağaşan This is me 0000-0001-6659-2190

Publication Date August 3, 2020
Submission Date March 11, 2020
Acceptance Date July 2, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Miçooğulları, B. O., & Dağaşan, Y. (2020). ÜNİVERSİTE SPORCU ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KENDİNE GÜVEN, HEDEF BELİRLEME VE KARARLILIK. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 133-144.

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