A Research on the Socioeconomic Structure and Perspectives of Agricultural Products Exporters in Afghanistan
Abstract
In this study, which assessed Afghanistan’s agricultural exports from the perspective of agricultural exporters, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 62 of a total of 600 identified exporters. Exporters were separated as fresh vegetable and fruit exporters and dried fruit and medicinal plant exporters, which constitute the main items of Afghanistan’s exports, and the data were evaluated. According to the exporters, the biggest obstacle for them to increase exports is the energy problem, followed by the problems of finding a market, cash shortage, bureaucracy, goods transport, unjustified excuses of civil servants, lack of international certificates, lack of standard places for processing and packaging, and insufficient warehouse. Potential risks and security issues directly or indirectly affect the business world. However, one of the most important obstacles to the growth of trade and the private sector is the market structure, where various conflicts are experienced and intervened in. The main solutions are effective and sustainable marketing services, practices that encourage foreign trade, incentives for investors, policies to reduce tariffs and customs clearance costs, strengthening the country's economic infrastructure, and increasing security measures. It is clear that the suggestions put forward by the research will make significant contributions to the economic development of Afghanistan.
References
- Ahmadyar, T. 2021. Major Challenges of Afghanistan Exports, Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Investment (ACCI), https://acci.org.af/en/president-biography. (Available Date: 01.03.2023).
- Bakhshi, R. 2016. Export problems in Afghanistan, Afghanistan Economics.
- Danesh, Z. 2017. The role of agriculture in the economy. 8 am media. https://8am.media/the-role-of-agriculture-in-the-economy/. (Available Date: 13.03.2023).
- FAO. 2018. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2018. Agricultural trade, climate change and food security. Rome.
- Gbetnkom, D. and S. A. Khan. 2020, Determinants of agricultural exports: The case of Cameroon, (Doctorate thesis. AERC).
- Habibyar, N. 2014. Afghanistan Exports; Good Economic Model for Business System Development. BBC news, https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan/2014/09/140930_k03_economic_challanges_of_new_govt, (Available Date: 23.02.2023).
- ITC Trademap., 2018. Trade Statistics of International Business Development. List of Import and Export Products. https://www.trademap.org. (Available Date: 11.02.2023).
- Kaur, J., Aslam, R., & Saeed, P. A. (2021). Storage structures for horticultural crops: a review. Environment Conservation Journal, 22(SE), 95-105.
- Merzakhil, O. 2018. The export opportunities and challenges of Afghanistan dried fruits and nuts. Master’s thesis. Kabul University. pp. 16-89. Kabul-Afghanistan.
- Moghaddasi, R. and R. Rahimi. 2012. Impact of free trade agreements on bilateral agricultural trade for ECO countries.
- NSIA (National Statistics and Information Authority), 2019. Agriculture Economy Statistics. Annual Trade. 2011-2018. Https://Nsia.Gov.Af. (Available Date: 04.11.2023).
- Rahimi, A. F. 2019. Regional Agricultural Development Program- East (RADP-E). Agribusiness List.
- RAHİMİ, M. S., & ARTUKOĞLU, M. (2021). Problems Facing Agricultural Product Exporters and Solutions: A Case Study from Afghanistan. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 27(2), 101-112.
- Rocha, N. 2017. Trade as a Vehicle for Growth in Afghanistan. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/afghanistan/publication/trade-as-a-vehicle-for-growth-in-afghanistan. (Available Date: 01.03.2023).
- Statista., 2019. Trends in Global Export Volume of Trade in Goods. Empowering people with data. Insights and facts across 170 industries and 150+ countries. https://www.statista.com. (Available Date: 15.03.2023).
- WTO OMCDATA. 2019. International Trade Statistics. WTO Data - Information on trade and trade policy measures. https://data.wto.org/. (Available Date: 31.02.2023).
AFGANİSTAN TARIM ÜRÜNLERİ İHRACATÇILARININ SOSYO-EKONOMİK YAPISI ve İHRACATA BAKIŞ AÇILARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Abstract
Afganistan'ın tarımsal ihracatını, tarımsal ihracatçıların bakış açısı ile değerlendiren bu çalışmada, belirlenen toplam 600 ihracatçıdan örneğe giren 62’si ile yüz yüze görüşme yapılmıştır. İhracatçılar Afganistan ihracatının ana kalemlerini oluşturanı yaş sebze ve meyve ihracatçıları ve kuru meyve ve tıbbi bitki ihracatçıları olarak ayrılmış ve veriler değerlendirilmiştir. İhracatçılara göre; daha çok ihracat yapmalarındaki en büyük engel, enerji sorunu olup, bunu sırasıyla pazar bulma sorunu, nakit sıkıntısı, bürokrasi, mal nakli, devlet memurlarının sebepsiz mazeretleri, uluslararası sertifikaların olmaması, işleme ve paketleme için standart yer olmaması ve depo yetersizliği izlemektedir. Potansiyel riskler ve güvenlik sorunları, iş dünyasında doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak etkilemektedir. Bununla birlikte ticaretin ve özel sektörün büyümesinin önündeki en önemli engeller arasında, çeşitli çatışmaların yaşandığı ve müdahale edilen piyasa yapısı olarak gösterilmektedir. Etkin ve sürdürülebilir pazarlama hizmetleri, dış ticareti teşvik eden uygulamalar, yatırımcılara yönelik teşvikler, tarifeler ve gümrükleme masraflarını azaltıcı politikaların izlenmesi, ülkenin ekonomik altyapısının güçlendirilmesi, güvenlik önlemlerinin artırılması önerilerin başlıca çözümlerdir. Araştırma ile ortaya konulan önerilerin Afganistan’ın ekonomik olarak gelişmesine önemli katkıları olacağı açıktır.
References
- Ahmadyar, T. 2021. Major Challenges of Afghanistan Exports, Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Investment (ACCI), https://acci.org.af/en/president-biography. (Available Date: 01.03.2023).
- Bakhshi, R. 2016. Export problems in Afghanistan, Afghanistan Economics.
- Danesh, Z. 2017. The role of agriculture in the economy. 8 am media. https://8am.media/the-role-of-agriculture-in-the-economy/. (Available Date: 13.03.2023).
- FAO. 2018. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2018. Agricultural trade, climate change and food security. Rome.
- Gbetnkom, D. and S. A. Khan. 2020, Determinants of agricultural exports: The case of Cameroon, (Doctorate thesis. AERC).
- Habibyar, N. 2014. Afghanistan Exports; Good Economic Model for Business System Development. BBC news, https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan/2014/09/140930_k03_economic_challanges_of_new_govt, (Available Date: 23.02.2023).
- ITC Trademap., 2018. Trade Statistics of International Business Development. List of Import and Export Products. https://www.trademap.org. (Available Date: 11.02.2023).
- Kaur, J., Aslam, R., & Saeed, P. A. (2021). Storage structures for horticultural crops: a review. Environment Conservation Journal, 22(SE), 95-105.
- Merzakhil, O. 2018. The export opportunities and challenges of Afghanistan dried fruits and nuts. Master’s thesis. Kabul University. pp. 16-89. Kabul-Afghanistan.
- Moghaddasi, R. and R. Rahimi. 2012. Impact of free trade agreements on bilateral agricultural trade for ECO countries.
- NSIA (National Statistics and Information Authority), 2019. Agriculture Economy Statistics. Annual Trade. 2011-2018. Https://Nsia.Gov.Af. (Available Date: 04.11.2023).
- Rahimi, A. F. 2019. Regional Agricultural Development Program- East (RADP-E). Agribusiness List.
- RAHİMİ, M. S., & ARTUKOĞLU, M. (2021). Problems Facing Agricultural Product Exporters and Solutions: A Case Study from Afghanistan. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 27(2), 101-112.
- Rocha, N. 2017. Trade as a Vehicle for Growth in Afghanistan. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/afghanistan/publication/trade-as-a-vehicle-for-growth-in-afghanistan. (Available Date: 01.03.2023).
- Statista., 2019. Trends in Global Export Volume of Trade in Goods. Empowering people with data. Insights and facts across 170 industries and 150+ countries. https://www.statista.com. (Available Date: 15.03.2023).
- WTO OMCDATA. 2019. International Trade Statistics. WTO Data - Information on trade and trade policy measures. https://data.wto.org/. (Available Date: 31.02.2023).
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural Economics (Other) |
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 29, 2023 |
| Submission Date | June 5, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 33 Issue: 1 |
