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Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 4, 719 - 729, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177

Abstract

İnsanlar genelde zamanlarının %90’dan daha büyük bir kısmını kapalı ortamlarda geçirmektedirler. Kapalı ortamlarda radona maruz kalma sağlık açısından önemli bir problem olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü’nde 6 fakülte binasında, çalışanların ve öğrencilerin sağlık risklerini değerlendirmek ve yıllık etkin doz eşdeğerlerini hesaplamak için radon konsantrasyonları ölçülmüştür. Ölçümler aktif ölçüm metoduyla ölçüm yapan Genitron marka AlphaGUARD PQ2000 PRO Radon Detektör Sisteminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Fakülte binalarının radon konsantrasyonu değerleri 4.48-82.00 Bqm-3; ortalama radon konsantrasyonları ise 20.64-30.91 Bqm-3 aralığında belirlenmiştir. Tüm binaların ortalama radon konsantrasyonu 24.79 Bqm-3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. 6 fakülte binasının yıllık etkin doz eşdeğerleri 0.16-0.24 mSvy-1 aralığında belirlenmiş, ortalama yıllık etkin doz eşdeğeri ise 0.20 mSvy-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, kapalı ortamlarda radon gazı konsantrasyonları için Uluslararası Radyolojik Koruma Komisyon (ICRP) ve Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu (TAEK) tarafından tavsiye edilen limit değerlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. ANS Kampüsü’ndeki 6 fakülte binasının radon konsantrasyonlarının ölçüm sonuçları ve yıllık etkin doz eşdeğerleri, kuruluşlar tarafından izin verilen limit değerlerinin altında belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Alkan, T., Karadeniz, Ö., 2014. Indoor 222Rn levels and effective dose estimation of academic staff in Izmir-Turkey. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 27, 259–267. https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2014.049
  • Al-Khateeb, H.M., Aljarrah, K.M., Alzoubi, F.Y., Alqadi, M.K., Ahmad, A.A., 2017. The correlation between indoor and In soil radon concentrations in a desert climate. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 130, 142–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.08.00
  • Altinsöz, M., Alğın, E., Aşıcı, C., Soğukpınar, H., 2016. Radon concentration measurements at a University Campus In Turkey. Turkish Journal of Physics, 40, 69–75. https://doi.org/10.3906/fiz-1510-1
  • Apte, M.G., Price, P.N., Nero, A. v, Revzan, K.L., 1998. Predicting new hampshire indoor radon concentrations from Geologic information and other covariates. Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc836039/m2/1/high_res_d/1009823.pdf, (19.06.2022)
  • Axelson, O., 1995. Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 37–43.
  • Başaran, C., 2019. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi-ANS Kampüsü (Afyonkarahisar) yeraltısularının hidrojeokimyası ve kullanılabilirlik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 7, 431–440. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.510026
  • Büyükuslu, H., Özdemir, F.B., Öge, T.Ö., Gökce, H., 2018. Indoor and tap water radon (222Rn) concentration measurements at Giresun University Campus areas. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 139, 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.05.027
  • Cevik, U., Celik, A., Celik, N., Ozkalayci, F., Akbulute, S., 2013. Assessment of radiological levels at schools in Trabzon, Turkey. Indoor and Built Environment, 22, 376–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X11426590
  • Field, R.W., Steck, D.J., Smith, B.J., Brus, C.P., Fisher, E.L., Neuberger, J.S., Piatz, C.E., Robinson, R.A., Woolson, R.F., Lynch’, C.F., 2000. Residential radon gas exposure and lung cancer the Iowa radon lung cancer study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151, No:11.
  • Gökharman, F.D., Aydın, S.,Koşar, P.N.,2016. Radyasyon Güvenliğinde Mesleki Olarak Bilmemiz Gerekenler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7-2, 35-40.
  • ICRP, 1993. The International Commission on Radiological Protection, Protection against radon-222 at home and at work, Annals of the ICRP.
  • Ielsch, G., Ferry, C., Tymen, G., Rob, M.C., 2002. Study of a Predictive Methodology for Quantification and Mapping of the Radon-222 Exhalation Rate. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,63, 15–33.
  • Karakılıç, V.,Bayraktar, G.,Kürkçüoğlu, M.E.,Haner, B., Yılmaz, A., 2009. Radon Measurements at S.D.U. Information Center. Süleyman Demirel University, Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 13-3 ,201-207.
  • Kemski, J., Klingel, R., Siehl, A., Valdivia-Manchego, M., 2009. From radon hazard to risk prediction-based on geological maps, soil gas and indoor measurements in Germany. Environmental Geology, 56, 1269–1279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1226-z
  • Khan, S.A., Ali, S., Tufail, M., Qureshi, A.A., 2005. Radon concentration levels in Fatima Jinnah Women University Pakistan. Radioprotection, 40, 11–27. https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro:2004019
  • Kulalı, F., Günay, O., Aközcan, S., 2019. Determination of indoor radon levels at campuses of Üsküdar and Okan Universities. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16, 5281–5284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02369-5
  • Lázár, I., Tóth, E., Marx, G., Cziegler, I., Köteles, G.J., 2003. Effects of residential radon on cancer incidence. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 258, 519–524.
  • NCRP 1988, n.d. NCRP RPT 97: Measurement of radon and radon daughters in air. https://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?document_name=NCRP%20RPT%2097&item_s_key=00292245 (09.06.2022)
  • Obed, R.I., Lateef, H.T., Ademola, A.K., 2010. Indoor radon survey in a University Campus of Nigeria. Journal of Medical Physics, 35, 242–246. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.71760
  • Oikawa, S., Kanno, N., Sanada, T., Abukawa, J., Higuchi, H., 2006. A survey of indoor workplace radon concentration in Japan. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 87, 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.12.001
  • Oni, O.M., Isola, G.A., Oladapo, O.O., Oni, E.A., 2012. Estimation of lifetime fatality risk from indoor radon in some offices in a Nigerian University. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 4, 131–133.
  • Örgün, Y., Çelebi, N., 2016. Radyasyon, radon (Rn) ve toplum sağlığı. TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası, Tıbbi Jeoloji ve İnsan Sağlığı, Haber Bülteni, Ocak-Haziran 11–27.
  • Popit, A., Vaupotič, J., 2002. Indoor radon concentrations in relation to geology in Slovenia. Environmental Geology, 42, 330–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0526-y
  • Rahman, S.U., Rafique, M., Matiullah, Anwar, J., 2010. Radon measurement studies in workplace buildings of the Rawalpindi region and Islamabad Capital Area, Pakistan. Building and Environment, 45, 421–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.019
  • Saphymo GmbH, 1998. AlphaGUARD User manual portable radon monitor, Heerstrasse 149 D-60488.
  • Schumann, R.R., Gundersen, L.C.S., 1996. Geologic and climatic controls on the radon emanation coefficient. Environment International, 22, 439–446.
  • Shi, X., Hoftiezer, D.J., Duell, E.J., Onega, T.L., 2006. Spatial association between residential radon concentration and bedrock types in New Hampshire. Environmental Geology, 51, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0304-3
  • Sundal, A. v., Henriksen, H., Soldal, O., Strand, T., 2004. The influence of geological factors on indoor radon concentrations in Norway. Science of the Total Environment, 328, 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.02.011
  • TAEK, 2012. Kapalı Ortamlarda Radon Gazı. Teknik Rapor 2012/3, Ankara.
  • Uludağ, H.İ., 2010. Radon Kirliliği ve Halk Sağlığı İlişkisi. Bitirme tezi, T.C. Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, İzmir, 44.
  • UNSCEAR, 2000. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes Volume I: Sources United Nations.
  • UNSCEAR, 1982. Ionizing Radiation: Sources and Biological Effects, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1982 Report to the General Assembly, with annexes UNITED NATIONS.
  • Uzun Duran, S., Küçükömeroğlu, B., 2020. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Kampüsü’nde bazı ofislerde radon gazı ölçümü ve çevrelerindeki topraklarda radyonüklid seviyeleri. BEU Journal of Science, 9, 68–77.
  • WHO, 2009. The World Health Organization, Handbook on Indoor Radon: a Public Health Perspective. World Health Organization.
  • Yalım, H.A., Gümüş, A., Ünal, R., 2018. Determination of Indoor Radon Concentration and Effective Dose Equivalent at Workplaces of Afyonkarahisar Province. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 13, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.442298
  • Yu, K.N., Lau, B.M.F., Guan, Z.J., Lo, T.Y., Young, E.C.M., 2000. Survey of the Rn dose conversion factor for offices. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 51, 379–385.
  • Zenginerler, Z., Ertugral, F., Yakut, H., Tabar, E., Demirci, N., Gunermelikoglu, K., 2016. Measurement of Seasonal Indoor Radon Concentration in Sakarya University, Turkey. Acta Physica Polonica A, 130, 450–452. https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.130.450
  • Zhu, H.C., Charlet, J.M., Poffijn, A., 2001. Radon Risk Mapping in Southern Belgium: an Application of Geostatistical and GIS Techniques. The Science of the Total Environment, 272, 203–210.

Determination of Indoor Radon Concentrations and Annual Effective Dose Equivalents at Afyon Kocatepe University Ahmet Necdet Sezer Campus

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 4, 719 - 729, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177

Abstract

People generally spend more than 90% of their time indoors. Exposure to radon in indoor environments can be a significant health problem. In this study, radon concentrations were measured to evaluate the health risks of employees and students in 6 faculty buildings in Afyon Kocatepe University Ahmet Necdet Sezer Campus and to calculate annual effective dose equivalents. Measurements were carried out in the Genitron AlphaGUARD PQ2000 PRO Radon Detector System which measures with active measurement method. The radon concentration values of the faculty buildings are 4.48-82.00 Bqm-3; mean radon concentrations were determined in the range of 20.64-30.91 Bqm-3. The average radon concentration of all buildings was calculated as 24.79 Bqm-3. The annual effective dose equivalents of 6 faculty buildings were determined in the range of 0.16-0.24 mSvy-1, and the average annual effective dose equivalent was calculated as 0.20 mSvy-1. The results were compared with the limit values recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEK) for radon gas concentrations in indoor environments. The measurement results of the radon concentrations and annual effective dose equivalents of the 6 faculty buildings on the ANS Campus were determined below the limit values allowed by the institutions.

References

  • Alkan, T., Karadeniz, Ö., 2014. Indoor 222Rn levels and effective dose estimation of academic staff in Izmir-Turkey. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 27, 259–267. https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2014.049
  • Al-Khateeb, H.M., Aljarrah, K.M., Alzoubi, F.Y., Alqadi, M.K., Ahmad, A.A., 2017. The correlation between indoor and In soil radon concentrations in a desert climate. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 130, 142–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.08.00
  • Altinsöz, M., Alğın, E., Aşıcı, C., Soğukpınar, H., 2016. Radon concentration measurements at a University Campus In Turkey. Turkish Journal of Physics, 40, 69–75. https://doi.org/10.3906/fiz-1510-1
  • Apte, M.G., Price, P.N., Nero, A. v, Revzan, K.L., 1998. Predicting new hampshire indoor radon concentrations from Geologic information and other covariates. Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc836039/m2/1/high_res_d/1009823.pdf, (19.06.2022)
  • Axelson, O., 1995. Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 37–43.
  • Başaran, C., 2019. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi-ANS Kampüsü (Afyonkarahisar) yeraltısularının hidrojeokimyası ve kullanılabilirlik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 7, 431–440. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.510026
  • Büyükuslu, H., Özdemir, F.B., Öge, T.Ö., Gökce, H., 2018. Indoor and tap water radon (222Rn) concentration measurements at Giresun University Campus areas. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 139, 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.05.027
  • Cevik, U., Celik, A., Celik, N., Ozkalayci, F., Akbulute, S., 2013. Assessment of radiological levels at schools in Trabzon, Turkey. Indoor and Built Environment, 22, 376–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X11426590
  • Field, R.W., Steck, D.J., Smith, B.J., Brus, C.P., Fisher, E.L., Neuberger, J.S., Piatz, C.E., Robinson, R.A., Woolson, R.F., Lynch’, C.F., 2000. Residential radon gas exposure and lung cancer the Iowa radon lung cancer study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151, No:11.
  • Gökharman, F.D., Aydın, S.,Koşar, P.N.,2016. Radyasyon Güvenliğinde Mesleki Olarak Bilmemiz Gerekenler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7-2, 35-40.
  • ICRP, 1993. The International Commission on Radiological Protection, Protection against radon-222 at home and at work, Annals of the ICRP.
  • Ielsch, G., Ferry, C., Tymen, G., Rob, M.C., 2002. Study of a Predictive Methodology for Quantification and Mapping of the Radon-222 Exhalation Rate. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,63, 15–33.
  • Karakılıç, V.,Bayraktar, G.,Kürkçüoğlu, M.E.,Haner, B., Yılmaz, A., 2009. Radon Measurements at S.D.U. Information Center. Süleyman Demirel University, Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 13-3 ,201-207.
  • Kemski, J., Klingel, R., Siehl, A., Valdivia-Manchego, M., 2009. From radon hazard to risk prediction-based on geological maps, soil gas and indoor measurements in Germany. Environmental Geology, 56, 1269–1279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1226-z
  • Khan, S.A., Ali, S., Tufail, M., Qureshi, A.A., 2005. Radon concentration levels in Fatima Jinnah Women University Pakistan. Radioprotection, 40, 11–27. https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro:2004019
  • Kulalı, F., Günay, O., Aközcan, S., 2019. Determination of indoor radon levels at campuses of Üsküdar and Okan Universities. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16, 5281–5284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02369-5
  • Lázár, I., Tóth, E., Marx, G., Cziegler, I., Köteles, G.J., 2003. Effects of residential radon on cancer incidence. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 258, 519–524.
  • NCRP 1988, n.d. NCRP RPT 97: Measurement of radon and radon daughters in air. https://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?document_name=NCRP%20RPT%2097&item_s_key=00292245 (09.06.2022)
  • Obed, R.I., Lateef, H.T., Ademola, A.K., 2010. Indoor radon survey in a University Campus of Nigeria. Journal of Medical Physics, 35, 242–246. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.71760
  • Oikawa, S., Kanno, N., Sanada, T., Abukawa, J., Higuchi, H., 2006. A survey of indoor workplace radon concentration in Japan. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 87, 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.12.001
  • Oni, O.M., Isola, G.A., Oladapo, O.O., Oni, E.A., 2012. Estimation of lifetime fatality risk from indoor radon in some offices in a Nigerian University. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 4, 131–133.
  • Örgün, Y., Çelebi, N., 2016. Radyasyon, radon (Rn) ve toplum sağlığı. TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası, Tıbbi Jeoloji ve İnsan Sağlığı, Haber Bülteni, Ocak-Haziran 11–27.
  • Popit, A., Vaupotič, J., 2002. Indoor radon concentrations in relation to geology in Slovenia. Environmental Geology, 42, 330–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0526-y
  • Rahman, S.U., Rafique, M., Matiullah, Anwar, J., 2010. Radon measurement studies in workplace buildings of the Rawalpindi region and Islamabad Capital Area, Pakistan. Building and Environment, 45, 421–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.019
  • Saphymo GmbH, 1998. AlphaGUARD User manual portable radon monitor, Heerstrasse 149 D-60488.
  • Schumann, R.R., Gundersen, L.C.S., 1996. Geologic and climatic controls on the radon emanation coefficient. Environment International, 22, 439–446.
  • Shi, X., Hoftiezer, D.J., Duell, E.J., Onega, T.L., 2006. Spatial association between residential radon concentration and bedrock types in New Hampshire. Environmental Geology, 51, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0304-3
  • Sundal, A. v., Henriksen, H., Soldal, O., Strand, T., 2004. The influence of geological factors on indoor radon concentrations in Norway. Science of the Total Environment, 328, 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.02.011
  • TAEK, 2012. Kapalı Ortamlarda Radon Gazı. Teknik Rapor 2012/3, Ankara.
  • Uludağ, H.İ., 2010. Radon Kirliliği ve Halk Sağlığı İlişkisi. Bitirme tezi, T.C. Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, İzmir, 44.
  • UNSCEAR, 2000. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes Volume I: Sources United Nations.
  • UNSCEAR, 1982. Ionizing Radiation: Sources and Biological Effects, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 1982 Report to the General Assembly, with annexes UNITED NATIONS.
  • Uzun Duran, S., Küçükömeroğlu, B., 2020. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Kampüsü’nde bazı ofislerde radon gazı ölçümü ve çevrelerindeki topraklarda radyonüklid seviyeleri. BEU Journal of Science, 9, 68–77.
  • WHO, 2009. The World Health Organization, Handbook on Indoor Radon: a Public Health Perspective. World Health Organization.
  • Yalım, H.A., Gümüş, A., Ünal, R., 2018. Determination of Indoor Radon Concentration and Effective Dose Equivalent at Workplaces of Afyonkarahisar Province. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 13, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.442298
  • Yu, K.N., Lau, B.M.F., Guan, Z.J., Lo, T.Y., Young, E.C.M., 2000. Survey of the Rn dose conversion factor for offices. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 51, 379–385.
  • Zenginerler, Z., Ertugral, F., Yakut, H., Tabar, E., Demirci, N., Gunermelikoglu, K., 2016. Measurement of Seasonal Indoor Radon Concentration in Sakarya University, Turkey. Acta Physica Polonica A, 130, 450–452. https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.130.450
  • Zhu, H.C., Charlet, J.M., Poffijn, A., 2001. Radon Risk Mapping in Southern Belgium: an Application of Geostatistical and GIS Techniques. The Science of the Total Environment, 272, 203–210.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayla Gümüş 0000-0002-2021-6840

Hüseyin Ali Yalım 0000-0002-9452-7844

Publication Date August 31, 2022
Submission Date July 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 22 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gümüş, A., & Yalım, H. A. (2022). Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(4), 719-729. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177
AMA Gümüş A, Yalım HA. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. August 2022;22(4):719-729. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1142177
Chicago Gümüş, Ayla, and Hüseyin Ali Yalım. “Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının Ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22, no. 4 (August 2022): 719-29. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177.
EndNote Gümüş A, Yalım HA (August 1, 2022) Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22 4 719–729.
IEEE A. Gümüş and H. A. Yalım, “Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 719–729, 2022, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.1142177.
ISNAD Gümüş, Ayla - Yalım, Hüseyin Ali. “Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının Ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22/4 (August 2022), 719-729. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177.
JAMA Gümüş A, Yalım HA. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;22:719–729.
MLA Gümüş, Ayla and Hüseyin Ali Yalım. “Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının Ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 4, 2022, pp. 719-2, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1142177.
Vancouver Gümüş A, Yalım HA. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü Bina içi Radon Konsantrasyonlarının ve Yıllık Etkin Doz Eşdeğerlerinin Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;22(4):719-2.