Research Article
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Detection of Tick Borne Zoonotic Bacteria by PCR in Dogs

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 40 - 44, 23.06.2023

Şükrü Kırkan Göksel Erbaş Hafize Tuğba Yüksel Dolgun Yiğit Seferoğlu Uğur Parın Serap Savaşan

https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1293940

Abstract

The prevalence of some tick-borne zoonotic bacteria (Borrelia sp., Coxiella burnetii, and Rickettsia sp.) in dog blood samples were examined using by PCR. A total of 200 dog blood samples were collected from dogs located in western Türkiye. Three pathogens for dogs, Borrelia burgdorferi, C. burnetii and Rickettsia sp. of were detected in dog blood samples. A single PCR was performed for the C. burnetii and multiplex PCR was applied for the Rickettsiae spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi. At the end of PCR study, Borrelia burgdorferi, C. burnetii and Rickettsiae sp. target pathogens were identified at the rate of 55.0% from all blood samples. The percentage distributions according to identified species were at the rate of C. burnetii 1.5%, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato 2.0% and Rickettsiae spp. 51.5%. In this results show that the dogs may be a risk factor for the distribution of the tick-borne zoonotic bacteria. Tick borne zoonotic bacteria were to create a hazard to the human health.

Keywords

Tick-borne zoonotic bacteria identification multiplex PCR

Supporting Institution

Aydın Adnan Menderes University Scientific Research Projects Department

Project Number

VTF-10009

References

  • Azad, A. F., & Radulovic, S. (2003). Pathogenic rickettsiae as bioterrorism agents. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 990(1), 734-738. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07452.x
  • Azuma, Y., Isogai, E., Isogai, H., & Kawamura, K. (1994). Canine Lyme disease: clinical and serological evaluations in 21 dogs in Japan. The Veterinary Record, 134(15), 369-372. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.134.15.369
  • Barandika, J. F., Hurtado, A., García-Esteban, C., Gil, H., Escudero, R., Barral, M., Jado I, Juste RA, Anda P., & García-Pérez, A. L. (2007). Tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in wild and domestic small mammals in northern Spain. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73(19), 6166-6171. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00590-07
  • Barandika, J. F., Hurtado, A., García-Sanmartín, J., Juste, R. A., Anda, P., & García-Pérez, A. L. (2008). Prevalence of tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in questing adult ticks from northern Spain. Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 8(6), 829-836. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2008.0023
  • Barral, M., Garcia-Perez, A. L., Juste, R. A., Hurtado, A., Escudero, R., Sellek, R. E., & Anda, P. (2002). Distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from the Basque Country, Spain. Journal of Medical Entomology, 39(1), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.177
  • Filipuzzi-Jenny, E., Blot, M., Schmid-Berger, N., Meister-Turner, J., & Meyer, J. (1993). Genetic diversity among Borrelia burgdorferi isolates: more than three genospecies?. Research in Microbiology, 144(4), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/0923-2508(93)90014-S
  • Gil, H., Barral, M., Escudero, R., García-Pérez, A. L., & Anda, P. (2005). Identification of a new Borrelia species among small mammals in areas of northern Spain where Lyme disease is endemic. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(3), 1336-1345. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.3.1336-1345.2005 Hayes, E. B., & Piesman, J. (2003). How can we prevent Lyme disease?. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(24), 2424-2430. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra021397
  • Hillyard, P. D. (1996). Diseases carried by ticks in NW Europe: their medical and veterinary importance. Ticks of North-West Europe. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series). FSC Publications, 22-23.
  • Junttila, J., Peltomaa, M., Soini, H., Marjamäki, M., & Viljanen, M. K. (1999). Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ricinus ticks in urban recreational areas of Helsinki. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 37(5), 1361-1365. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.37.5.1361-1365.1999
  • Kosik-Bogacka, D., Kuzna-Grygiel, W., & Bukowska, K. (2004). The prevalence of spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks Ixodes ricinus and mosquitoes Aedes spp. within a selected recreational area in the city of Szczecin. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 11(1), 105-108
  • Kramer, V. L., Randolph, M. P., Hui, L. T., Irwin, W. E., Gutierrez, A. G., & Vugia, D. J. (1999). Detection of the agents of human ehrlichioses in ixodid ticks from California. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 60(1), 62-65. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.62
  • Lane, R. S. (1996). Risk of human exposure to vector ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in a heavily used recreational area in northern California. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 55(2), 165-173. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.55.2.TM0550020165
  • Levy, S. A., & Magnarelli, L. A. (1992). Relationship between development of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs and the subsequent development of limb/joint borreliosis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 200(3), 344-347.
  • Lovrich, S. D., Callister, S. M., Lim, L. C. L., DuChateau, B. K., & Schell, R. F. (1994). Seroprotective groups of Lyme borreliosis spirochetes from North America and Europe. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 170(1), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.1.115
  • Magnarelli, L. A., Denicola, A., Stafford 3rd, K. C., & Anderson, J. F. (1995). Borrelia burgdorferi in an urban environment: white-tailed deer with infected ticks and antibodies. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33(3), 541-544. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.3.541-544.1995
  • Maurin, M.D.F., & Raoult D. (1999). Q fever. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 12, 518-553. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.4.518
  • Mumcuoglu, K. Y., Frish, K., Sarov, B., Manors, E., Gross, E., Gat, Z., & Galun, R. (1993). Ecological studies on the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern Israel and its relationship to spotted fever group rickettsiae. Journal of Medical Entomology, 30(1), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.1.114
  • Parola, P., & Raoult, D. (2001). Tick-borne bacterial diseases emerging in Europe. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 7(2), 80-83. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00200.x
  • Parola, P., Davoust, B., & Raoult, D. (2005). Tick-and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses. Veterinary Research, 36(3), 469-492. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2005004
  • Piesman, J., & Gern, L. (2004). Lyme borreliosis in europe and North america. Parasitology, 129(S1), S191-S220. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182003004694
  • Psaroulaki, A., Ragiadakou, D., Kouris, G., Papadopoulos, B., Chaniotis, B., & Tselentis, Y. (2006). Ticks, tick‐borne Rickettsiae, and Coxiella burnetii in the Greek island of Cephalonia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1078(1), 389-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1374.077
  • Raoult, D., & Roux, V. (1997). Rickettsioses as paradigms of new or emerging infectious diseases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 10(4), 694-719. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.10.4.694
  • Rehacek, J., Kaaserer, B., Urvölgyi, J., Lukáčová, M., Kováčová, E., & Kocianová, E. (1994). Isolation of Coxiella burnetii and of an unknown rickettsial organism from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Austria. European Journal of Epidemiology, 719-723. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01719288
  • Rijpkema, S. G., Molkenboer, M. J., Schouls, L. M., Jongejan, F., & Schellekens, J. F. (1995). Simultaneous detection and genotyping of three genomic groups of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks by characterization of the amplified intergenic spacer region between 5S and 23S rRNA genes. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33(12), 3091-3095. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.12.3091-3095.1995
  • Saito, T. B., Cunha-Filho, N. A., Pacheco, R. C., Ferreira, F., Pappen, F. G., Farias, N. A. R, Larsson C.E., & Labruna, M. B. (2008). Canine infection by rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in southern Brazil. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.102
  • Schouls, L. M., Van De Pol, I., Rijpkema, S. G., & Schot, C. S. (1999). Detection and identification of Ehrlichia, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Bartonella species in Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks. Journal of Cinical Microbiology, 37(7), 2215-2222. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.37.7.2215-2222.1999.
  • Senneville, E., Ajana, F., Lecocq, P., Chidiac, C., & Mouton, Y. (1991). Rickettsia conorii isolated from ticks introduced to northern France by a dog. Lancet (British edition), 337(8742). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)92493-L
  • Smetanova, K., Schwarzova, K., & Kocianova, E. (2006). Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia burgdorferi sl in Ticks, and Wild‐Living Animals in Western and Middle Slovakia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1078(1), 312-315. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1374.058
  • Stanek, G., Wormser, G. P., Gray, J., & Strle, F. (2012). Lyme borreliosis. The Lancet, 379(9814), 461-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14798-8
  • Steere, A. (2000). Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme Disease, Lyme Borreliosis) in Mandell, Douglas and Bennetts’ editors Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7, 3071-3081. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200107123450207
  • Talleklint, L., & Jaenson, T. G. (1998). Increasing geographical distribution and density of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in central and northern Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 35(4), 521-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/35.4.521
  • Vianna, M. C. B., Horta, M. C., Sangioni, L. A., Cortez, A., Soares, R. M., Mafra, C. L., Galvão, M. A. M., Labruna, M. B., & Gennari, S. M. (2008). Rickettsial spotted fever in capoeirao village, Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 50, 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652008000500009
  • Weissenbock, H., & Holzmann, H. (1996). Tick-borne encephalitis in Austrian dogs. The Veterinary Record, 139(23), 575-576.
  • Wielinga, P. R., Gaasenbeek, C., Fonville, M., de Boer, A., de Vries, A., Dimmers, W., G. A. O. Jagers, L. M. Schouls, F. Borgsteede, & van der Giessen, J. W. (2006). Longitudinal analysis of tick densities and Borrelia, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia infections of Ixodes ricinus ticks in different habitat areas in The Netherlands. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 72(12), 7594-7601. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01851-06

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 40 - 44, 23.06.2023

Şükrü Kırkan Göksel Erbaş Hafize Tuğba Yüksel Dolgun Yiğit Seferoğlu Uğur Parın Serap Savaşan

https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1293940

Abstract

Project Number

VTF-10009

References

  • Azad, A. F., & Radulovic, S. (2003). Pathogenic rickettsiae as bioterrorism agents. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 990(1), 734-738. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07452.x
  • Azuma, Y., Isogai, E., Isogai, H., & Kawamura, K. (1994). Canine Lyme disease: clinical and serological evaluations in 21 dogs in Japan. The Veterinary Record, 134(15), 369-372. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.134.15.369
  • Barandika, J. F., Hurtado, A., García-Esteban, C., Gil, H., Escudero, R., Barral, M., Jado I, Juste RA, Anda P., & García-Pérez, A. L. (2007). Tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in wild and domestic small mammals in northern Spain. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73(19), 6166-6171. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00590-07
  • Barandika, J. F., Hurtado, A., García-Sanmartín, J., Juste, R. A., Anda, P., & García-Pérez, A. L. (2008). Prevalence of tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in questing adult ticks from northern Spain. Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 8(6), 829-836. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2008.0023
  • Barral, M., Garcia-Perez, A. L., Juste, R. A., Hurtado, A., Escudero, R., Sellek, R. E., & Anda, P. (2002). Distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from the Basque Country, Spain. Journal of Medical Entomology, 39(1), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.177
  • Filipuzzi-Jenny, E., Blot, M., Schmid-Berger, N., Meister-Turner, J., & Meyer, J. (1993). Genetic diversity among Borrelia burgdorferi isolates: more than three genospecies?. Research in Microbiology, 144(4), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/0923-2508(93)90014-S
  • Gil, H., Barral, M., Escudero, R., García-Pérez, A. L., & Anda, P. (2005). Identification of a new Borrelia species among small mammals in areas of northern Spain where Lyme disease is endemic. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(3), 1336-1345. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.3.1336-1345.2005 Hayes, E. B., & Piesman, J. (2003). How can we prevent Lyme disease?. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(24), 2424-2430. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra021397
  • Hillyard, P. D. (1996). Diseases carried by ticks in NW Europe: their medical and veterinary importance. Ticks of North-West Europe. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series). FSC Publications, 22-23.
  • Junttila, J., Peltomaa, M., Soini, H., Marjamäki, M., & Viljanen, M. K. (1999). Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ricinus ticks in urban recreational areas of Helsinki. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 37(5), 1361-1365. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.37.5.1361-1365.1999
  • Kosik-Bogacka, D., Kuzna-Grygiel, W., & Bukowska, K. (2004). The prevalence of spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks Ixodes ricinus and mosquitoes Aedes spp. within a selected recreational area in the city of Szczecin. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 11(1), 105-108
  • Kramer, V. L., Randolph, M. P., Hui, L. T., Irwin, W. E., Gutierrez, A. G., & Vugia, D. J. (1999). Detection of the agents of human ehrlichioses in ixodid ticks from California. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 60(1), 62-65. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.62
  • Lane, R. S. (1996). Risk of human exposure to vector ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in a heavily used recreational area in northern California. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 55(2), 165-173. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.55.2.TM0550020165
  • Levy, S. A., & Magnarelli, L. A. (1992). Relationship between development of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs and the subsequent development of limb/joint borreliosis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 200(3), 344-347.
  • Lovrich, S. D., Callister, S. M., Lim, L. C. L., DuChateau, B. K., & Schell, R. F. (1994). Seroprotective groups of Lyme borreliosis spirochetes from North America and Europe. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 170(1), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.1.115
  • Magnarelli, L. A., Denicola, A., Stafford 3rd, K. C., & Anderson, J. F. (1995). Borrelia burgdorferi in an urban environment: white-tailed deer with infected ticks and antibodies. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33(3), 541-544. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.3.541-544.1995
  • Maurin, M.D.F., & Raoult D. (1999). Q fever. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 12, 518-553. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.4.518
  • Mumcuoglu, K. Y., Frish, K., Sarov, B., Manors, E., Gross, E., Gat, Z., & Galun, R. (1993). Ecological studies on the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern Israel and its relationship to spotted fever group rickettsiae. Journal of Medical Entomology, 30(1), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.1.114
  • Parola, P., & Raoult, D. (2001). Tick-borne bacterial diseases emerging in Europe. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 7(2), 80-83. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00200.x
  • Parola, P., Davoust, B., & Raoult, D. (2005). Tick-and flea-borne rickettsial emerging zoonoses. Veterinary Research, 36(3), 469-492. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2005004
  • Piesman, J., & Gern, L. (2004). Lyme borreliosis in europe and North america. Parasitology, 129(S1), S191-S220. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182003004694
  • Psaroulaki, A., Ragiadakou, D., Kouris, G., Papadopoulos, B., Chaniotis, B., & Tselentis, Y. (2006). Ticks, tick‐borne Rickettsiae, and Coxiella burnetii in the Greek island of Cephalonia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1078(1), 389-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1374.077
  • Raoult, D., & Roux, V. (1997). Rickettsioses as paradigms of new or emerging infectious diseases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 10(4), 694-719. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.10.4.694
  • Rehacek, J., Kaaserer, B., Urvölgyi, J., Lukáčová, M., Kováčová, E., & Kocianová, E. (1994). Isolation of Coxiella burnetii and of an unknown rickettsial organism from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Austria. European Journal of Epidemiology, 719-723. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01719288
  • Rijpkema, S. G., Molkenboer, M. J., Schouls, L. M., Jongejan, F., & Schellekens, J. F. (1995). Simultaneous detection and genotyping of three genomic groups of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks by characterization of the amplified intergenic spacer region between 5S and 23S rRNA genes. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33(12), 3091-3095. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.12.3091-3095.1995
  • Saito, T. B., Cunha-Filho, N. A., Pacheco, R. C., Ferreira, F., Pappen, F. G., Farias, N. A. R, Larsson C.E., & Labruna, M. B. (2008). Canine infection by rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in southern Brazil. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.102
  • Schouls, L. M., Van De Pol, I., Rijpkema, S. G., & Schot, C. S. (1999). Detection and identification of Ehrlichia, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Bartonella species in Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks. Journal of Cinical Microbiology, 37(7), 2215-2222. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.37.7.2215-2222.1999.
  • Senneville, E., Ajana, F., Lecocq, P., Chidiac, C., & Mouton, Y. (1991). Rickettsia conorii isolated from ticks introduced to northern France by a dog. Lancet (British edition), 337(8742). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)92493-L
  • Smetanova, K., Schwarzova, K., & Kocianova, E. (2006). Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia burgdorferi sl in Ticks, and Wild‐Living Animals in Western and Middle Slovakia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1078(1), 312-315. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1374.058
  • Stanek, G., Wormser, G. P., Gray, J., & Strle, F. (2012). Lyme borreliosis. The Lancet, 379(9814), 461-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14798-8
  • Steere, A. (2000). Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme Disease, Lyme Borreliosis) in Mandell, Douglas and Bennetts’ editors Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7, 3071-3081. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200107123450207
  • Talleklint, L., & Jaenson, T. G. (1998). Increasing geographical distribution and density of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in central and northern Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology, 35(4), 521-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/35.4.521
  • Vianna, M. C. B., Horta, M. C., Sangioni, L. A., Cortez, A., Soares, R. M., Mafra, C. L., Galvão, M. A. M., Labruna, M. B., & Gennari, S. M. (2008). Rickettsial spotted fever in capoeirao village, Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 50, 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652008000500009
  • Weissenbock, H., & Holzmann, H. (1996). Tick-borne encephalitis in Austrian dogs. The Veterinary Record, 139(23), 575-576.
  • Wielinga, P. R., Gaasenbeek, C., Fonville, M., de Boer, A., de Vries, A., Dimmers, W., G. A. O. Jagers, L. M. Schouls, F. Borgsteede, & van der Giessen, J. W. (2006). Longitudinal analysis of tick densities and Borrelia, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia infections of Ixodes ricinus ticks in different habitat areas in The Netherlands. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 72(12), 7594-7601. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01851-06
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şükrü Kırkan 0000-0001-5111-8656

Göksel Erbaş 0000-0002-1839-754X

Hafize Tuğba Yüksel Dolgun 0000-0002-1125-5792

Yiğit Seferoğlu 0000-0002-3033-2634

Uğur Parın 0000-0002-0788-5708

Serap Savaşan 0000-0002-9826-077X

Project Number VTF-10009
Publication Date June 23, 2023
Submission Date May 8, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kırkan, Ş., Erbaş, G., Yüksel Dolgun, H. T., Seferoğlu, Y., et al. (2023). Detection of Tick Borne Zoonotic Bacteria by PCR in Dogs. Animal Health Production and Hygiene, 12(1), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1293940
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