Research Article
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Effects of High Level Dietary Starch on Growth Performance, Some Blood Parameters and Intestinal Bacteria of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Year 2019, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.22392/egirdir.415623

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of the inclusion of high level of potato starch (27%) on growth
performance, blood parameters and intestinal bacteria of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. A 60-day feeding trial was
carried out on triplicate groups of 180 fish (mean ± standart devision =17.03 ± 2.68) in 140-L fiberglass tanks. There were no
significant differences in haematological variables such as red blood cell count, hematocrit ratio, hemoglobin concentration;
in immunological variable such as respiratory burst activity, and in serum biochemical variables such as total protein,
albumin, globulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase of fish fed experimental diets. However, 27%
potato starch supplementation negatively affected growth performance (FCR, SGR and weight gain), some immunological
parameters (lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activities), and some serum biochemical variables (glucose, lactate
dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase). In addition, the total counts of bacteria and lactic
acid bacteria in the 27% potato starch supplementation group was found to be significantly higher than the control group
(p<0,05). The results of the study revealed that the supplementation of high level of potato starch (27%) in aquafeed has been
found to cause undesirable effects on rainbow trout

References

  • Balcázar, J. L., De Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Cunningham, D., Vendrell, D., & Múzquiz, J. L. (2006). The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary Microbiology, 114(3-4), 173-186.
  • Bowser, P. R. (1993). Clinical pathology of Salmonid Fishes. In M. K. Stoskopf (Ed.), Fish Medicine (pp. 327-332). Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • Bruce, T., Sindelar, S., Voorhees, J., Brown, M., & Barnes, M. (2017). Performance and immunological responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed bioprocessed plant‐based proteins. Aquaculture Nutrition, 23(5), 1160-1168.
  • Campbell, T. W. (2004). Clinical Chemistry of Fish and Amphibians. In M. A. Thrall, D. C. Baker, T. W. Campbell, D. DeNicola, M. J. Fettman, E. D. Lassen, A. Rebar, & G. Weiser (Eds.), Veterinary Hematology and Clinical Chemistry (1 ed., pp. 499–517). Wilkins Pennsylvania Lippincott Williams.
  • Choi, S. M., Wang, X., Park, G. J., Lim, S. R., Kim, K. W., Bai, S. C., & Shin, I. S. (2004). Dietary dehulled soybean meal as a replacement for fish meal in fingerling and growing olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel). Aquaculture Research, 35(4), 410-418.
  • Fazio, F., Saoca, C., Piccione, G., Kesbiç, O. S., & Acar, Ü. (2016). Comparative study of some hematological and biochemical parameters of Italian and Turkish farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 16(3), 715-721.
  • Field, J. B., Elvehjem, C., & Juday, G. (1943). A study of the blood constituents of carp and trout. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 148, 261-269. García-Gallego, M., Bazoco, J., Suárez, M., & Sanz, A. (1995). Utilization of dietary carbohydrates by fish: a comparative study in eel and trout. Animal Science, 61(2), 427-436.
  • Geay, F., Ferraresso, S., Zambonino-Infante, J. L., Bargelloni, L., Quentel, C., Vandeputte, M., . . . Mazurais, D. (2011). Effects of the total replacement of fish-based diet with plant-based diet on the hepatic transcriptome of two European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) half-sibfamilies showing different growth rates with the plant-based diet. Bmc Genomics, 12(1), 522.
  • Gómez, G. D., & Balcázar, J. L. (2007). A review on the interactions between gut microbiota and innate immunity of fish. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 52(2), 145-154.
  • Hart, S. D., Bharadwaj, A. S., & Brown, P. B. (2010). Soybean lectins and trypsin inhibitors, but not oligosaccharides or the interactions of factors, impact weight gain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 306(1-4), 310-314.
  • Hassan, M., Gholizadeh, M., & Saidi, A. (2010). Study of some hematological and biochemical parameters of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry in western part of Mazandaran province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 9(1), 185-198.
  • Heath, A. G. (1995). Water pollution and fish physiology. London: CRC press.
  • Irianto, A., & Austin, B. (2002). Probiotics in aquaculture. Journal of Fish Diseases, 25(11), 633-642.
  • Iversen, M., Finstad, B., McKinley, R. S., & Eliassen, R. A. (2003). The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, Aqui-S™ and Benzoak® as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts, and their potential stress-reducing capacity. Aquaculture, 221(1), 549-566.
  • Jalili, R., Tukmechi, A., Agh, N., Noori, F., & Ghasemi, A. (2013). Replacement of dietary fish meal with plant sources in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); effect on growth performance, immune responses, blood indices and disease resistance.
  • Kumari, J., Swain, T., & Sahoo, P. K. (2003). Dietary bovine lactoferrin induces changes in immunity level and disease resistance in Asian catfish Clarias batrachus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 94(1-2), 1-9.
  • Legate, N., Bonen, A., & Moon, T. (2001). Glucose tolerance and peripheral glucose utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), American eel (Anguilla rostrata), and black bullhead catfish (Ameiurus melas). General and comparative endocrinology, 122(1), 48-59.
  • Linn, S. M., Ishikawa, M., Koshio, S., Yokoyama, S., Murata, T., Hamasaki, Y., & Nankervis, L. (2014). Effects of replacing fish meal with plant protein on growth performance, feed utilization and oxidative condition of red sea bream Pagrus major. Aquaculture Science, 62(4), 341-352.
  • Logan, M., 2010. Biostatistical design and analysis using r: a practical guide. Wiley-Blackwell, London. 546 p.
  • Mayes, P., & Botham, K. (2003a). Cholesterol Synthesis, Transport, & Excretion. In R. Murray, D. Granner, P. Mayes, & V. Rodwell (Eds.), Harper's illustrated biochemistry (26 ed., pp. 219-230). New York McGraw-Hill Education / Medical
  • Mayes, P., & Botham, K. (2003b). Metabolism of acylglycerols and sphingolipids. In R. Murray, D. Granner, P. Mayes, & V. Rodwell (Eds.), Harper's illustrated biochemistry (26 ed., pp. 197-204). New York: McGraw-Hill Education / Medical
  • Mc Donald, D., & Milligan, C. (1992). 2 Chemical Properties of the Blood. In Fish physiology (Vol. 12, pp. 55-133): Elsevier.
  • Moniruzzaman, M., Bae, J., Won, S., Cho, S., Chang, K., & Bai, S. (2018). Evaluation of solid‐state fermented protein concentrates as a fish meal replacer in the diets of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture Nutrition, 24(4), 1198-1212.
  • Morgan, J., & Iwama, G. (2011). Measurements of stressed states in the field. In G. Iwama, A. Pickering, J. Sumpter, & C. Schreck (Eds.), Fish stress and health in aquaculture (pp. 247-270). Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
  • Mosberian‐Tanha, P., Schrama, J. W., Landsverk, T., Mydland, L. T., & Øverland, M. (2018). The effect of plant‐based diet and suboptimal environmental conditions on digestive function and diet‐induced enteropathy in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Nutrition, 24(1), 112-122.
  • Nayak, S. (2010). Probiotics and immunity: a fish perspective. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 29(1), 2-14.
  • Nudo, L. P., & Catap, E. S. (2011). Immunostimulatory effects of Uncaria perrottetii (A. Rich.) Merr.(Rubiaceae) vinebark aqueous extract in Balb/C mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(2), 613-620.
  • Page, G., Hayworth, K., Wade, R., Harris, A., & Bureau, D. (1999). Non‐specific immunity parameters and the formation of advanced glycosylation end‐products (AGE) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fed high levels of dietary carbohydrates. Aquaculture Research, 30(4), 287-297.
  • Seong, M., Lee, S., Lee, S., Song, Y., Bae, J., Chang, K., & Bai, S. C. (2018). The effects of different levels of dietary fermented plant-based protein concentrate on growth, hematology and non-specific immune responses in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture, 483, 196-202.
  • Stasiak, S. A., & Baumann, P. C. (1996). Neutrophil activity as a potential bioindicator for contaminant analysis. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 6(7), 537-539. Wilson, R. (1994). Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fish. Aquaculture, 124(1-4), 67-80.
  • Wong, S., Waldrop, T., Summerfelt, S., Davidson, J., Barrows, F., Kenney, P. B., Rawls, J. F. (2013). Aquacultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) possess a large core intestinal microbiota that is resistant to variation in diet and rearing density. Applied and environmental microbiology, 79(16), 4974-4984.
  • Yamamoto, T., Konishi, K., Shima, T., Furuita, H., Suzuki, N., & Tabata, M. (2001). Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrate levels on growth and body composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self‐feeding conditions. Fisheries Science, 67(2), 221-227.
  • Yamamoto, T., Shima, T., Unuma, T., Shiraishi, M., Akiyama, T., & Tabata, M. (2000). Voluntary intake of diets with varying digestible energy contents and energy sources, by juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, using self-feeders. Fisheries Science, 66(3), 528-534.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Ergün, S. (2012). Effects of garlic and ginger oils on hematological and biochemical variables of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 24, 219–224.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Ergün, S. (2013). Chickweed (Stellaria media) leaf meal as a feed ingredient for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Journal of applied aquaculture, 25(4), 329-336.
  • Yilmaz, S., Ergün, S., & Celik, E. S. (2016). Effect of dietary spice supplementations on welfare status of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 86(1), 229-237.

Yüksek Oranda Nişasta Diyetinin Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın Büyüme Performansı, Bazı Kan Parametreleri ve Bağırsak Bakterileri Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.22392/egirdir.415623

Abstract

Bu çalışma gökkuşağı alabalığı, Oncorhynchus mykiss yemlerine yüksek
oranda patates nişastası (% 27) ilavesinin balıkların büyüme performansı, kan
parametreleri ve bağırsak bakterileri üzerine etkisini belirlemek için
yapılmıştır. 140 L tanklarda üç tekrarlı yürütülen besleme denemesinde 180 adet
balık (ortalama ± standart sapma= 17,03 ± 2,68) kullanılmıştır. Hematolojik
değişkenlerden kırmızı kan hücresi sayısı, hematokrit oranı, hemoglobin
konsantrasyonu; immünolojik değişkenlerden respiratori bürst aktivitesi;
biyokimyasal değişkenlerden toplam protein, albümin, globülin, trigliserit,
kolesterol ve glutamik-piruvik transaminaz deneme grupları arasında önemli bir
değişim göstermemiştir. Ancak, % 27'lik patates nişastası ilavesi, büyüme
performansını (SBO, YDO ve ağırlık artışı), bazı immünolojik parametreleri
(lizozim ve miyeloperoksidaz aktiviteleri) ve bazı serum biyokimyasal
değişkenleri (glukoz, laktat dehidrojenaz, glutamik oksaloasetik transaminaz,
alkalin fosfataz) olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Ek olarak, toplam bakteri ve
laktik asit bakterilerinin sayısı % 27'lik patates nişastası ilaveli grupta
kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede fazla bulunmuştur(p<0,05). Genel
olarak, bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak,  yeme yüksek miktarda patates nişastası (% 27)
ilavesinin gökkuşağı alabalığı üzerinde istenmeyen etkilere neden olduğu bulunmuştur.

References

  • Balcázar, J. L., De Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Cunningham, D., Vendrell, D., & Múzquiz, J. L. (2006). The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary Microbiology, 114(3-4), 173-186.
  • Bowser, P. R. (1993). Clinical pathology of Salmonid Fishes. In M. K. Stoskopf (Ed.), Fish Medicine (pp. 327-332). Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • Bruce, T., Sindelar, S., Voorhees, J., Brown, M., & Barnes, M. (2017). Performance and immunological responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed bioprocessed plant‐based proteins. Aquaculture Nutrition, 23(5), 1160-1168.
  • Campbell, T. W. (2004). Clinical Chemistry of Fish and Amphibians. In M. A. Thrall, D. C. Baker, T. W. Campbell, D. DeNicola, M. J. Fettman, E. D. Lassen, A. Rebar, & G. Weiser (Eds.), Veterinary Hematology and Clinical Chemistry (1 ed., pp. 499–517). Wilkins Pennsylvania Lippincott Williams.
  • Choi, S. M., Wang, X., Park, G. J., Lim, S. R., Kim, K. W., Bai, S. C., & Shin, I. S. (2004). Dietary dehulled soybean meal as a replacement for fish meal in fingerling and growing olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel). Aquaculture Research, 35(4), 410-418.
  • Fazio, F., Saoca, C., Piccione, G., Kesbiç, O. S., & Acar, Ü. (2016). Comparative study of some hematological and biochemical parameters of Italian and Turkish farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 16(3), 715-721.
  • Field, J. B., Elvehjem, C., & Juday, G. (1943). A study of the blood constituents of carp and trout. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 148, 261-269. García-Gallego, M., Bazoco, J., Suárez, M., & Sanz, A. (1995). Utilization of dietary carbohydrates by fish: a comparative study in eel and trout. Animal Science, 61(2), 427-436.
  • Geay, F., Ferraresso, S., Zambonino-Infante, J. L., Bargelloni, L., Quentel, C., Vandeputte, M., . . . Mazurais, D. (2011). Effects of the total replacement of fish-based diet with plant-based diet on the hepatic transcriptome of two European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) half-sibfamilies showing different growth rates with the plant-based diet. Bmc Genomics, 12(1), 522.
  • Gómez, G. D., & Balcázar, J. L. (2007). A review on the interactions between gut microbiota and innate immunity of fish. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 52(2), 145-154.
  • Hart, S. D., Bharadwaj, A. S., & Brown, P. B. (2010). Soybean lectins and trypsin inhibitors, but not oligosaccharides or the interactions of factors, impact weight gain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 306(1-4), 310-314.
  • Hassan, M., Gholizadeh, M., & Saidi, A. (2010). Study of some hematological and biochemical parameters of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry in western part of Mazandaran province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 9(1), 185-198.
  • Heath, A. G. (1995). Water pollution and fish physiology. London: CRC press.
  • Irianto, A., & Austin, B. (2002). Probiotics in aquaculture. Journal of Fish Diseases, 25(11), 633-642.
  • Iversen, M., Finstad, B., McKinley, R. S., & Eliassen, R. A. (2003). The efficacy of metomidate, clove oil, Aqui-S™ and Benzoak® as anaesthetics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts, and their potential stress-reducing capacity. Aquaculture, 221(1), 549-566.
  • Jalili, R., Tukmechi, A., Agh, N., Noori, F., & Ghasemi, A. (2013). Replacement of dietary fish meal with plant sources in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); effect on growth performance, immune responses, blood indices and disease resistance.
  • Kumari, J., Swain, T., & Sahoo, P. K. (2003). Dietary bovine lactoferrin induces changes in immunity level and disease resistance in Asian catfish Clarias batrachus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 94(1-2), 1-9.
  • Legate, N., Bonen, A., & Moon, T. (2001). Glucose tolerance and peripheral glucose utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), American eel (Anguilla rostrata), and black bullhead catfish (Ameiurus melas). General and comparative endocrinology, 122(1), 48-59.
  • Linn, S. M., Ishikawa, M., Koshio, S., Yokoyama, S., Murata, T., Hamasaki, Y., & Nankervis, L. (2014). Effects of replacing fish meal with plant protein on growth performance, feed utilization and oxidative condition of red sea bream Pagrus major. Aquaculture Science, 62(4), 341-352.
  • Logan, M., 2010. Biostatistical design and analysis using r: a practical guide. Wiley-Blackwell, London. 546 p.
  • Mayes, P., & Botham, K. (2003a). Cholesterol Synthesis, Transport, & Excretion. In R. Murray, D. Granner, P. Mayes, & V. Rodwell (Eds.), Harper's illustrated biochemistry (26 ed., pp. 219-230). New York McGraw-Hill Education / Medical
  • Mayes, P., & Botham, K. (2003b). Metabolism of acylglycerols and sphingolipids. In R. Murray, D. Granner, P. Mayes, & V. Rodwell (Eds.), Harper's illustrated biochemistry (26 ed., pp. 197-204). New York: McGraw-Hill Education / Medical
  • Mc Donald, D., & Milligan, C. (1992). 2 Chemical Properties of the Blood. In Fish physiology (Vol. 12, pp. 55-133): Elsevier.
  • Moniruzzaman, M., Bae, J., Won, S., Cho, S., Chang, K., & Bai, S. (2018). Evaluation of solid‐state fermented protein concentrates as a fish meal replacer in the diets of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture Nutrition, 24(4), 1198-1212.
  • Morgan, J., & Iwama, G. (2011). Measurements of stressed states in the field. In G. Iwama, A. Pickering, J. Sumpter, & C. Schreck (Eds.), Fish stress and health in aquaculture (pp. 247-270). Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
  • Mosberian‐Tanha, P., Schrama, J. W., Landsverk, T., Mydland, L. T., & Øverland, M. (2018). The effect of plant‐based diet and suboptimal environmental conditions on digestive function and diet‐induced enteropathy in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Nutrition, 24(1), 112-122.
  • Nayak, S. (2010). Probiotics and immunity: a fish perspective. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 29(1), 2-14.
  • Nudo, L. P., & Catap, E. S. (2011). Immunostimulatory effects of Uncaria perrottetii (A. Rich.) Merr.(Rubiaceae) vinebark aqueous extract in Balb/C mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(2), 613-620.
  • Page, G., Hayworth, K., Wade, R., Harris, A., & Bureau, D. (1999). Non‐specific immunity parameters and the formation of advanced glycosylation end‐products (AGE) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fed high levels of dietary carbohydrates. Aquaculture Research, 30(4), 287-297.
  • Seong, M., Lee, S., Lee, S., Song, Y., Bae, J., Chang, K., & Bai, S. C. (2018). The effects of different levels of dietary fermented plant-based protein concentrate on growth, hematology and non-specific immune responses in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture, 483, 196-202.
  • Stasiak, S. A., & Baumann, P. C. (1996). Neutrophil activity as a potential bioindicator for contaminant analysis. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 6(7), 537-539. Wilson, R. (1994). Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fish. Aquaculture, 124(1-4), 67-80.
  • Wong, S., Waldrop, T., Summerfelt, S., Davidson, J., Barrows, F., Kenney, P. B., Rawls, J. F. (2013). Aquacultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) possess a large core intestinal microbiota that is resistant to variation in diet and rearing density. Applied and environmental microbiology, 79(16), 4974-4984.
  • Yamamoto, T., Konishi, K., Shima, T., Furuita, H., Suzuki, N., & Tabata, M. (2001). Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrate levels on growth and body composition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self‐feeding conditions. Fisheries Science, 67(2), 221-227.
  • Yamamoto, T., Shima, T., Unuma, T., Shiraishi, M., Akiyama, T., & Tabata, M. (2000). Voluntary intake of diets with varying digestible energy contents and energy sources, by juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, using self-feeders. Fisheries Science, 66(3), 528-534.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Ergün, S. (2012). Effects of garlic and ginger oils on hematological and biochemical variables of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 24, 219–224.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Ergün, S. (2013). Chickweed (Stellaria media) leaf meal as a feed ingredient for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Journal of applied aquaculture, 25(4), 329-336.
  • Yilmaz, S., Ergün, S., & Celik, E. S. (2016). Effect of dietary spice supplementations on welfare status of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 86(1), 229-237.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environmental Sciences, Food Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sevdan Yılmaz

Publication Date March 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yılmaz, S. (2019). Yüksek Oranda Nişasta Diyetinin Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın Büyüme Performansı, Bazı Kan Parametreleri ve Bağırsak Bakterileri Üzerine Etkileri. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.22392/egirdir.415623